anat chapter 8

Question 1

commonly called the spine or spinal column, is a complex succession of many bones called vertebrae

Answer 1

Vertebral column

Question 2

which follows the various curves of the spinal column, begins at the base of the skull, and extends distally into the sacrum.

Answer 2

Spinal canal

Question 3

which is enclosed and protected by the spinal canal, begins below the medulla oblongata of the brain, which passes through the foramen magnum o the skull.

Answer 3

Spinal cord

Question 4

tough fibrocartilaginous disks separate typical adult vertebrae.

Answer 4

Intervertebral disks

Question 5

The first seven vertebrae

Answer 5

Cervical vertebrae

Question 6

The next 12 vertebrae, and each of these connects to a pair of ribs.

Answer 6

Thoracic vertebrae

Question 7

The largest individual vertebrae are the five lumbar vertebrae.

Answer 7

Lumbar vertebrae

Question 8

develop as multiple separate bones and then use into two distinct bones.

Answer 8

Sacrum and coccyx

Question 9

how many separate bones in the vertebral column of a young child.

Answer 9

33

Question 10

how many of the adult vertebral column separate bones.

Answer 10

26

Question 11

a rounded inward or depressed surface like a cave

Answer 11

concave

Question 12

a rounded outward or elevated surface; are used to describe AP curves.

Answer 12

convex

Question 13

abnormal anterior concavity o the lumbar spine

Answer 13

Lordosis

Question 14

abnormal condition characterized by increased convexity o the thoracic spine curvature

Answer 14

Kyphosis

Question 15

more serious type of problem that occurs when a pronounced S-shaped lateral curvature exists.

Answer 15

Scoliosis

Question 16

which extend posteriorly rom either side of the vertebral body, form most of the sides of the vertebral arch.

Answer 16

Pedicles

Question 17

amphiarthrodial joints that are found between the vertebral bodies.

Answer 17

Intervertebral Joints

Question 18

not directly involved in the stability of the spinal column itself

Answer 18

Costal Joints

Question 18

along the upper surface of each pedicle is a half-moon-shaped area

Answer 18

Superior Vertebral Notch -

Question 19

small and arise from both the pedicle and the body, rather than from the pedicle-lamina junction.

Answer 19

Transverse Processes

Question 20

hole in each transverse process.

Answer 20

Transverse Foramen

Question 21

located behind the transverse process at the junction of the pedicle and lamina.

Answer 21

Cervical Articular Processes

Question 22

part of the second cervical vertebra, but a superior perspective of C1, held in place by the transverse atlantal ligament.

Answer 22

Odontoid Process or dens

Question 23

presents a large depressed surface called a superior facet for articulation with the respective left and right occipital condyles o the skull.

Answer 23

Superior Articular Processes (L&R) -

Question 24

Each thoracic vertebra has a full facet or two partial facets, called demifacets, on each side of the body.

Answer 24

Costovertebral Joints

Question 25

In addition to costovertebral joints, all of the first 10 thoracic vertebrae also have facets

Answer 25

Costotransverse Joints

Question 26

The openings of the intervertebral foramina on the thoracic vertebrae are located at right angles, or 90°

Answer 26

Thoracic intervertebral foramina

Question 27

The structure and angles of the facets of the inferior and superior articular processes

Answer 27

Thoracic Zygapophyseal Joints

Question 28

are spaces or openings between pedicles when two vertebrae are stacked on each other.

Answer 28

Intervertebral Foramina

Question 29

The first cervical vertebra, the atlas, a name derived from the Greek god

Answer 29

Atlas (C1)