Anatomy Exam 4

Question 1

What does the superior tarsal plate do and what is it innervated by?

Answer 1

responsible for tone of the eyelid and is innervated by the sympathetic fibers traveling in the frontal nerve

Question 2

action and innervation of the superior rectus

Answer 2

adduction upward movement, CN III oculomotor

Question 3

action and innervation of the superior oblique

Answer 3

CN IV, trochlear N. Abduction, depression of the eye and interal rotation

Question 4

Action and innervation of the inferior rectus

Answer 4

CN III oculomotor, adduction and depression of the eye

Question 5

action and innervation of the inferior oblique

Answer 5

elevation of the eye, abduction, extorsion, CN III oculomotor

Question 6

action and innervation of the lateral rectus

Answer 6

abducens CN VI, adduction

Question 7

action and innervation of the medial rectus

Answer 7

CN III oculomotor, adbuction

Question 8

action and innervation of levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 8

raise eyelids, CN III oculomotor

Question 9

What nerve is responsible for the blink reflex

Answer 9

the nasociliary N from the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal

Question 10

What is the sensory ganglion of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve

Answer 10

the trigmenial ganglion

Question 11

what are the branches of the nasociliary nerve

Answer 11

The short ciliary, long ciliary, and infratrochlear, which gives the anterior ethmoidal and posterior ethmoidal.

Question 12

The infratrochlear supplies what

Answer 12

supplies the skin of the upper eyelids and the bridge of the nose, the conjunctiva, lacrimal sac and caruncle

Question 13

What does the short ciliary nerve of the nasociiary nerve do

Answer 13

It pierces the sclera and is distributed to the ciliary muscle, iris and cornea. It also has parasympathetics that come from the oculomotor nerve (in the edinger westphal nucleus). They synape in the ciliary ganglion and then continue on with the short cliart to the ciliary body and iris.

Question 14

what does the frontal N split in to?

Answer 14

the supratrochlear and the supraorbital

Question 15

Through what bony opening does the facial nerve exit the cranial cavity? The base of the skull?

Answer 15

internal acoustic meatus and then stylomastoid foramen

Question 16

What muscles are supplied with motor innervation just after CN VII exits the skull?

Answer 16

the sylohyoid and posterior belly of the digastric

Question 17

What are the sensory branches of V1 on the face

Answer 17

the supraorbital and the supratrochear

Question 18

What are the sensory branches of V2 on the face

Answer 18

the zygomaticofacial, infraorbital, and the zygomaticotemporal

Question 19

What are the sensory branches of V3 on the face

Answer 19

the auriculotemporal, long buccal, and mental N

Question 20

Where are the cell bodies of the somatic motor branch of CNIII stored?

Answer 20

the oculomotor nucleus

Question 21

the ocoulomotor nucelus is located within the

Answer 21

midbrain

Question 22

where are the cell bodies of the autonomic component of CN III located?

Answer 22

acessory ocuomotor/ edinger westphal nucleus

Question 23

the acessory oculomotor nucleus is located in the

Answer 23

midbrain

Question 24

Which ganglion do the parasympathetics carried on CN III from the accessory oculomotor nucleus synapse in?

Answer 24

the ciliary ganglion.

Question 25

the targets of the postgnglionic parasympathetics leaving the ciliary ganglion in the orbit reach their targets by travelling on what nerves? what are these nerves a branch from and from which CN do these nerves come from?

Answer 25

short ciliary nerves, which are branches of the nasociliary nerve. Nasociliary is a branch of V1 (opthalmic) from the trigeminal nerve

Question 26

What do the parasympathetics from CN III via the short ciliary nerves innervate?

Answer 26

the shpincor pupillae and the ciliary body which constrict the pupil and focuses the lens respectively

Question 27

how does the eye get its sympathetic innervation?

Answer 27

fibers from T1 - T3 will synapse in the superior cervical ganglion and enter the internal carotid plexus. They then follow the short and long ciliary nerves

Question 28

What are the targets of sympathetic innervation

Answer 28

dillator pupillae and superior tarsal

Question 29

whihc nerve is the only one to arise on the dorsal side of the brain stem

Answer 29

the trochlear nerve

Question 30

what is in the tendinous ring of the eptic nerve?

