Anatomy

Question 1

Where do branches of abdo aorta come off?

Answer 1

T12	Coeliac trunk
L1	Superior mesenteric artery
L2	Testicular artery and renal artery
L3	Inferior mesenteric artery
L4	Bifurcation of aorta

Question 2

What artery is PICA a branch of?

Answer 2

Vertebral artery

Question 3

Where is hypoglossal canal?

Answer 3

Occipital bone

Question 4

Which sulcus separates the brain lobes?

Answer 4

Frontal and parietal - central
Frontal and temporal - lateral
Parietal and occipital - parieto-occipital

Question 5

Which branch of CN VII loops around aorta to ascend into neck?

Answer 5

Left recurrent laryngeal

Question 6

Nerves of the mediastinum

Answer 6

Middle - phrenic

Question 7

What does posterior IV artery supply?

Answer 7

Posterior 1/3 of IV septum

Question 8

Where is the aortic vestibule?

Answer 8

LV

Question 9

Which artery arches over root of left lung?

Answer 9

Aorta (continues as desc aorta afterwards)

Question 10

Chest nerves, medial to lateral

Answer 10

Recurrent laryngeal, vagus, phrenic

RRL hooks under subclavian and doesn’t enter chest, LRL hooks under AoA and enters chest

Question 11

What is the coronary sulcus?

Answer 11

Separates atrium from ventricle and contains R coronary artery

Question 12

What 2 vessels run together down anterior IV heart sulcus?

Answer 12

Great cardiac vein

Anterior IV artery

Question 13

What vein is likely to be compressed by thymic tumour?

Answer 13

Brachiocephalic vein

Question 14

Posterior border of anterior mediastinum?

Answer 14

Anterior border of pericardium

Question 15

Posterior border of superior mediastinum

Answer 15

T1-4

Question 16

Types of skeletal muscle

Answer 16

Circular - orbicularis oculi
Fusiform - biceps brachii
Flat w aponeuro - ext. oblique
Pennate - deltoid
Quadrate - rectus abs.

Question 17

Female repro system

Answer 17

Ovary, fibrae, infundibulum (funnel), ampulla, isthmus, uterus body, cervix, vagina

Question 18

What is in the spermatic cord?

Answer 18

Vas deferens
Test. artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

Question 19

What are the features of the neck, moving inferiorly?

Answer 19

Hyoid bone
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Thyroid gland
Tracheal rings

Question 20

Valve auscultation areas

Answer 20

Aortic - 2nd R IC, sternal edge
Pulmonary - 2nd L IC, sternal edge
Tricuspid - 4th L IC, sternal edge
Bicuspid/mitral - 5th L IC, mid-clavicular

Question 21

Which fossa do each CN enter/exit?

Answer 21

Anterior - CN I
Middle - CN II - VI
Posterior - VII - XII

Question 22

Sections of spinal cord/vertebral column

Answer 22

Spinal Cord
8C
12T
5L
5S
1C
Ends at L1/L2 IV disc level

Vertebral Column
7C
12T
5L
5S
4C

Question 23

Cauda equina

Answer 23

Lumbar and sacral spinal nerve roots have to descend in the vertebral canal to their respective intervertebral
foraminae

Question 24

Which vertebrae are spinal nerves named after?

Answer 24

The vert above it
Except in cervical where it’s the one below
e.g. C8 exits between C7 and T1

Question 25

Where do sensory and motor axons pass through?

Answer 25

Sensory - spinal nerve -> (dorsal) posterior roots -> posterior rootlets -> posterior horn of spinal cord Motor - (ventral) anterior horn -> anterior rootlets -> anterior root -> spinal nerve

Question 26

Dermatomes

Answer 26

C3/4 - shoulder tip T4 - nipple T10 - umbilicus

Question 27

Cervical plexuses

Answer 27

``` Cervical plexus - C1-C4 anterior rami - Posterior scalp, neck wall, and diaphragm Brachial plexus - C5-T1 anterior rami - Upper limb Lumbar plexus - L1-L4 anterior rami - Lower limb Sacral plexus - L5-S4 anterior rami - Lower limb, gluteal region and perineum ```

Question 28

Which vessels run down either side of the sternum?

Answer 28

Internal thoracic artery and vein

Question 29

Diphragmatic openings from anterior to posterior

Answer 29

``` Caval opening for IVC (T8) Oeso hiatus (T10) Aortic hiatus (T12) ```

Question 30

Where is pectoralis minor attached?

Answer 30

Coracoid process of scapula

Question 31

Transverse thoracic plane

Answer 31

Between sternal angle and T4/5

Question 32

Thoracic inlet/outlet

Answer 32

Bounded by ribs 1, T1 and jugular notch

Question 33

Anterior mediastinum

Answer 33

Between sternum and fibrous peri | Thymus gland

Question 34

Middle mediastinum

Answer 34

Peri, heart, parts of great vessels that connect w heart | Essentially j the heart sac

Question 35

Posterior mediastinum

Answer 35

Everything behind heart From medial to lateral - trachea, vagus, thoracic duct, azygous, sympathetic chain Also thoracic aorta on left and oesophagus

Question 36

Azygous vein and intercostal vein

Answer 36

Azygous - arching anteriorly, superior to the lung root to drain into the SVC Intercostal - Draining posteriorly into the azygous vein

Question 37

Lymphatic drainage of body

Answer 37

Thoracic - left chest, head/neck, arm, everything below ribs | Right venous - right arm, chest, head/neck

Question 37

Lymphatic drainage of body

Answer 37

Thoracic - left chest, head/neck, arm, everything below ribs | Right venous - right arm, chest, head/neck

Question 38

Course of thoracic duct

Answer 38

Runs w azygous on R, crosses oeso, underneath brachiocephalic vein, over L venous angle

Question 39

Superior mediastinum

Answer 39

``` Manubrium and above/arch of aorta From lateral to medial: phrenic nerves vagus nerves recurrent laryngeal nerves ``` ``` From anterior to posterior: brachiocephalic veins & SVC arch of aorta & the origin of its 3 branches trachea oesophagus thoracic duct ```

Question 39

Superior mediastinum

Answer 39

``` Manubrium and above/arch of aorta From lateral to medial: phrenic nerves vagus nerves recurrent laryngeal nerves ``` ``` From anterior to posterior: brachiocephalic veins & SVC arch of aorta & the origin of its 3 branches trachea oesophagus thoracic duct ```

Question 40

Function of transversus thoracis

Answer 40

Depresses ribs in forced insp

Question 41

Which liver lobe touches portal triad?

Answer 41

Caudate