Anatomy 2: Exam 1 Material The Muscle System Flashcards
(121 cards)
0
Q
What is the total mass of skeletal muscle tissue?
A
About 45%
1
Q
How many skeletal muscles are found in the body?
A
Approximately 500
2
Q
Muscle attachment to bone is made ____ with a connective tissue termed a ____?
A
Indirectly
Tendon
3
Q
A broad, flat tendon is called a(n)?
A
Aponeurosis
4
Q
How many parts does a skeletal muscle typically contain?
A
3
5
Q
The ______ or ______ is the bulky, fleshy part of the muscle which shortens and thickens during contraction.
A
Body
Belly
6
Q
The _____ is the relatively fixed point of attachment of the muscle.
A
Origin
7
Q
The _____ is the relatively movable point of attachment of the muscle.
A
Insertion
8
Q
Muscles maybe named for the particular type of ____ that they produce upon contraction.
A
Action
9
Q
____ is a muscle that decreases the angle between the 2 body parts, whereas an ____ is a muscle that increases the angle between 2 body parts.
A
Flexion
Extension
10
Q
A(n)____ is a muscle which pulls a body part away from the median plane, whereas a(n) ____ is a muscle that pulls a body part toward the median plane.
A
Abduction
Adduction
11
Q
____ is a muscle which turns the palm of the hand posteriorly (out of anatomical position), whereas ____ is a muscle that turns the palm of the hand anteriorly (back into anatomical position.)
A
Pronation
Supination
12
Q
____ implies a turning outward or inside out, whereas ___ means to draw inward or outside in. (Note the feet are initially positioned in an inverted position.)
A
Eversion
Inversion
13
Q
____is a muscle that narrows or binds a vessel, opening or passageway, whereas ____ is a muscle that expands an organ, vessel, or orifice.
A
Constriction
Dilation
14
Q
____ is a muscles that raises a particular body part or organ, and ____ is a muscle that lowers a part of the body.
A
Elevation
Depression
15
Q
This muscle action has no antagonistic muscle action, but rather refers to the turning of a bone about its long axis, as when you shake your head no.
A
Rotation
16
Q
____is movement such that the distal end of a bone describes a circle, and the shaft describes a cone. The example of the 3rd base coach in baseball motioning the player to keep running home.
A
Circumduction
17
Q
Deltoid is what shape?
A
Triangular
18
Q
Quadratus is what shape?
A
Four sided
19
Q
Trapezius is what shape?
A
Trapezoid
20
Q
Orbicularis is what shape?
A
Circular
sphincter muscles
21
Q
Platysma means what?
A
Flat
22
Q
Vastus means what?
A
Large
23
Q
Rectus means what?
A
Straight
24
What is the name pertaining to the location between the ribs?
Intercostal
25
____ is the location for the facial cheeks.
Buccinator
26
____ is the circular shaped muscle of the mouth.
Orbicularis Oris
27
____ is the circular shaped muscle of the eye.
Orbicularis Oculi
28
The muscles of facial expression lie superficially in relationship to the muscles of mastication, which lie deep is the definition of what?
Superficial VS. Deep
29
____ are the muscles of the arm.
Brachii
30
Muscles of the thigh are known as ____?
Femoris
31
The fibers of this muscle found in the ventral abdominal wall form a "V."
External Oblique
32
The fibers of this muscle located just beneath the external oblique, form a /\ which is also known as a Teepee.
Internal Oblique
33
____ is the innermost of the muscles of the ventral abdominal wall, it's fibers go transversely (horizontally.)
Transversus Abdominus
34
A ____ muscle decreases the angle between two body parts.
Flexion
35
A(n)____ muscle pulls a body part away from the median plane.
Abduction
36
A ____ muscle turns the palm of the hand posteriorly (out of anatomical position.)
Pronation
37
____ implies a turning outward or inside out.
Eversion
38
A ____ muscle narrows or binds a vessel, opening or passageway.
Constriction
39
A(n) ____ muscle raises a particular body part or organ.
