Anatomical Terms And Language

Question 1

Posterior

Answer 1

Also called Dorsal.

- Is the Back of the body.

Question 2

Superior

Answer 2

Also called Cephalic.

- Towards the Top of the Head.

Question 3

Inferior

Answer 3

Also called Caudal.

- Towards the Toes. Down.

Question 4

Proximal

Answer 4

Nearer to the trunk of the body.

- Eg. The shoulder is proximal to the elbow.

Question 5

Distal

Answer 5

Furthest from the trunk of the body.

- Eg. The wrist is distal to the elbow.

Question 6

Medial

Answer 6

Towards the mid-line of the body.

- Eg. The heart lies medial to the lungs.

Question 7

Lateral

Answer 7

Always from the mid-line of the body, to the sides.

- Eg. The lungs lie lateral to the heart.

Question 8

Superficial

Answer 8

Towards the external surface of the body.

- Eg. The sternum is superficial to the heart.

Question 9

Deep

Answer 9

Away from the body surface, towards the inner body.

- Eg. The heart is deep to the sternum.

Question 10

What are the planes of reference?

Answer 10

1. Saggital Plane: Cuts your body in half kingsman style.
2. Coronal Plane: Cuts your body in half, separating your toes from your heels.
3. Transverse Plane: Cuts body horizontally.

Question 11

Flexion

Answer 11

Shortening of a joint angle.

Question 12

Extension

Answer 12

Enlargement of a joint angle.

Question 13

Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion

Answer 13

• Dorsiflexion is moving the ankle UP.

- Plantarflexion is moving the ankle DOWN.

Question 14

Abduction and Adduction.

Answer 14

• Abduction is taking away from the body.

- Adduction is taking towards the body.

Question 15

Pronation and Supination (forearm)

Answer 15

• Pronation is twisting the arm so palm is downwards or thumbs are inwards.
• Supination is twisting the arm so palm is upwards or thumbs are outwards.

Question 16

Circumduction

Answer 16

Rolling your arm over.

- It is a combination of movements; Flexion, Abduction, Extension and Adduction.

Question 17

Depression and Elevation

Answer 17

• Elevation is closing the mouth; elevating the base of your jaw.
• Depression is opening the mouth; Lowering the base of your jaw.

Question 18

Protraction and Retraction (Jaw)

Answer 18

• Protraction is moving the jaw forward.

- Retraction is moving the jaw back.

Question 19

Anterior

Answer 19

Also called Ventral.

- Is the Front of the body.

Question 20

Serous Membrane

Answer 20

Membranes that produce serous fluid. They prevent friction between organs, other organs and walls.

Question 21

Visceral

Answer 21

Organs of the body cavities.
Eg. In abdominal cavity; Intestines.
Or in pleural cavity; lungs.