Anatomy Flashcards by Shaunte Moore

Known as the SITS muscles and muscles of the rotator cuff

Teres Minor and Infraspinatus perform sthe same action of lat rotate, abdduct and stablizing the shoulder, p.75

supraspinatus,infraspinatus,teres minor and subscapularis

SITS

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A: adduct/elevate/downward rotation of scapula
O: spinous process t2-t5;c7-t1
I; medial border of scapula between the spin, upper port of medial border of scapula

Rhomboids

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A:Extend the head and neck, lat flex head neck, rotate head and neck elevate scapula, retracts, stablize adduct the scapula elevation and depression of the scapula
O: Occipital proturberance, nuchal line
I lateral one third of clavicle and acromion spine of scapula

Trapeziusp.69

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well developed in superheroes lies along the rib cage abducts the scapula and antagonist to the rhomboids

A: abduct/upward rotate/depress the scapula
O: external upper eight or nine ribs
I: medial part of scapula anteriorly

Serratus Anterior

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raises first tow ribs, assst in neck flexion; inserted at 1st and 2nd rib, lateral side of neck

Scalenes

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only rotator cuff muscle that attaches to the lesser tubercle of the humerus, rotates the shoulder medially; between scapula and rib cage

Subscapularis

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superficial of the spine
runs from the sacrum to the occiput along the posterior aspect of the vertebral column
includes iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis(Lateral–>Medial)
I love sphaghetti

Erector Spinae group

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located on the lateral an anterior aspects of the neck, large belly with two heads attaches to mastoid process, carotoid artery lays deep, Lord Byron fashion

A: Laterally flex and rotate the head for opposite side, flex the neck and elevation of ribcage during inhalation
O: Sternal head: top of manubrium; Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of the clavicle
I: Mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput
N: spinal accessory nerve XI

Muscles to work:
Levator scapula, scalenes and upper traps

Sternocleidomastoid

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both located on forearm
located on anterior medial side
located on posterior lateral side

Review Chapter 3

Flexors

Extensors

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Six main muscle groups in the forearm

Flexor Capri, flexor digiti, flexor pollicis and extensor carpi ,extensor digiti and extensor policies

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all on the radial nerve

4 extensors create extension primarily at the wrist and fingers

Extensors

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lateral/posterior to the brachioradialis
known as the Wad of Three
A: to the extend and abduct the wrist; assist to flex the elbow
O: Longus: distal one-third of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus; Brevis: common extensor tendon from the lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Longus: Base of second metacarpal Brevis: Base of the third metacarpal
N: Longus: Radial
Brevis: Radial

BRACHIORADIALIS and Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis

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flexes the wrist

carpi

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flexes digits

digiti

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part of superficial layer sometimes absent, runs between
flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris
attaches to the aponeurosis
absent in 11% of the population

Palmaris Longus

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anterior surface of the forearm, tucked b/t brachioradialis and forearm flexors; antagonist to the biceps branchi and supinator
A: Pronate the forearm(radioulnar joint) flex elbow
O: common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronid ulna
I: middle lateral of radius
N: Medial

pronator Teres

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small pronator
A: Pronates the arm
O: medial/anterior of distal ulna
I:Lateral anterior surface distal radius
N: Medial

pronator Quadratus

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located on the lateral side of the elbow; short deep in forearm extensors & superficial to the head of the radius
antagonist to pronator teres
A: Supinate the forearm

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligment, annular ligament and supinator crest of the ulna

I: Anterior, lateral surface of proximal one-third of radial shaft
N: Radial

Supinator

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known as a holster

Flexor Retinaculum

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four short muscles located here
thumb pad
abductor pollicis brevis
flexor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
adductor pollicis

Thenar eminence

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pinkie pad

hypothenar Eminence

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his muscle is responsible for hiccups basically spasms

Diaphragm

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Name the three holes of the Diaphragm

And what are they for?

Abdominal Aorta, Vena Cava Foramen and Esophageal hiatus

Abdominal Aorta-away,

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Attachment site for the diaphragm

Central Tendon

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nerve that feeds the diaphragm

Phrenic Nerve

smallest of the erector spinae group and lies closest to the spine in the lamina groove Only one attaches to the spinous process

spinalis

assist in extension,lateral flexion, and rotation of the head and neck to the same side

longissiumus and iliocostalis

Six muscles located deep to the gluteus maximus and create lateral rotation of the hip -all attach to the aspects of the trochanter and medially to the sacrum and pelvis Piriformis, Quadratus Femoris, Obturator Internus, Obturator Externus, Gemellus Superior, and Gemellus Inferior

Deep Six or Lateral Rotators of the Hip

Fifth adductor lies superficially on the medial thigh is the only adductor that crosses the knee O: inferior ramus of pubis I: Proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon semitendons/semimembranous

Gracilis

TFL, small superficial muscle located on the lateral side of the upper thigh Easily accessible between the upper fibers of the rectus femoris and the gluteus medius, A: flex, medially rotate, abduct the hip O Iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS I iliotibial tract

Tensor Fasciae Latae

``` unlocking joint key that unlocks the knee located in the popliteal space small short belly lying beneath the gastrocnemius weak flexor of the knee ``` A : medially rotate the flexed knee, Flex the knee O: Lateral condyle of the femur I: Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia

Popliteus

ies superficial to the sciatic nerve danger for over compressing it A: Laterally rotate and Abduct the hip when the hip is flexed O: Anterior surface of sacrum I: Superior aspect of greater trochanter

Piriformis

A: Laterally rotate the hip O: Lateral border of ischial tuberosity I: Intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters

Quadratus Femoris

A: Laterally rotate the hip O: Obturator Membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

Obturator Internus

A: Laterally rotate the hip O: Rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane I: Trochanteric fossa of femur

Obturator Externus

A: Laterally rotate the hip O: Ischial Spine I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

Gemellus Superior

A: Laterally rotate the hip O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Medial surface of greater trochanter

Gemellus Inferior

known as the the hip hiker muscle deepest muscle of the abdomen ; watch the kidneys originates at the posterior iliac crest inserts 12th rib and transverse process accessible and workable on the lateral edge

Quadratus Lumborum

I:groove of the humerus intertubular O: angle of scapula, spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae, last three or four ribs, thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest A: Extend/adduct and med rotate the should

Latissimus Dorsi

part of the muscles that attach to the proximal medial tibial shaft along with gracilis and smeitendious Longest muscle in the body L.Sartor, tailor A: Flex, lateral rotate, abduct the hip; flex and medially rotate the knee O: ASIS I: proximal,medial shaft of the tibia at pes Anserinus tendon N: Femoral, L2,3,(4)

Sartorius

lender peroneal muscles are located on the lateral side of the fibula between the extensor digitorum longus and the soleus A: evert the foot; assist to plantar flex the ankle O: Head of fibula and proximal two-thirds of lateral fibula I: Base of the first metatarsal and medial cuneiform *Helps runners with uneven ground

Peroneus Longus

portion lies deep to peroneus longus A:Evert the foot ;Assist to plantar flex the ankle O: Distal two-thirds of lateral fibula I: Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

Peroneus brevis

large,superficial lies lateral to the tibial shaft A: Inversts and dorsiflex the ankle O: Lateral Condyle of the tibia; proximal, lateral surface of the tibia and interosseous memmebrane where shin splits happen here I: Medial cuneiform and the base of the first metatarsal

Tibialis Anterior

A: Inversion of the foot; Plantar Flex the ankle O: Proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula; and interosseous membrane I: All five tarsal bones and bases of second through fourth metatarsals

Tibialis Posterior

Name two rotator cuffs that has a same action

Infraspinatus & | Teres Minor

Single action rotator cuff

Supraspinatus and subscapularis

Actions of the Biceps Branchii

Flexes the Elbow Supinate the forearm Flexes the shoulder

anterior part of the arm

Biceps Branchii

Antagonist for Biceps Branchii

Triceps Branchii

shoulder blade; triangular shaped bone of upper back, helps with movement of the arm attachment site of sixteen muscles

scapula

``` Jaw Bone Body lower jaw Base jaw line Submandibular Fossa on the underside Ramus ```

mandible

Form the center of the face,inferior portion of the orbit of the eye Surface around the nose, and the upper jaw in which upper row of teeth articulate

maxilla

rounded articular surface at the extremity of a bone

condyle

bump above condyle

epicondyle

shallow depression

fossa

small rounded bump used for muscle attachment

tubercles

Tightly wedged together Dorsal surface of the foot 5

tarsals

inner side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the tibia. The lateral malleolus is the prominence on the outer side of the ankle, formed by the lower end of the fibula.

medial malleolus

Superficial to the knee to the ankle

tibia

Lays lateral to the tibia | Bears only 10 percent of body weight

fibula

c5-t1 | runs from cervical region down to the armpit to the arm can result in numbness,tingling or paralysis down the arm

Branchial Plexus

C5-6 sensory, lateral shoulder over the deltoid muscle; motor-deltoid and teres minor muscles

Axillary Nerve

L4-S3-sensory posterior thigh | mostor-hamstrings

Sciatic nerve

Divides the body into left and right Medial and lateral Flex ion and extension

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into front and back portions Anterior and posterior terms used Adduction and abduction happens here

Frontal Plane(Coronal Plane)

Dividing the body into upper and lower parts Superior and Inferior terms used Rotation happens on this

Transverse Plane

Runs down the center of the body dividing the sagittal plane into symmetrical halves

Midline or midsagittal plane

The skeleton's Center | Includes the cranium,vertebral column, ribs, sternum and hyoid bone

Axial Skeleton

``` Composed of the arms and legs Pectoral girdle(scapula and clavicle) Pelvic girdle (hips) ```

Appendicular Skeleton

How many bones in the body

206

How many bones present in cervical vertebra

How many bones present in thoracic column

Lumbar column has how many bones

outer/moveable | proximal/non-moveable

insertion | origin

process of muscles doing like tug and pull method 2 opposing set of muscles like antagonist and synogist

Reciprocal Inhibition

Anatomy Flashcards

(75 cards)