Elevation
40
A(n) ____ muscle increases the angle between two body parts.
Extension
41
A(n) ____ muscle pulls a body part towards the median plane.
Adduction
42
____ is the turning of the palm anteriorly (back into anatomical position.)
Supination
43
A(n) ____ muscle draws inward or inside out.
Inversion
44
A ____ muscle expands an organ, vessel, or orifice.
Dilation.
45
A ____ muscle lowers a part.
Depression
46
Pectoralis major means ___, and are ____ muscles
Large
Breast
47
Pectoralis minor means ____, and are ____ muscles?
Small
Breast
48
Gluteus maximus means ____, and is the ____?
Large
Top or most superficial butt muscle
49
Gluteus medius means____, and is the ____?
Medium
Butt muscle just below the Maximus
50
Gluteus minimus means ____, and is the ____?
Small
Butt muscle just below the medius
51
Adductor magnus means____, and is ____ which is the boundary of the femoral triangle.
Large
Upper thigh
52
Adductor brevis means ____, and is the ____?
Short or Small
Upper thigh
53
Gastrocnemius a ____ muscle is large in terms of size
Calf
54
____ cause goosebumps; and are small in terms of size.
Arrector pili muscles
55
What muscle elevates the eyebrows; and draws the scalp backwards?
Occipitofrontalis
56
Is a broad flat tendon that attaches occipital portion to the frontal is portion.
Galea Aponeurotica
57
This muscle is known as the chewers muscle.
Masseter
58
The fan shaped muscle on the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Helps to close the mandible as well as protrude the mandible.
Temporalis
59
A head muscle, helps to open the jaw and move the jaw from side to side.
Lateral and Medial Pterygoid
60
A neck muscle named by its shape the ____ is the thin flat muscle of the neck; depresses the mandible and tenses the skin of the neck.
Platysma
61
A neck muscle named by its pointe of attachment the ____ is a strap like bone that depresses and lowers the hyoid.
Omohyoid.
62
A neck muscle named by its points of attachment the ____ muscle that rotates the head in the direction of no; also forms the the lateral boundary of the anterior cervicle triangle; serves as the anatomical guide to raise the common carotid arteries and internal jugular vein.
Sternocleidomastoid
63
Diamond shaped back muscle of the upper back, used to shrug the shoulders
Trapezius
64
Large flat back muscle of the lower back
Latissimus Dorsi
65
Largest chest muscle in the upper chest region the ____; used to flex and adduct the arm, or draw the upper extremities medially. Helps to perform the Crab.
Pectoralis Major
66
Draws ribs together; the outermost muscle muscle between the ribs.
External Intercostal
67
Draws the ribs together; inner most muscles between the ribs.
Internal intercostals
68
Listed going from outermost to innermost; or most deep.
Anterolateral Wall
69
An anterolateral wall muscle found in ventral abdominal wall nearest skin, fibers of this muscle forms a "V"
External Oblique
70
An anterolateral wall muscle found in the ventral abdominal wall below external oblique, fibers of this muscle forms a teepee.
Internal oblique
71
An anterolatereal wall muscle innermost muscle of ventral abdominal wall, fibers go transversely or horizontally
Transversus Abdominus
72
Toward the front; midline under abdomen
Anteromedial Wall
73
An antormedial wall muscle named by direction and location the straight muscle of the abdominal region the ____ is the major muscle used in sit ups.
Rectus Abdominus
74
An Anteromedial wall muscle ____ is the muscle used as the anatomical guide to raise the iliac artery in autopsy cases.
Psoas Major
75
The major muscle of breathing is the ____.
Diaphragm or phrenic muscle
76
The opening in which the esophagus passes is known as____?
Esophageal orifice
77
The opening in which the largest artery the aorta passes is known as ____?
Aortic orifice
78
What is the largest artery of the body?
Aorta
79
The opening for the inferior vena cave or IVC the largest vein in the body is known as ____?
Inferior Vena Cava orifice
80
Named by its location, ____ is the largest vein in the body?
Inferior Vena Cava
81
____ is the limit to separate the Axillary artery from the brachial artery, adducts and rotates medically the arm.
Teres Major
82
Known as your guns, ____ is the guide for the brachial artery.
Biceps brachaii
83
____ is used as the guide for the Axillary artery.
Corabrachialis
84
The only posterior muscle in the arm is the ____ and it extends the arm and forearm.
Triceps Brachaii
85
The three muscles ____,____, and ____ are the anterior muscles of the arm, and they flex the arm and forearm.
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
86
Listed medial to lateral, function of all is to flex and pronate the hands is the ____.
Ventral aspect
87
____ flexes and cups the hand, most medial.
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
88
____ flexes and pronates the arm; used to raise the radial artery
Flexor Carpi radialis
89
____ lies most prominent and lies medial to the middle of the wrist.
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
90
____ is the triangular shaped muscle that aides in the abduction of the arm; gives the arm roundness and firmness
Deltoid
91
As a group, ____ aid in the extension and supination of the hand. "Popeye's Muscle"
Brachioradialis
92
Largest muscle in the gluteus region; ____ abducts and extends the thigh.
Gluteus Maximus
93
Forms the lateral boundary of the femoral triangle, the ____ is the longest muscle used to cross the legs. Also know as the "tailor's muscle"
Sartorius
94
____ The most anterior head of the quadricep femoris; straight
Rectus femoris
95
____ is the most lateral head of the quadricep femoris; named by shape it is large.
Vastus lateralis
96
Most medial head of the quadriceps, the ____ is a large muscle.
Vastus medialis
97
____ is the largest muscle in the quadricep femoris; located between the lateralis and medialis, and posterior of the rectus femoris.
Vastus intermedius
98
____ is the 4 headed muscle in the thigh region on the front side.
Quadriceps femoris
99
Longest adductor muscle; the ____ serves as the medial boundary of the femoral triangle.
Adductor longus
100
Largest adductor muscles, largest of the medial muscles of the thigh; the ____ serves as the anatomical limit between femoral blood vessels above the opening and popliteal blood vessels beneath the opening. This is located superior to the blood vessels at the opening of this.
Adductor Magnus
101
A 2 headed muscle; one of three most lateral posterior muscles in the thigh is the ____.
Biceps femoris
102
____ is used to tense your knee, the tendon of this muscle stands out the most when tensed.
Semitendinosis
103
Most medial muscle of the posterior thigh is ____?
Semimembranosus
104
The toe dancer's muscle ____ is a large calf muscle.
Gastrocnemius
105
___ is planter flexion, points the toe downwards.
Soleus
106
The only anterior muscle of the leg and, largest most medial bone of the leg is ____?
Tibialis anterior
107
Walking on the balls of the feet is known as ____.
Dorsiflexion
108
To walk tiptoed is ____?
Plantar flexion
109
____ is the study of muscles.
Myology
110
The ____ muscle is slightly striated; and moves involuntary.
Cardiac "heart"
111
The smooth or ____ muscle is made up of a single nucleus, and moves involuntary.
Visceral
112
The ____ muscle is a striated muscle and moves voluntary with several nucleases
Skeletal
113
The fan shaped muscle ____ on the squamous portion of the temporal bone. It helps to close and protrude the mandible.
Temporalis
114
The ____ helps to OPEN the jaw, and move it from side to side
Lateral (external) pterygoid
115
The ____ helps to CLOSE the jaw and move it from side to side.
Medial (internal) pterygoid
116
The purpose of the external obliques, internal obliques, and the tranversus abdominus is to ____ the abdominal wall.
Twist
117
The ulnar artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor Digitorum superficialis at the level of the wrist.
Medial
118
The radial artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor Carpi radialis muscle at the level of the wrist.
Lateral
119
The longest division of the aortic artery is the ____ aorta.
Descending
120
The ulnar artery lies ____ to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle at the wrist level.
Lateral
