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GCSE PE > Anatomy And Physioligy > Flashcards

Anatomy And Physioligy Flashcards

1
Q

5 different ways a skeleton is useful to the body

A

. Supportive shape
.protection
.movement
.making blood cells
.mineral storage

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2
Q

What are long bones?

A

Long bones (eg humorous in the arm) are used for larger gross movements

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3
Q

Short bones?

A

Short bones are used for smaller fine movements (eg bones in the hand moving at the wrist

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4
Q

Flat bones?

A

Protect internal organs (eg the ribs)

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5
Q

Where is the sternum bone?

A

It’s in your chest, also known as the breast bone

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6
Q

Where’s the vertebral column

A

In the neck, the spine

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7
Q

Where’s the scapular?

A

On the shoulder blade

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8
Q

Where is the femur?

A

In the thigh.

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9
Q

Where is the humorous?

A

Top part of your arm

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10
Q

Where is the ulna?

A

In the lower part of your arm, the slightly smaller bone.

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11
Q

Where is the radius?

A

In the lower part of your arm it’s the slightly bigger bone

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12
Q

Where is the patella?

A

It’s your kneecap

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13
Q

Flexion and extension?

A

Closing and opening of a joint in your bone

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14
Q

Adduction and abduction?

A

Moving towards and away from an imaginary line

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15
Q

Biceps and triceps?

A

Extension at the elbow, and flexion

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16
Q

What does the cardio vascular system do?

A

Helps transport things around the body in the blood stream like oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients

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17
Q

Why is the cardio vascular system so important in sport?

A

.gives the muscles what they need to release energy to move during excersise
.more blood is moved nearer to the skin to cool the body more quickly

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18
Q

What are the 3 main parts the cardio vascular system is made up of?

A

The heart, blood and blood vessels

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19
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Carry blood through the body to exchange gases and nutrients with the body’s tissue.

20
Q

What’s so useful about capillaries?

A

They have thin walls so substances can easily pass through

21
Q

What do veins do?

A

They carry blood to the heart.

22
Q

How to veins stop the blood from going the wrong way?

A

They have valves

23
Q

What do all veins carry?

A

Deoxygenated blood, except for the pulmonary veins. Thinner walls and less muscle

24
Q

What did arteries do?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

25
Q

What do arrière look lik

A

Think muscular walls allow them to carry blood flowing at high pressure e

26
Q

Red blood cells?

A

Carry oxygen and transport it around the body to be used to release energy, needed by muscles during physical activity

27
Q

White blood cells?

A

Fight against disease so you stay healthy and perform well

28
Q

Trachea?

A

Air passes through the nose or mouth and then passes on to the trachea.

29
Q

The bronchi?

A

The trachea splits into two tubes called bronchi one going to each lung.

30
Q

Bronchioles?

A

The bronchi split into progressively smaller tubes called bronchioles

31
Q

Alveoli

A

The bronchioles finally end at small bags called alveoli where gases are exchanged.

32
Q

The amount of air you breathe in and out during one breath is known as your?

A

Tidal volume

33
Q

Alevoli are surrounded by lots of capillaries giving them a

A

Large blood supply

34
Q

Alveoli also have a large surface area and moist thin walls

A

So that gases only have a short distance to move

35
Q

What happens to your tidal volume when you exercise

A

It increases

36
Q

What also increases when your exercising

A

Your breathing rate

37
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

When the body uses oxygen to release energy from glucose

38
Q

Aerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide +water + energy

39
Q

If the body keeps up with the oxygen demand of its cells it means there’s enough oxygen available for

A

Aerobic respiration

40
Q

AEROBIC EXERCISE definition

A

When exercise is not too fast and is steady the heart can supply all the oxygen that the working muscles need

41
Q

How marathon runners get their respirrpatio?

A

Aerobic respiration

42
Q

During vigorous exercise your body can’t supply enough oxygen. When this happens your muscles release energy without using oxygen in a different process called

A

Anaerobic respiration

43
Q

Anaerobic respiration equation

A

Glucose -> energy + lactic acid

44
Q

ANAEROBIC EXERCISE definition

A

When exercise duration is short and the high intensity the heart and the lungs can’t supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as they cells need them

45
Q

What body nutrients are used as fuel

A

Carbohydrates and fats

46
Q

Definition of carbohydrates

A

The body’s main source fuel. They’re used during aerobic exercise at modeste intensity and for high intensity anaerobic exercise

47
Q

Fats definition?

A

Used as fuel for aerobic exercise at low intensity. Fats provide more energy than carbohydrates but can’t be used as fuel for higher intensity exercise

GCSE PE (1 decks)

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