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Anatomy Fall 2012 > Anatomy 9.26.12 lower extremity > Flashcards

Anatomy 9.26.12 lower extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Pelvis (connect?)

A

connects the lower limb to the axial skeleton at the sacroiliac joint

connects to thigh at hip

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2
Q

Thigh (femur and patella)

A

connects to pelvis at hip

connects to leg at knee joint

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3
Q

Leg (tibia and Fibula)

A

Connects to thigh at knee joint

connects to foot at ankele joint

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4
Q

Foot (tarsal, metatarsal, phalanges, and sesamoid)

A

connects to leg at ankle joint

forms terminal protino of lower extremity

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5
Q

What is fibrous vs cellular components of a joint cavity

A

Fibrous- also termed articular ligament

Ceular- also termed synovial membrane

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6
Q

What are the associated ligaents of the synovial joint in knee

A

Capsular

Extracapsular

Intracapsular

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7
Q

Capsular ligament

A

Ligaments that are thickenigns of the fibrous capsule or articular ligament

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8
Q

Extracapsular

A

Ligaments that are seaparte from teh artiucalr capsule and outside the joint

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9
Q

Intracapsular

A

Ligaments that are separate from teh acapusle and inside the joint

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10
Q

Eversion movement

A

Elevation of the lateral side of the foot

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11
Q

Inversion

A

Elevation of the medial side of the foot

Invers

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12
Q

What planes do inversion and eversion occur?

A

Frontal plane

Axis of otion is in the sagittal and transverse plane

Axis is similar to teh PIN of a hinge around an axis (axis of motion)

Plane of motion is always permpendicular to the axis of motion

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13
Q

What is supination of foot?

A

simultaneous movement of foot in the direction of adduction, inversion, and plantarflexion

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14
Q

What is pronation of foot

A

simultaneous movement of foot in direction of abducntion ,eversion, and dorsiflexion

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15
Q

OKC vs CKC

A

Open kinetic chain-non weight-bearing- where the forefoot and midfoot move in relatino to the rearfort

Closed kinetic chain-let and rearfoodmove in relation to the forefoot and midfoot

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16
Q

what does Varus mean?

A

bent inward or toward midline of body (positional deformity)

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17
Q

What does it mean to be valgus?

A

means bent outward or away from midline of the body (distal protion that is bent)

genu valgum; hallux abducto valgus

18
Q

What are the three stance phases (Closed Kinetic Chain)

A

Contact Period
Midstance Period
Propulsive Period

19
Q

What is the swing phase (open kinetic chain)

A

Starts at toe off and ends at heel strike

20
Q

Runing vs walking in pahses

A

During walking gait cycle there is a double support phase whereas running gait cycle there is a double float phase

21
Q

What is the angle of inclincaiton in the femur?

A

angle between longitudinal axis of shaft of the femur and longitudinal axis of the neck of the femur (coxa vara versus vs coxa valga)

22
Q

Is bowlegged person genu valgum or genu varum?

A

Genu Varum

23
Q

What kind of joing is the hip joint?

A

Ball and socket type of synovial joint

24
Q

Triaxial (multiaxial joint) is the hip joint

A

Axis for flexion/extension, axis for abduction /adduction, and an axis for medial/lateral roation

25
Q

Wha are the major CAPSULAR LIGAMENTS of the Hip joint (4)

A

Articular capsule,
Iliofemoral (iliocapsular) (Anterior)
Ischiofemoral (ischiocapsular) (Posterior)
Pubofemoral (pubocapsualr) (Anterior)

26
Q

What are the Intracapsular ligamnts of the hip joint?

A

Ligametnum captiis femoris

Transerse acetabular

27
Q

What makes up the hip joint?

A

head of the femur and the actabulum of the os coxae

28
Q

what is the Acetabulu deepened by?

A

Acetabular Labrum (fibrocartilage)

29
Q

What nerve innervates Gluteus Maximus?

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

30
Q

Where do Gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus all originate?

A

Gluteal surface of ala of ilium

31
Q

Where doesGluteus maximus insert>

A

Gluteal tuberosity offemur and IT (iliotibila tract)

32
Q

WHat is the action of the Glut Max

A

MAJOR EXTENSOR of the thiagh (esp. from sitting position)

33
Q

What innervates the gluteus maximus

A

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

34
Q

What is the action of the gluteus medius and maximus?

A

OKC- abducts and medially rotates thigh

CKS- steadies the pelvis during gait (pevents dipping to contralateral side)

35
Q

What innervates the glut medius and maximus

A

Superio gluteal nerve

36
Q

Where do glut min and glut max insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

37
Q

Where do piriformis , obturator internus, Gemellus superior, and Gemellus inferior insert?

A

Greater Trochanter of the femur

38
Q

What is the action of the piriformis, obturator internus, gem, superior, gemellus inferor and Quadratus femoris?

A

Laterall rotates the thight

39
Q

What is the origin of hte Gemellus superior, gemelus inferior, and Quadratus femoris?

A

Body of ischium

40
Q

What is the insertion of Quadratus femoris

A

Intertrocahnteric crest

Anatomy Fall 2012 (4 decks)

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