Anatomy Flashcards
(45 cards)
What 3 structures make up the diencephalon?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Where specifically does the pituitary gland sit in the skull?
Mid-spehnoid pituitary fossa in the sella turcica
Which structure connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland (+ which part)?
Infundibulum
Posterior pituitary
Which dural venous sinus drains the pituitary gland + what structures does it contain?
Cavernous sinuses
Internal carotid artery + CN III-VI
Where do the cavernous sinuses sit in relation to the pituitary gland and what structure do they form anteriorly?
Left and right sit next to pituitary
Form intercavernous sinus anteriorly
What structure does the posterior and anterior pituitary develop from?
Posterior = infundibulum
Anterior = Rathke’s pouch
Describe the blood supply in and out of the anterior pituitary.
Superior hypophyseal artery supplies anterior pituitary
Inferior hypophyseal artery supplies posterior pituitary
Blood runs through capillary networks
Drains out into the cavernous sinuses
Which cranial nerve does the pituitary sit close to + name of pituitary tumour complication?
Optic nerve CN II
Bitemporal hemianopia
Describe the visual pathway.
Peripheral light hits nasal retina
Medial light hits temporal retina
Signal travels via CN II to optic chiasm
Travels posteriorly via optic radiation to occipital lobe
Nasal crosses over at chiasm, temporal stays on outside
Which structure lines the floor of the cranial fossa + name for cerebllum and pituitary fossa covering?
Dura mater
Tentorium cerebelli
Diapgragm sellae
All sinuses of the … … … system drain into the … … … via the … … of the skull.
Dural venous sinus
Internal jugular vein
Jugular foramen
What verterbral level does the thyroid cartilage span from + name of the structure which connects the two lobes?
C5-T1
Isthmus
Name the 3 structures the thyroid gland attaches to?
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Trachea
Name the coloured cartilages of the larynx.
Green = epiglottis
Red = thyroid
Yellow = cricoid
Blue = arytenoid
Purple = corniculate
Name the main 4 deep fascial compartments of the neck.
Pretracheal
Preverterbal
Carotid sheath
Investing
What 2 muscles does the investing fascia contain?
Trapezius
SCM
Name the components of the carotid sheaths.
Common and internal carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Vagus nerve CN X
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Name the superior and inferior attachment of the carotid sheaths.
Jugular foramen
Mediastinal fascia
Name the 5 components of the pretracheal fascia.
Oesophagus
Trachea
Thryoid gland
Strap muscles
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (CN X)
Name the course of the right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves from branching off CN X to the larynx.
Left hooks under aortic arch
Right hooks under subclavian artery
Both run in trache-oesophageal groove
What key muscle of the larynx does the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply + what is its significance?
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Only muscles that can abduct (open) the vocal cords
Name the arrowed structures.
Trachea
Larynx
Vocal cords
Corniculate cartilage
Oesophagus
Name the arrowed structures of the larynx and vocal cords.
Base of tongue
Epiglottis
Vesibular (false) fold
Vocal (true) fold
Aryepiglottic fold
Cuneiform cartilage
Corniculate cartilage
Rima glottidis
Describe the arterial supply to the thryoid + where they branch from.
Superior thyroid artery, ECA
Inferior thyroid artery, subclavian artery
