Anatomical Sciences 14% 9Q

Question 1

Name the bones formed via purely intramembranous ossification

Answer 1

1. Parietal
2. Frontal
3. Nasal
4. Lacrimal
5. Maxilla
6. Palatine
7. Zygomatic
8. Vomer

Question 2

what type of ossification is described as direct deposition of bone layers onto CT?

Answer 2

intramembranous ossification

Question 3

Name the bones formed via purely endochondral ossification

Answer 3

1. Stapes
2. Hyoid
3. Ethmoid
4. Incus
5. Inferior Concha

nemonic (SHEII)

Question 4

what kind of ossification occurs directly to an embryonic cartilaginous model precursor?

Answer 4

endochondral ossification

Question 5

Name the bones formed via mixed intramembranous and endochondral ossification

Answer 5

nemonic: MMOST

1. Mandible
2. Malleus
3. Occipital
4. Sphenoid
5. Temporal

Question 6

The craniofacial complex is made of 22 bones comprising of ___ facial bones and ___ cranial bones

Answer 6

14 facial

8 cranial

Question 7

what is the name of part of the temporal bone at the base of the zygomatic arch that is lateral to articular eminence of glenoid fossa, anterior to condyle, and posterior to coronoid notch

Answer 7

articular tubercle

Question 8

what is the attachment site of the TM ligament?

Answer 8

articular tubercle

Question 9

which cervical vertebrae is responsible for the “yes” motion of the head?

Answer 9

atlas (C1)

Question 10

which cervical vertebrae is responsible for the “no” motion of the head?

Answer 10

C2 = Axis

Question 11

Which cranial nerves travel through the superior orbital fissure ?

Answer 11

III, IV, V1 and VI

occulomotor, trochlear, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal, and abducens

Question 12

Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale?

Answer 12

V3 (trigeminal nerve mandibular division)

Question 13

Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 13

V2 (trigeminal nerve maxillary division)

Question 14

Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen spinosum?

Answer 14

middle meningeal branch of V3

Question 15

Which cranial nerve passes through the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 15

VII and VIII

facial nerve and vestibulocochlear

Question 16

Which cranial nerve passes through the jugular foramen?

Answer 16

IX, X, XI

glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory

Question 17

Which cranial nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 17

the hypoglossal nerve, CNXII

Question 18

the Pterygomaxillary Fissure is bordered anteriorly by the __________ and posteriorly boy the ___________

Answer 18

Maxilla (a) and Sphenoid (p)

Question 19

the the Pterygomaxillary Fissure is traversed by the _______ artery

Answer 19

maxillary artery (and nerve)

Question 20

the formaen ___________ enters the the pterygomaxillary Fissure from the posterior and the sphenopalatine foramen enters from the medial

Answer 20

rotundum

Question 21

sutures united by ligaments are called ______________ while sutures united by hyaline cartilage are called _____________. The fusion of 2 sutures is called ________

Answer 21

Syndesmoses

Synchondroses

Synostosis

Question 22

Cranial base synchondroses closure:

Intersphenoid:

Sphenoethmoid: ___ - ___ years

Sphenooccipital: ___ - ___ years

Answer 22

Intersphenoid: fused at birth

Sphenoethmoid: 3 - 5 years

Sphenooccipital: 12 - 15 years

Question 23

what happens to growth upon synostoses?

Answer 23

the sutures (synchondroses) cease to be growth centers

Question 24

which muscle is at the corner of the lips and pulls lips sideways for social smile

Answer 24

Risorius

Question 25

which muscle elevates the corner of lip when smiling?

Answer 25

Zygomaticus major

Question 26

which muscle elevates the upper lip when smiling?

Answer 26

Levator Labialis Superioris

Question 27

which muscle protrudes and puckers the lip?

Answer 27

Orbicularis Oris

Question 28

the lateral pterygoid muscle has 2 heads which both have their insertion at the ___________ head and ___________ of TMJ. The origin of the upper lateral pterygoid is on the infratemporal surface of the ______ bone; the origin of the lower lateral pterygoid is the ________ surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.

Answer 28

condyle disc sphenoid lateral

Question 29

lateral pterygoid muscle functions to:

Answer 29

Protrude the Mandible, open the jaw, and help the medial pterygoid in moving from side to side.

Question 30

the medial pterygoid functions to:

Answer 30

elevate mandible and excursive movements

Question 31

the medial pterygoid has 2 origins: deep origin is the ________ surface of the lateral pterygoid and superficial origin in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. The insertion is the medial surface of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 31

medial maxillary tuberosity ramus

Question 32

the master functions to:

Answer 32

elevate the mandible

Question 33

The master's origin is the ____________ and the insertion is the lateral surface of the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

zygomatic arch ramus

Question 34

The temporals functions to:

Answer 34

elevate the mandible

Question 35

the origin of the temporals is the temporal line of the _________ and _________ bones; its insertion is the _____________ of the mandible

Answer 35

parietal and sphenoid coronoid

Question 36

name the branches of the facial nerve

Answer 36

1. **T**emporal 2. **Z**ygomatic 3. **B**uccal 4. **M**arginal Mandibular 5. **C**ervical

Question 37

The facial nerve emerges from the cranium deep through the internal acoustic meatus and out through the _____________ foramen

Answer 37

stylomastoid

Question 38

Which muscle is responsible for protrusion of the tongue?

Answer 38

genioglossus

Question 39

Which muscle is responsible for retrusion of the tongue?

Answer 39

Hyoglossus

Question 40

Which muscles are responsible for depression of the tongue?

Answer 40

genioglossus and hyoglossus

Question 41

ALL motor innervation to the tongue is by CN \_\_\_

Answer 41

XII, hypoglossal

Question 42

General sensation and taste to the posterior ⅓ of the tongue is innervated by CN \_\_\_

Answer 42

CNIX, glossopharyngeal

Question 43

General sensation to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue is innervated by CN \_\_\_, taste to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue is innervated by CN \_\_\_

Answer 43

CN V3, lingual nerve CN VII vie chorda tympani

Question 44

Which sinus lies directly beneath the sella turcica?

Answer 44

sphenoid

Question 45

the frontal, ethmoid, temporal and maxillary sinuses drain into the:

Answer 45

middle nails meatus

Question 46

the origin of the **anterior** digastric is the digastric fossa close to the _________ symphysis. the origin of the **posterior** digastric is medial surface of ____________ process of temporal bone, and digastric groove between mastoid process and styloid process

Answer 46

lingual mastoid

Question 47

Th reinsertion of the ___________ muscle is the Intermediate tendon of the hyoid bone

Answer 47

digastric

Question 48

The anterior belly of the digastric is innervated by CN ___ and the posterior belly of the digastric is innervated by CN \_\_\_

Answer 48

V, tirgeminal VII, facial

Question 49

the tendon of the digastric muscle passes through the __________ muscle

Answer 49

stylohyoid