Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulatory System

Question 1

Primary factor for production of blood cells.

Answer 1

Bone Marrow

Question 2

Sites for the production of blood cells.

Answer 2

Lymph nodes, Thymus, and Spleen

Question 3

An adult body that weighs about 68kg or 150lbs. contains approximately 5 liters of blood. True or False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

45 percent of blood are consists of _________

Answer 4

formed cellular elements

Question 5

Contain antigens on the surface that determine the individual’s blood type and a variety of other factors specific to that individual

Answer 5

erythrocytes

Question 6

Form into blast cells, maturing through several stages until they are released into the blood as mature cells.

Answer 6

leukocytes

Question 7

They are fragments of cells that break off from a large cell metamegakaryocyte, which is found in the bone marrow.

Answer 7

Thrombocytes

Question 8

55 percent of blood are consists of _________

Answer 8

Plasma

Question 9

Antibodies that can react with antigens foreign to the individual are found in the patient’s plasma. True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

When the blood is removed from the body, the blood clots, and the liquid portion is called ___________.

Answer 10

serum

Question 11

The blood cells begin their formation in the bone marrow and lymph nodes as undifferentiated hematopoietic stem cells. True or False

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Formation of blood cells.

Answer 12

hematopoiesis

Question 13

Holds oxygen molecules that were absorbed through the membrane as the erythrocytes passed through the lungs.

Answer 13

Hemoglobin

Question 14

The process of determining if a person will react after a transfusion.

Answer 14

Type and cross-match (T&C)

Question 15

Classifies WBCs according to the percentage of cell types and part of a complete blood cell count (CBC).

Answer 15

White blood cell differential count

Question 16

Calculations involving the hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBCs.

Answer 16

Indices of the RBC

Question 17

Have a thick wall that helps it withstand the pressure of the pumping heart.

Answer 17

Arteries

Question 18

When the body gets warm, the capillaries in the extremities dilate (enlarge in diameter) and let off heat. This process then cools the body. True or False

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Let the blood pass through but closes if the blood tries to flow backward.

Answer 19

Valves

Question 20

Constantly expanding and contracting and therefore have a thicker, stronger wall.

Answer 20

Arteries

Question 21

The clot contains all the formed elements intertwined together in a _________.

Answer 21

fibrin mass

Question 22

Blood that is flowing though the body contains a protein called ____________.

Answer 22

fibrinogen

Question 23

Once the blood leaves the body, the fibrinogen turns into __________.

Answer 23

fibrin

Question 24

This fibrin is like a sticky spider web and traps the formed elements into the fibrin mass, which is called a _______.

Answer 24

clot

Question 25

Tospeedtheremovalofthe serum, an instrument called a ___________ spins the blood.

Answer 25

centrifuge

Question 26

The carriers in the centrifuge must be balanced and assume a horizontal position to push the blood clot to the bottom of the tube. True or False

Answer 26

True

Question 27

A chemical substance that prevents the blood from clotting by preventing the fibrinogen from converting to fibrin.

Answer 27

Anticoagulant

Question 28

A thin layer that contains a mixture of leukocytes and thrombocytes

Answer 28

buffy coat

Question 29

Responsibleforoxygenatingthe blood by pumping it to the lungs

Answer 29

Right ventricle

Question 30

Has the task of pumping blood to all parts of the body.

Answer 30

Left ventricle

Question 31

A muscular wall that divides the right and left sides of the heart.

Answer 31

Septum

Question 32

Muscle of the heart itself

Answer 32

Myocardium

Question 33

It supplies oxygen to the surface of the heart.

Answer 33

Coronary Arteries

Question 34

Ifoneormoreofthesecoronary arteries become occluded, the myocardium in that area of the heart dies and a ___________ or heart attack results.

Answer 34

myocardial infarction

Question 35

Control the pumping action of the heart.

Answer 35

electrical stimuli

Question 36

The heart is contracted

Answer 36

systolic pressure

Question 37

Heart is relaxed between beats.

Answer 37

diastolic pressure

Question 38

Used to measure blood pressure

Answer 38

Sphygmomanometer

Question 39

Normal blood pressure

Answer 39

120/80

Question 40

What are the veins that can be used by phlebotomists?

Answer 40

● Antecubital fossa (bend of the arm) ● The back of the hand ● The wrist ● The ankle or foot

Question 41

Form an M-or H-shaped pattern on the arm.

Answer 41

Antecubital fossa

Question 42

Forms a bridged pathway | between cephalic and basilic veins and used most of the time

Answer 42

median cubital vein

Question 43

Second choice for venipuncture. Along the thumb side of the arm. Not prone to rolling, but it is slightly more difficult to feel

Answer 43

Cephalic vein

Question 44

The third choice for venipuncture. More difficult to feel and has a tendency to roll. It should be approached with caution.

Answer 44

Basilic vein

Question 45

Underlying the basilic vein is the brachial artery and median cutaneous nerve. True or False

Answer 45

True

Question 46

A physician’s permission is needed before drawing blood from the veins of the legs and feet. True or False

Answer 46

True

Question 47

What is the function of the coronary arteries?

Answer 47

Supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle

Question 48

Which of the following is referred to as the “pacemaker” of the heart? a. Purkinje fibers b. Bundle of His c. Sinoatrial node d. AV node

Answer 48

c. Sinoatrial node

Question 49

Which of the following does not carry oxygenated blood? a. Pulmonary vein b. Pulmonary artery c. Aorta d. All of the above

Answer 49

b. Pulmonary artery

Question 50

The ventricles of the heart are principally responsible for a. Receiving blood b. Pumping blood c. Portal circulation d. Lubrication

Answer 50

b. Pumping blood

Question 51

Blood returns to the heart from the lungs into the a. Right atrium b. Pulmonary artery c. Left atrium d. Aorta

Answer 51

c. Left atrium

Question 52

The main function of the circulatory system is to provide a. Transportation b. Protection c. Elimination d. Absorption

Answer 52

a. Transportation

Question 53

The fluid portion of the blood after clotting has taken place is called a. Serum b. Plasma c. Erythrocytes d. The buffy coat

Answer 53

a. Serum

Question 54

The fluid portion of the whole blood that contains fibrinogen is called a. Serum b. Plasma c. Erythrocytes d. The buffy coat

Answer 54

b. Plasma

Question 55

The difference between plasma and serum is a. Plasma is only found inside the body b. Serum contains fibrinogen; plasma does not c. Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not d. Serum comes from anticoagulated blood; plasma does not

Answer 55

c. Plasma contains fibrinogen; serum does not

Question 56

The buffy coat consists of a. Leukocytes and plasma b. Erythrocytes and leukocytes c. Leukocytes only d. Leukocytes and thrombocytes

Answer 56

d. Leukocytes and thrombocytes

Question 57

The two components of blood found in a tube of blood drawn without anticoagulant are a. Serum and clot b. Serum and buffy coat c. Buffy coat and erythrocytes d. Plasma and clot

Answer 57

a. Serum and clot

Question 58

12. The formed elements make up about ___ of the whole blood volume. a. 45 b. 55 c. 60 d. 30

Answer 58

a. 45