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Pastest/Synap > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are the 3 attachments of the rectus abdominus?

A

Xiphoid process
Costal margin
Pubis

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2
Q

Where are the 3 attachments of the transverse abdominus?

A

Deep aspects of the lower ribs
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fsacia of the lower back

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3
Q

Where are the 3 attachements of the internal oblique?

A

Inferior border of the lower ribs
Iliac crest
Thoracolumbar fascia of the lower back

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4
Q

Where are the 3 attachments of the external oblique?

A

Superficial aspects of the lower ribs
Iliac crest
Pubic tubercle

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5
Q

Where does the diaphragm attach?

A

Sternum
Ribs/cartilage 7-12
L1-L3 vertebrae

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6
Q

Which two cranial nerves are involved in sneezing?

A

CNV and CNIX

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7
Q

Which two cranial nerves are involved in coughing?

A

CNIX and CNX

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8
Q

Where is the isthmus of the thyroid located?

A

Costal cartilages 2-4

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9
Q

Where does the trachea terminate?

A

T5/6

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10
Q

Where is the landmark for the divide between the superior and inferior mediastinum?

A

Sternal angle

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11
Q

Where are the attachments for pectoralis major?

A

Sternum
Ribs
Humerus

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12
Q

Where are the attachments for the sternocleidomastoid?

A

Sternum
Clavicle
Mastoid process of the temporal bone

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13
Q

Where are the attachments for pectoralis minor?

A

Ribs 3-5

Scapula

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14
Q

Where are the attachments for scalenus anterior?

A

Ribs 1-2

Cervical vertebrae

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15
Q

Which CN is involved in vocal cord movement?

A

CNX

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16
Q

What is the rectus sheath formed from?

A

Aponeurosis of the internal and external obliques, and the transverse abdominus

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17
Q

Which type of pleura makes up the majority of the pleura?

A

Costal pleura

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18
Q

What is the name of the tissue that splits the rectus abdominus into smaller quadrate muscles?

A

Tendinous intersections

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19
Q

Where do the anterior intercostal spaces drain to?

A

Internal thoracic vein

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20
Q

Where do the posterior intercostal spaces drain to?

A

Azygous vein

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21
Q

What is the route of the phrenic nerve?

A

Descends through the neck on the anterior surface of the scalenus anterior, descends through the chest on the lateral aspects of the fibrous pericardium, then anterior to the lung root

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22
Q

The anterior rami of which vertebrae supply the intercostal muscles?

A

T1-T11

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23
Q

‘Winged scapula’ occurs due to damage to which nerve?

A

Long thoracic nerve

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24
Q

The trachea bifurcates where?

A

Sternal angle (costal cartilage 2)

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25
In which division of the mediastinum is the thymus located?
Anterior
26
What replaces the thymus in adulthood?
Adipose tissue
27
Where does the azygous vein drain to?
SVC
28
What is the septomarginal trabecula?
A band of heart tissue found in the RV, which carries fibres of the right bundle branch to the papillary muscle of the anterior cusp
29
Visceral afferents enter the cervical ganglia where?
T1-T5
30
Where in the mediastinum is the ligamentum arteriosum loacated?
Left mediastinum
31
At what position is pericardiocentesis carried out?
5th ICS, next to the sternum at the infrasternal angle
32
Which chamber of the heart forms most of the base?
LA
33
In which groove does the circumflex artery lie?
Left atrioventricular groove
34
APs arriving where are somatosensory?
Postcentral cyrus of the parietal lobe
35
APs arriving where are somatomotor?
Precentral cyrus of the frontal lobe
36
Which three structures pass through the aortic hiatus?
Aorta Azygous vein Thoracic duct
37
Where is the transverse thoracic plane?
Sternal angle to T4/5
38
How can somatic pain be described? Where is it most likely to originate from?
Sharp and well localised | From muscles, bones and joints
39
How can visceral pain be described? Where is it most likely to originate from?
Dull and poorly localised | From organs and vessels
40
What is the name of the space used to identify the great vessels?
Transverse pericardial sinus
41
Where is the thoracic inlet between?
T1 Rib 1 Jugular notch
42
Does the thoracic aorta pass posterior or anterior to the left lung root?
Posterior
43
Which part of the duodenum is intraperitoneal?
Superior
44
At which level of the aorta do gonadal arteries branch off?
L2
45
What are the four types of tastebud?
Vallate Filliform Fungiform Foliate
46
What are the three arteries contained in the spermatic cord?
Cremasteric Deferential Testicular
47
Through what does the pudendal nerve exit the pelvis/enter the perineum?
Exits the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen | Enters the perineum via the lesser sciatic foramen
48
Which salivary gland produces the most?
Submandibular
49
Where is faeces held until it is appropriate to defecate?
Rectal ampulla
50
Between which two veins is the anastamosis around the umbilicus?
Epigastric | Para-umbilical
51
What secretes saliva from the submandibular gland?
Lingual caruncle
52
Which CN supplies the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal
53
Where does the superior rectal vein drain to?
IMV
54
At what level is the rectosigmoid junction?
S3
55
What is the arterial/venous supply below the pectinate line?
Internal iliac artery/vein
56
What is the arterial/venous supply above the pectinate line?
IMA/IMV
57
Which two arteries anastaomose on the lesser curvature of the stomach?
L and R gastric
58
Which two arteries anastamose on the greater curvature of the stomach?
L and R gastro-omental
59
Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?
CN V3
60
Which ligaments run within the lesser omentum?
Hepatoduodenal and hepatogastric
61
Where does primary saliva secretion occur?
Acinar cells
62
Which CNs supply the upper/lower oral caviities?
``` CNV2 = upper CNV3 = lower ```
63
What is the other name for the omental foramen?
Foramen of Winslow
64
Where are the attachments of the masseter?
Angle of the mandible to the zygomatic arch
65
Where are the attachments of the temporalis?
Coronoid process of the mandible to the temporal fossa
66
Where are the attachments of the lateral pterygoid?
Condyle of the mandible to the pterygoid plate of the sphenoid
67
Where are the attachments of the medial pterygoid?
Angle of the mandible to the pterygoid plate of the sphenoid
68
The anastamosis at the rectum/anus is between which two veins?
IMV and internal iliac veins
69
The internal longitudinal muscles of the pharynx are innervated by which CNs?
CNIX and CNX
70
The external circular muscles of the pharynx are innervated by which CNs?
CNX
71
What is the route of drainage for the IMA?
IMA to splenic vein to hepatic portal vein
72
Which salivary gland(s) are supplied by CN IX?
Parotid
73
Which salivary gland(s) are supplied by CN VII?
Sublingual/submandibular
74
Compared to the ileum, describe the vasa rectae and number of arcade of the jejunum.
Jejunum has longer vasa rectae and fewer arcades
75
What is the relationship between the common bile duct and the first part of the duodenum?
CBD is posterior
76
Which has more circular folds, the ileum or jejunum?
Jejunum
77
Internal iliac nodes drain where?
Inferior pelvic structures
78
External iliac nodes drain where?
The lower limb and superior pelvic structures
79
Is the spleen intra- or retroperitoneal?
Intraperitoneal
80
What is the level of the cricopharyngeal sphincter?
C6
81
What are the levels of nerves associated with the foregut?
T6-T9
82
What are the levels of nerves associated with the midgut?
T8-T12
83
What are the levels of nerves associated with the hindgut?
T10-T12
84
The anastamosis at the distal end of the oesophagus is between which two veins?
Azygous and hepatic portal
85
At which level does the aorta bifurcate into the common iliacs?
T4
86
What are the main 3 branches of the IMA?
Left colic Sigmoid arteries Superior rectal artery
87
What are the fatty projections on the colon called?
Omental appendages
88
What are the 3 bands of longitudinal muscle on the colon called?
Tenaie coli
89
What are haustra?
Pouches which give the colon its segmental appearance
90
Which anal sphincter is controlled by sympathetics?
Internal
91
Which two structures does the pudendal nerve cause to constrict?
External anal sphincter and the puborectalis
92
What is the anastamosis between the SMA and IMA called?
Marginal artery of Drummond
93
What are the three main areas of the spleen?
Renal Gastric Colic
94
What are the main three constrictions of the oeophagus?
Cervical Thoracic Diaphragmatic
95
Which muscle opens the mouth?
Lateral pterygoid
96
In which section of the gut are the liver and gallbladder?
Foregut
97
At which level do the renal arteries branch off the aorta?
L1

Pastest/Synap (6 decks)

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