Anatomical Terminology/Membranes

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of structures and their relationships

Question 2

_______: macroscopic anatomy

Answer 2

Gross anatomy

Question 3

_____________: the study of functions

Answer 3

Physiology

Question 4

What are the 6 levels of organization in anatomy?

Answer 4

1. Chemical and molecular
2. Cellular
3. Tissue
4. Organ
5. System
6. Organism

Question 5

What is the study of cells? Tissues?

Answer 5

Cells= cytology
Tissue= histology

Question 6

What is an organ?

Answer 6

Tissues combining for a common function (ex- heart muscle)

Question 7

What is a tissue?

Answer 7

Cells combining for a common function (heart tissue)

Question 8

____________: consist of different origins that work together closely

Answer 8

Organ system

Question 9

What is lateral? What is its opp?

Answer 9

Lateral in on either side of the midline, the opposite is medial

Question 10

What is proximal? What is its opp?

Answer 10

“More above”, and the opp is distal

Question 11

What is anterior-ventral? What is the opp?

Answer 11

Anterior or ventral means in front. The opposite is posterior.

Question 12

What is superficial? The opp?

Answer 12

External, opposite is deep or internal

Question 13

Ipsilateral

Answer 13

Belonging to or occurring on the same side if the body

Question 14

Contralateral

Answer 14

relating to or denoting the side of the body opposite to that on which a particular structure or condition occurs

Question 15

Bilateral

Answer 15

Both sides

Question 16

Sagittal plan

Answer 16

Dividing the frontal body in half

Question 17

What is it called when the Sagittal plane is directly in the middle?

Answer 17

Midsaggital or median

Question 18

What is a transverse plane?

Answer 18

Dividing the body into top and bottom half

Question 19

What is the frontal or coronal plane?

Answer 19

Divides the body into front and back

Question 20

What are the dorsal cavities?

Answer 20

Cranial and spinal

Question 21

What are the ventral cavities?

Answer 21

Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic

Question 22

_______: Cavity containing urinary and reproductive organs surrounded by pelvic bones

Answer 22

Pelvic

Question 23

__________: cavity containing liver, stomach, diaphragm superior boundary

Answer 23

Abdominal

Question 24

_________: cavity containing heart and lungs, diaphragm inferior boundary

Answer 24

Thoracic

Question 25

Diffusion

Answer 25

Movement from high to low concentration

Question 26

Osmosis

Answer 26

Diffusion of water across a membrane

Question 27

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 27

Passive transport but needs protein help

Question 28

Filtrated

Answer 28

Movement via hydrostatic pressure that moves whatever can fit through the wall of the membrane

Question 29

Active transport

Answer 29

Opposite of concentration gradient

Question 30

Active transport

Answer 30

Opposite of conc gradient

Question 31

Endocytosis/Phagocytosis

Answer 31

Cell “eating”

Question 32

Phagocytosis

Answer 32

Eating those cells

Question 33

Phagocyte

Answer 33

A cell that does its eating as its job

Question 34

Exocytosis

Answer 34

A cell pushes out particles using a secretory vesicle

Question 35

Negative feedback loops

Answer 35

Mechanisms that result in opposite effect (thyroid high NFL lower them)

Question 36

Positive feedback loops

Answer 36

Mechanism that results in the same effect (mostly associated with disease, but sometimes a good thing)

Question 37

_______ muscle: striated with nucleus near the periphery of the cell

Answer 37

Skeletal

Question 38

________ muscle: striated with nucleus near the periphery of the cell, but also darker striations dispersed among the cell (intercalated disks)

Answer 38

Cardiac

Question 39

________ muscle: no striations, L to R that have nucleus in the middle

Answer 39

Smooth

Question 40

_______ tissue: will have branching cells that are interconnected

Answer 40

Nervous

Question 41

The dendrites, axon, and neurologia cells that are dispersed between the ___________

Answer 41

Neurons

Question 42

What are the cells in connective tissue

Answer 42

Fibroblasts

Question 43

What are the 3 types of fibers in connective tissue?

Answer 43

Collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers

Question 44

___________: has elastic or collagen fibers with nucleus dispersed throughout

Answer 44

Loose, or areolar, connective tissue

Question 45

____________: has collagen fibers and nucleus of fibroblasts

Answer 45

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

Question 46

______________: has bubbly adipocytes or fat cells

Answer 46

Adipose tissue

Question 47

____________: found in between bones. Chrondocyte in a lacuna

Answer 47

Hyaline cartilage

Question 48

____________ intervertebral disk that has collagen fibers in the matrix and chondrocyte in lacuna

Answer 48

Fibrocartilage

Question 49

____________ in the matrix and chondrocyte in lacunae

Answer 49

Elastic cartilage

Question 50

__________ matrix organized in to lamellae with a central canal and lacuna

Answer 50

Compact bone

Question 51

___________________: Membranes that secrete mucous (more viscous than water)

Answer 51

Mucous membrane

Question 52

Serous membrane

Answer 52

Membranes that secrete serum =

Question 53

Cutaneous membrane

Answer 53

The technical term for out skin

Question 54

Synovial membrane

Answer 54

A specialized connective tissue that lines the inner surface of capsules of the synovial joints and tendon sheath