Anatomical Terms And Bones

Question 1

What are the five vital organs in the human body

Answer 1

Brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver

Question 2

Other types of organs ?

Answer 2

Gallbladder,pancreas, stomach

Question 3

What supports organs ?

Answer 3

Organ systems

Question 4

Name five human organ systems

Answer 4

Lymphatic system, urinary system, skeletal system, reproductive system, muscular system, digestive system

Question 5

What are the four location cavity’s

Answer 5

Thoracic cavity, abdominopelvic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

Question 6

Name the nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 6

Question 7

What does the nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity allow for ?

Answer 7

Professionals to give more accurate locations of the organs

Question 8

What does the nine regions of the abdominopelvic cavity allow for ?

Answer 8

Professionals to give more accurate locations of the organs

Question 9

What are five characteristics of the anatomical position

Answer 9

-Standing upright
-Feet parallel and on the floor
-Head level and looking forward
-Arms at side of the body
-Palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body

Question 10

What is a body plane

Answer 10

A imaginary image of a flat surface passing through the body or an organ

Question 11

What are the three anatomical planes

Answer 11

Sagittal(midline)
Coronal(frontal)
Transverse(horizontal)

Question 12

What are the eight anatomical directional terms ?

Answer 12

Anterior(ventral) towards the front
Posterior(dorsal) toward the back

Superior(above) toward the head
Inferior(below) away from the head

Medial towards the midline
Lateral away from the midline

Proximal nearer the point of attachment
Distal away from the point of attachment

Question 13

Anatomical direction

Answer 13

Anterior vs posterior
Superior vs inferior
Medial vs lateral
Proximal vs distal

Question 14

Directional terms

Answer 14

Superficial- towards the surface
Deep- towards the core of the body

Question 15

Anatomical positions

Answer 15

Supine- facing upright face to the sky
Prone- facing downwards face to the floor

Question 16

Directions of movement

Answer 16

Abduction- movement of the arm or leg away from the body
Addiction- movement of the arm or leg toward the body

Extension- movement allowed by certain joints of the skeleton that increase the angle between two adjoining bones

Flexion- a movement allowed by certain joints of skeleton decreasing the angle between two connecting bones

Question 17

What are the five components of the musculoskeletal system

Answer 17

Bones, joints, muscles, blood vessel and nerves

Question 18

How many bones are in a adult skeleton?

Answer 18

206

Question 19

What are the two categories of bones ?

Answer 19

Avail skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Question 20

What does the axial skeleton consist of ?

Answer 20

Skull, vertebral column and thoracic cage (80 bones)

Question 21

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of ?

Answer 21

Shoulder(pectoral girdle) hip bones (pelvic girdle) and upset and lower limbs (126 bones)

Question 22

Question 23

Six Functions of the bones

Answer 23

Protect internal organs
Supoort soft tissue
Provides attachment
Assists with movement
Mineral and fat storage
Blood cell production

Question 24

Six Functions of the bones

Answer 24

Protect internal organs
Supoort soft tissue
Provides attachment
Assists with movement
Mineral and fat storage
Blood cell production

Question 25

How much percent of weight does the human body make up

Answer 25

18%

Question 26

WhT are the five classifications of bones and give an example

Answer 26

Long (humerus) Short(wrist) Flat(sternum) Irregular(vertebra) Sesamoid(patella)

Question 27

What are the parts of a typical long bone ?

Answer 27

Diaphysis(shaft) Metaphyses(growing bone) Proximal and distal epiphyses(end)

Question 28

Three main types of bone cell?

Answer 28

Osteoblasts- bone building cell Osteocytes- mature bone cells Osteoclasts- bone reabsorb if cells

Question 29

What are two types of bone tissue

Answer 29

Compact bone and spongy bone

Question 30

Explain compact bone

Answer 30

Relatively solid, forms walls of bone

Question 31

Explain spongy bone

Answer 31

Forms open network of struts and plates, surrounds marrow cavity, is hard and appears spongy, spaces in the spongy bone are filled with red bone marrow

Question 32

What does red bone marrow consist of

Answer 32

Fat and blood cells where rbc are made

Question 33

Question 34

Question 35

Long bones are supplied by ?

Answer 35

Arteries and veins

Question 36

What is the process of bone formation called ?

Answer 36

Osteogenesis

Question 37

Exsplain osteogenesis

Answer 37

Begins at week 6-7 of embryonic development, before this skeletal elements are cartilaginous It involves replacement of connective tissue with bones 10 and 16 week old foetus known as ossification Remodelling of bone and repair fractures throughout life

Question 38

Question 39

Question 40

How are fracture types diagnosed ?

Answer 40

Body part- where in your body you broke a bone Cause- some fractures are classified by how they happen Pattern- fracture pattern is the medical term for the shape of a break or what it looks like

Question 41

Fractures can be named by what caused them for example

Answer 41

Stress fractures- (hairline fractures) Avulsion fracture Buckle fractures (impact fractures)

Question 42

Fractures are classified by their pattern e.g

Answer 42

The direction a break goes

Question 43

Question 44

Types of bone fractures (7)

Answer 44

Transverse, linear, oblique non-displaced, oblique displaced, spiral, green stick, comminuted

Question 45

Repair of bone after fracture has four steps

Answer 45

Inflammation Soft callus Hard callus Remodelling

Question 46

How can someon strengthen there bones ?

Answer 46

Mechanical stress such as weight lifting

Question 47

How does mechanical stress strengthen bones ?

Answer 47

Increasing deposition of mineral salts Increased production of collagen fibres and increased blood supply Strengthening makes it led. Liable to fracture

Question 48

How does removal of mechanical stress weaken the bones

Answer 48

Demineralisation Collagen fibre reduction

Question 49

Dietary requirement essential for mineralisation of bones

Answer 49

Calcium and vitamin A, C, D Phosphate, iron, magnesium

Question 50

When does a reduction in bone mass begin and why

Answer 50

30-40 years as osteoblast activities decline

Question 51

What can a loss in calcium lead to

Answer 51

Osteoporosis

Question 52

As a result of a loss in collagen what can happen to the bones

Answer 52

Become more brittle

Question 53