Anatomy

Question 1

Buccinator

Answer 1

Assists in chewing; assists the muscles of mastication

Question 2

What nerve are the muscles of facial expression innervated by

Answer 2

7th (VII) facial nerve, blood supply from facial artery

Question 3

Muscles of mastication and innervation

Answer 3

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, innervated by mandibular division of 5th cranial nerve (V3) with blood supply from maxillary artery

Question 4

What can become enlarged in patients who habitually clench or grind (bruxism)

Answer 4

Masseter

Question 5

What muscle of mastication is most likely affected by direct trauma to the TMJ

Answer 5

Lateral pterygoid

Question 6

Action of suprahyoid and infrahyoid

Answer 6

Supra: Swallowing
Infra: Swallowing and speech

Question 7

Intrinsic vs extrinsic

Answer 7

Intrinsic: Shapes the tongue
Extrinsic: Movement (geniglossus protrudes, styloglossus retracts, hyoglossis depresses)

Question 8

Action of pulmonary artery

Answer 8

Carry deoxygenated blood to lungs

Question 9

Parotid gland

Answer 9

Most associated with tumors, largest, 25% serous saliva produced, facial nerve passes through but does not innervate it, Stensen’s duct

Question 10

Submandibular

Answer 10

Most common to get sialoliths, 2nd largest, produces 60-65% of serous and mucous saliva, whartons duct

Question 11

Sublingual

Answer 11

Smallest, produces 10% of mucous and serous, bartholins duct

Question 12

The cranial nerves

Answer 12

I) Olfactory
II) Optic
III) Oculomotor
IV) Trochlear
V) Trigeminal
VI) Abducens
VII) Facial
VIII) Vestibulocochlear
IX) Glossopharyngeal
X) Vagus
XI) Accessory
XII) Hypoglossal
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Question 13

Cranial nerves mnemonic

Answer 13

S= Sensory
M= Motor
B= Both
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Question 14

Tooth eruption patterns

Answer 14

6 months- Mandibular central incisors
6 years- First permanent molars
12 years- 2nd permanent molars

Question 15

Hyperdontia

Answer 15

Extra teeth

Question 16

Mesiodens

Answer 16

Peg like supernumerary teeth, most often seen at midline

Question 17

Hypodontia

Answer 17

Absence of one or more teeth

Question 18

Gemination

Answer 18

Large tooth resulting from splitting of single tooth germs that attempt to form two teeth

Question 19

Dens in dente

Answer 19

Tooth within a tooth

Question 20

Dilaceration

Answer 20

Abnormal distortion of crown or root by trauma during formation

Question 21

Hutchinsons incisors

Answer 21

Syphilitic incisors

Question 22

Mulberry molars

Answer 22

Mottled mulberry shaped molars associated with congenital syphilis

Question 23

Enamel dysplasia

Answer 23

Abnormal enamel development

Question 24

Which tooth as a non functional lingual cusp

Answer 24

Mandibular first premolar

Question 25

Which tooth has the cusp of carabelli and an oblique ridge

Answer 25

Maxillary first molar

Question 26

Which tooth has the most prominent CEJ

Answer 26

Maxillary Central incisor

Question 27

Which tooth has a prominent palatogingival groove

Answer 27

Maxillary Lateral incisor

Question 28

Which tooth has the longest root

Answer 28

Maxillary Canine

Question 29

Which premolar has two roots with prominent mesial root concavity

Answer 29

Maxillary First premolar

Question 30

Which premolar only has 1 root

Answer 30

Maxillary Second premolar

Question 31

Which tooth has three roots in which the palatal root is the longest?

Answer 31

Maxillary first molar

Question 32

Where are enamel pearls most commonly found

Answer 32

Maxillary molars in furcation areas

Question 33

Which teeth have very narrow facial and lingual surfaces and frequently have shallow root concavities on proximal surfaces

Answer 33

Mandibular central and lateral incisors

Question 34

Which tooth usually has a single root but is sometimes bifurcated into a facial and lingual root

Answer 34

Mandibular canine

Question 35

Which tooth may have a root concavity deep on the distal surface

Answer 35

Mandibular First premolar

Question 36

Which tooth has a mesial root that is widest and strongest but a distal root that is narrower?

Answer 36

Mandibular first molar

Question 37

Mitosis vs meiosis

Answer 37

Mitosis- Replication of somatic cells (anything not reproductive Meiosis- Replication of germ cells (Reproductive)

Question 38

Enamel histology

Answer 38

Hardest tissue in body, 96-97% inorganic, striae of retzius are incremental growth lines of mineralization

Question 39

Cementum histology

Answer 39

Calcified tissue covering root dentin,, mineralization is most like bone

Question 40

Dentin histology

Answer 40

Forms the bulk of tooth tissue, 70% inorganic , 20% organic

Question 41

Pulp Histology

Answer 41

Center of tooth made up of living connective tissue and cells, primary function is to produce dentin, contains the nerve plexus of raschkow (pain perception)

Question 42

Where is masticatory (keratinized) stratified squamous epithelium found

Answer 42

Dorsum of tongue, hard palate, and attached gingiva

Question 43

Where is lining mucosa (non keratinized) stratified squamous epithelium found

Answer 43

Buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, alveolar mucosa

Question 44

Is the sucular and col keratinized or non keratinized?

Answer 44

Non keratinized

Question 45

Palatal development

Answer 45

Forms between 4th and 6th weeks of embryonic development. Primary palate is formed between 6th and 12th weeks of embryonic development. Fusion is anterior to posterior

Question 46

What is the tooth germ made of?

Answer 46

The enamel organ, dental papilla, dental sac/follicle Enamel organ produces enamel Dental papilla produces dentin PDL, cementum and bone originate from dental sac/follicle

Question 47

Tooth development stages

Answer 47

1) Initiation/bud stage 2) Cap stage 3) Bell stage/Differentiation

Question 48

Formative cells

Answer 48

Ameloblasts= Enamel Odontoblasts= dentin Cementoblasts= Cementum Osteoblasts= alveolar process

Question 49

Clast Vs Blast

Answer 49

Blast= formative cells Clast= Resorptive cells