Anatomy

Question 1

BODY PLANES
Sagittal Plane

Answer 1

A vertical plane dividing the body into right and left portions

Question 2

BODY PLANES
Median/Midsagittal Plane

Answer 2

A vertical plane dividing the body into equal right and left portions

Question 3

BODY PLANES
Coronal/Frontal Plane

Answer 3

A vertical plane dividing the body into front and back portions

Question 4

BODY PLANES
Transverse Plane

Answer 4

A horizontal plane dividing the body into upper and lower portions

Question 5

Anatomical Position

Answer 5

Standing with the front of the body and palms facing forward

Question 6

Prone

Answer 6

Lying on the front of the body with face downward

Question 7

Supine

Answer 7

Lying on the back of the body with the face upward

Question 8

Anterior

Answer 8

Front side / in front of

Question 9

Posterior

Answer 9

Backside / in back of

Question 10

Medial

Answer 10

Closer toward median plane / midline

Question 11

Lateral

Answer 11

Further from the median plane / toward the side

Question 12

Superior

Answer 12

Above / towards the head

Question 13

Inferior

Answer 13

Below / towards feet

Question 14

Proximal

Answer 14

Closer to the root of the limb or center of the body

Question 15

Distal

Answer 15

Further from the root of the limb or center of the body

Question 16

Fibrous joint

Answer 16

A joint where the bones are directly connected by fibrous tissue. Example: sutures of skull

Question 17

Cartilaginous joint

Answer 17

A joint where the bones are directly connected by cartilage, example: intervertebral disc

Question 18

Synovial

Answer 18

A joint where there is a small space between the bones that contains synovial fluid. Examples: shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, and many other joints of the limbs

Question 19

Types of synovial joints

Answer 19

Hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball-and-socket, gliding

Question 20

Hinge (Synovial Joint)

Answer 20

A joint formed between a spool-shaped surface and reciprocal concave surface that allows forward-backward movement in one plane. Examples: elbow, knee, and ankle joints

Question 21

Pivot (Synovial Joint)

Answer 21

A joint formed between a rounded surface or peg and an arch-shaped surface that allows rotation in one plane, examples: joints of the forearm (upper and lower radio on joints)

Question 22

Condyloid (synovial joint)

Answer 22

A joint formed between an oval-shaped convex surface and a reciprocal cavity that allows movement in two planes. Example: wrist joint.

Question 23

Saddle (synovial joint)

Answer 23

A joint formed between a saddle-shaped surface and a bone with opposite concave-convex surfaces that allows movement in two planes. Example: thumb (first carpal metacarpal joint)

Question 24

Ball-and-socket (synovial joint)

Answer 24

A joint formed between a spherical head and a concave socket that allows movement in three planes. Examples: shoulder and hip joints

Question 25

Gliding (synovial joint)

Answer 25

A joint formed between flat or slightly curved surfaces, allowing slight sliding motions that generally do not occur around an axis. Example: joint between the scapula and clavicle (acromioclavicular joint)

Question 26

Flexion

Answer 26

Bringing the anterior surface of a body segment towards the anterior surface of an adjacent body segment (except at the knee, where posterior surfaces are approximated)/bending

Question 27

Extension

Answer 27

Moving from a flexed position towards the anatomical position or beyond/straightening

Question 28

Hyperextension

Answer 28

Moving in extension past the anatomical position

Question 29

Abduction

Answer 29

Moving away from the midline of the body

Question 30

Adduction

Answer 30

Moving toward the midline of the body

Question 31

External rotation

Answer 31

Turning the anterior surface outward

Question 32

Internal rotation

Answer 32

Turning the anterior surface inward

Question 33

Lateral flexion (spine)

Answer 33

Side bending of the trunk to the right or left

Question 34

Rotation (spine)

Answer 34

Turning the front of the head or trunk to the right or left

Question 35

Inversion (foot)

Answer 35

Lifting the medial/inside portion of the foot upwards

Question 36

Eversion (foot)

Answer 36

Lifting the lateral/outside portion of the foot upwards

Question 37

Pronation (foot)

Answer 37

Rolling in of the foot

Question 38

Pronation (forearm)

Answer 38

Turning palm backwards

Question 39

Supination (foot)

Answer 39

Rolling out of the foot

Question 40

Supination (forearm)

Answer 40

Turning palm forwards

Question 41

Dorsiflexion ankle-foot

Answer 41

Bringing top of the foot up towards the shin/flexing the foot

Question 42

Plantar flexion (ankle foot)

Answer 42

Bringing the bottom of foot downwards/pointing the foot

Question 43

Horizontal adduction (shoulder)

Answer 43

Movement toward midline in horizontal plane with the arm at shoulder height

Question 44

Horizontal abduction (shoulder)

Answer 44

Movement away from midline in a horizontal plane with the arm at shoulder height