Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PE > Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

(47 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is a ligament

A

Slightly elastic connective tissue
Connects bone to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is synovial fluid

A

Lubricating fluid within joint
Reduces friction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is articulating cartilage

A

Smooth tissue which covers articulating bones
Absorbs shock allows friction free movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is joint capsule

A

A fibrous sac with an inner synovial membrane
Encloses and strengthens joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a bursa

A

Fluid filled sac found where tendons rub over bones
Reduces friction between tendons and bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Sagittal plane

A

Divides body from left to right
Flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the frontal plane

A

Divides body from the front to back
Abduction and adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the transverse plane

A

Divides body from upper and lower
Horizontal extension and flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the five joints and examples

A

Hinge - elbow
Ball and socket - hip
Pivot - neck
Condyloid - wrist
Gliding - spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do tendons do

A

Attach muscle to bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an agonist

A

Muscle responsible for creating movement at a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a antagonist

A

Opposes the agonist providing resistance for co-ordination for movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the fixator

A

Stabilises whilst the body part moves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is isotonic contraction

A

When a muscle changes during contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is concentric muscle contractions

A

Muscle contraction which shortened whilst producing tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Eccentric muscle contractions

A

Muscles contraction which lengthens whilst producing tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is isometric muscle contractions

A

Muscle contract but doesn’t change in length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Explain the motor unit path

A

Nerve impulse conducted down the axon of motor neuron by action potential to synaptic cleft
Neurotransmitter (acetylcholine) secreted into synaptic cleft to conduct impulse
If threshold is met muscle fibres will contact
All or none law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is venous return

Study These Flashcards
A

Return of blood to the right atria

20
Q

What is stroke volume

Study These Flashcards
A

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per beat

21
Q

What is cardiac output

Study These Flashcards
A

The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle per minute

22
Q

What is diastole

Study These Flashcards
A

The relaxation phase of the cardiac muscle

23
Q

What is systole

Study These Flashcards
A

The contraction phase of the cardiac muscle

24
Q

What does myogenic mean

Study These Flashcards
A

The capacity of the heart to generate its own impulse

25
SA Node
Generates electrical impulse
26
AV Node
Collect impulse and delays for 0.1 sec. Then releases to bundle of His
27
Bundle of His
Splits impulse into two so they can go to separate ventricles
28
Bundle Branches
Carries impulse to base of ventricle
29
Purkyne fibers
Distribute through walls causing contractions
30
Example of slow oxidative muscle fibre type
Marathon runner
31
Example of fast oxidative glycolytic muscle fiver types
800m runner
32
Example of fast glycolytic muscle fiber types
100m runner
33
Blood pathway in the heart
Blood into right atria and then through valves to right ventricle Out the pulmonary artery to the lungs Back through the pulmonary vein into the left atria and through the valves to the left ventricle Out the aorta to the rest of the body
34
Calculation for Heart rate
220-age
35
What is Starlings law
Increased venous return leads to an increase stoke volume, due to an increase stretch of the ventricle walls and therefore force of contraction
36
What are chemoreceptors
Detects chemical changes in the blood stream eg lactic acid
37
What are proprioceptors
Detect movement in the body found in muscles, tendons and joints
38
What are Baroreceptors
Detect an increase in blood pressure
39
What are types of Intrinsic control
Temperature - changes will affect viscosity (thickness) of the blood Venous return - changes will affect the stretch in the ventricle walls
40
What is Hormonal control
Adrenaline - released from the adrenal gland increase force of ventricular contractions and increasing speed of electrical activity in the heart
41
What is the CCC
Control centre in the medulla oblongata responsible for heart rate regulation
42
What is sympathetic nervous system
Path of the auto nervous system responsible for increasing heart rate (during exercise)
43
Parasympathetic nervous system
Part of the auto nervous system responsible for drafting heath rate (after exercise / recovery phase)
44
Vasodilate
Widening of the artery
45
Vasoconstrict
Narrowing of the artery
46
Blood percentages
45% cells 55% plasma
47
What does blood do
Transport oxygen and nutrients to the body and to fight diseases

PE (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions