Anatomic Terms

Question 1

adrenal glands

Answer 1

located on the superior surface of the kidneys; the outer adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones and the inner adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine

Question 2

steroid hormones

Answer 2

hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex

Question 3

glucocorticoids

Answer 3

hormones that regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have an anti inflammatory effects
EX: cortisol

Question 4

mineralocorticoid

Answer 4

hormones that maintain salt and water balance

Question 5

androgens

Answer 5

hormones that influence development and maintenance of male sex characteristics

Question 6

catecholamines

Answer 6

hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response

Question 7

norepinephrine

Answer 7

hormone that is secreted in response to hypotension and physical stress

Question 8

estrogen

Answer 8

hormone that is responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics

Question 9

progesterone

Answer 9

hormone that regulates uterine conditions during pregnancy

Question 10

islets of langerhans of the pancreas

Answer 10

endocrine tissue within the pancreas; secretes insulin and glucagon

Question 11

insulin

Answer 11

a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islet of langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose

Question 12

glucagon

Answer 12

a hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the islet of langerhans that regulates carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar

Question 13

parathyroid glands

Answer 13

secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 14

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer 14

hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism

Question 15

pineal gland

Answer 15

located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin

Question 16

melatonin

Answer 16

hormone that is involved with circadian rhythm; affects the onset of puberty

Question 17

serotonin

Answer 17

hormone that constricts blood vessels and acts as a neurotransmitter

Question 18

pituitary gland

Answer 18

located at the base of the brain; considered the master gland; posterior pituitary releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin

Question 19

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer 19

hormone that stimulates secretion from the thyroid gland

Question 20

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Answer 20

hormone that stimulates secretion from adrenal cortex

Question 21

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer 21

hormone that initiates the growth of ovarian follicle; stimulates the secretion of estrogen in females and the production of sperm in males

Question 22

melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

Answer 22

hormone that affects skin pigmentation

Question 23

growth hormone (GH)

Answer 23

hormone that influences growth

Question 24

prolactin (PRL)

Answer 24

hormone that stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy

Question 25

``` antidiuretic hormone (ADH) vasopressin ```

Answer 25

hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules

Question 26

oxytocin (OXT)

Answer 26

hormone released by the posterior pituitary that influences uterine contraction

Question 27

thymus

Answer 27

located in the mediastinum; secretes thymosin

Question 28

thymosin

Answer 28

hormone that regulates immune response

Question 29

thyroid

Answer 29

located in the front of the neck; secretes T3, T4 and calcitonin

Question 30

triiodothyronine (T3)

Answer 30

thyroid hormone similar to thyroxine but having greater potency; regulates metabolism

Question 31

thyroxine (T4)

Answer 31

thyroid hormone that regulates metabolism

Question 32

calcitonin

Answer 32

hormone that regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism