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Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Compare the structural and functional differences between the somatic efferent and autonomic portions of the nervous system

A

Somatic efferent involves one motor neuron and travels to a skeletal muscle. VOLUNTARY

Visceral efferent (ANS) involves a preganglionic and postganglionic neuron and travels to a smooth, cardiac, or gland. INVOLUNTARY

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2
Q

_______________: also known as the thoracolumbar division

A

Sympathetic division

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3
Q

_______________: flight or flight

A

Sympathetic

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4
Q

_______________: short myelinated neurons of the sympathetic division

A

Preganglionic neurons

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5
Q

_______________: ganglia located closer to the v column in the SNS

A

Sympathetic chain ganglion

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6
Q

_______________: branching of the pre-ganglionic neuron from the spinal nerve

A

White ramus

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7
Q

_______________: branching of the post-ganglionic neuron to rejoin the spinal nerve

A

Gray ramus

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8
Q

_______________: neuron of the ANS that travels from the CNS to ganglion and is myelinated

A

Preganglionic

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9
Q

_______________: neuron of the ANS that travels from the ganglion to the effector

A

Post-ganglionic

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10
Q

Name 3 types of collateral or prevertebral autonomic ganglia in the sympathetic division

A

1 celiac ganglion
2 superior mesenteric ganglion
3 inferior mesenteric ganglion

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11
Q

_______________ ganglion: sends postganglionic fibers to the upper abdominal structures such as the stomach and liver

A

Celiac

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12
Q

_______________ ganglion: sends postganglionic fibers to middle abdominal structures such as the small intestine

A

Superior mesenteric

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13
Q

_______________ ganglion: sends post ganglionic fibers to lower abdominal and pelvic structures such as the large intestine

A

Inferior mesenteric ganglion

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14
Q

In the sympathetic division the preganglionic neuron travels with the ______________

A

Spinal nerve

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15
Q

After the preganglionic neuron leaves the vertebrae it branches away from the spinal nerve and is called the ________________________

A

White ramus communicans

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16
Q

The white ramus communicans can synapse at the same level and the postganglionic neuron branch that rejoins the spinal nerve is the _________________

A

Grey ramus communicans

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17
Q

The preganglionic neuron can also travel up or down the sympathetic truck and have a synapse at any level with the postganglionic neuron. T or F?

A

T

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18
Q

_____________: pertaining to viscera

A

Splanchnic nerve

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19
Q

_______________: preganglionic axons which enter and then exit the sympathetic chain ganglion without synapsing

A

Splanchnic nerve

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20
Q

_______________: fight or flight
_______________: rest and digest

A

Sympathic division

Parasympathetic division

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21
Q

What are the 2 division of the ANS

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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22
Q

What structure does not have a postganglionic neuron?

Study These Flashcards
A

Adrenal medulla which is part of the sympathetic division

23
Q

The preganglionic neuron exits the spinal cord between _______

24
Q

PreG neurons are typically short in the sympathetic division and postG neurons are long. T or F?

25
_______________: a chain of interconnected ganglia so that the sympathetic response is widespread and shows divergence
Sympathetic trunk
26
_______________: allows the stimulation that may have begun at L2 to have an effect at the level of your head
Sympathetic trunk
27
In the ________ division the preganglionic neurons exit the spinal cord in the S2-S4 region as well as from the brainstem along Cr. nerves III, VII, IX and X
Parasympathetic
28
Which division of ANS exhibits interconnections between preganglionic neurons?
sympathetic
29
Isolated responses are the norm for parasympathetic. T or F?
T
30
In which division are preG neurons short? Long?
Short- sympathetic | Long- parasympathetic
31
The adrenal medulla has preG neurons that run all the way to its core. T or F?
T
32
Which division of the ANS has more divergence?
Sympathetic, rare to have an isolated response (ex HR without anything else)
33
________________: fibers release acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter for the synapse
Cholinergic
34
________________: releases norepinephrine and represents the post G neuron in SNS
andregenic
35
Which division has adregenic neurons?
SNS (post-ganglionic neuron)
36
Two types of aCH receptors
Muscarinic | Nicotinic
37
Where are muscarinic ACH receptors found?
On the effectors of PNS
38
Nicotinic receptors are found where?
Post G neurons SNS and PNS
39
Name 2 types of receptors for norepinephrine
Alpha (1 and 2 most common) | Beta
40
______________: stimulation of these receptors works with NT released from adrenal medulla during fight or flight in excitation
Alpha receptors
41
Slowing of heart rate, contricting of pupil, and increasing salivation are all examples of responses to muscarinic receptor stimulation. T or F?
T
42
Contraction of the smooth muscle in the wall of cutaneous blood vessel is an example of a reaction from alpha receptor excitation. T or F?
T
43
______________: found in the heart and are stimulatory causing increased rate and force of contraction when stimulated
Beta 1 receptor
44
______________: tend to be inhibitory receptors, usually giving a relaxation response in the SNS sich as relaxation of the smooth muscle surrounding an airway
Beta 2
45
Explain the role of the hypothalamus and its relationship to the SNS and PNS
Control
46
Effect of atropine on ANS?
Atropine is antimuscarinic and therefore blocks PNS
47
Effect of SNS and PNS on heart
SNS increase | PNS decrease
48
Effect of SNS and PNS on airway and breathing
SNS dilates, increases RR | PNS opposite
49
Effect of SNS and PNS on digestion
SNS inhibits | PNS opposite *salivation
50
Effect of SNS and PNS on sweat
SNS sweat | PNS doesnt go to skin structures
51
Effect of SNS and PNS on adrenal medulla
SNS release of epi —> fight or flight | PNS doesnt go there
52
Effect of SNS and PNS on blood vessels (cutaneous and abdominal)
SNS constriction | PNS doesnt go there
53
Effect of SNS and PNS on skeletal blood vessesls
SNS dialation | PNS doesnt go there
54
Effect of SNS and PNS on urinary bladder
SNS contraction sphincter, relaxation of bladder—> not pee PNS opposite —> pee

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