Answer 30

the abducens nerve and optic nerve (NOT TROCHLEAR), nasociliary

Question 31

where is the origin of the trigeminal nucleus

Answer 31

the PONS

Question 32

Where is the trigeminal ganlgion located

Answer 32

on the petrous ridge of the temporal bone

Question 33

where is the trigeminal motor nucelus located

Answer 33

in the brainstem

Question 34

autonomics from what nerve hitch a ride on the lacrimal nerve of V1? what type of fibers are they?

Answer 34

post-ganglionic parasympathetics from CN VII

Question 35

Where do the post-gang fibers that travel on the lacrimanl nerve originate?

Answer 35

they come from the pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 36

Where do the preganglionic fibers wwhich relate to the post ganglionic fibers traveing on the lacrimal nerve originate?

Answer 36

the superior cervical nucleus in the PONS

Question 37

what is the postganglionic sympathetics action on the lacrimal gland?

Answer 37

vasoconstriction

Question 38

Which branch of the opthalmic nerve V1 runs within the tendinous ring?

Answer 38

the nasociliary!

Question 39

what kind of fibers does the long ciliary nerve have?

Answer 39

post-ganglionic sympathetic and somatic sensory

Question 40

what do the fibers of the long ciliary nerve innervate / do?

Answer 40

the post-gang parasymp go to the dillator pupilae while the somatic sensory go to the cornea and the iris

Question 41

CN V2 leaves the cranial cavity by going through what hole and once it goes through that hole what space has it entered?

Answer 41

the foramen rotundum --> the pterygopalatine fossa

Question 42

when CNV3 exits the cranial cavity foramen ovale, into which space has it entered the

Answer 42

infratemporal fossa

Question 43

which branch is the posterior branch of V3?

Answer 43

the auriculotemporal

Question 44

the auriculotemporal nerve supplies sensory innervation to

Answer 44

the TMJ, the auricle and external meatus, and the anterior tympanic membrane

Question 45

which fibers hitch a ride on auriculotemporal? and from which gangion do these come from?

Answer 45

postganglionic parasympathetics hitch a ride on the auriculotemporal nerve, and they arise from the otic ganglgion. They travel to the parotid gland

Question 46

What nerve (and from which CN) brings the pregang. parasym. to the otic ganglion, whose postgang parasymp. fibers then travel on the auriculotemporal to the parotid?

Answer 46

the lesser petrosal nerve which is a branch off of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 47

Sensory branches of V3 include the

Answer 47

long buccal branch, the lingual N and the inferior alveolar

Question 48

what does the long buccal branch emerges where?

Answer 48

between the 2 heads of the lateral pterygoid

Question 49

the long buccal nerve does sensory innervation to

Answer 49

skin over the cheek , buccal gingiva, and mucous membranes lining the cheek

Question 50

the lingual nerve courses between what 2 muscles?

Answer 50

the medial and lateral pterygoid

Question 51

the lingual nerve does what kind of innervation?

Answer 51

sensory: pain, temperature, touch to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 52

what hitches a ride on the lingual nerve? what type of fibers are these?

Answer 52

the chorda tympani from CN VII which is made of preganglionic parasympathetics

Question 53

preganglionic chorda tympani fibers synapse in what ganglion?

Answer 53

the submandibular ganglion

Question 54

what does the chorda tympani do?

Answer 54

taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and synapses in the submandibular ganglion to then innervate the submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 55

what are the motor branches of V3? There are 7.

Answer 55

deep temporal N, the masseter nerve, lateral pterygoid, nerve to mylohyoid, medial pterygoid, nerve to tesnor tympani, and nerve to tensor veli palatini.

Question 56

the deep temporal N innervates the

Answer 56

temporalis muscle

Question 57

the nerve to mylohyoid supplies

Answer 57

mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric

Question 58

the abducens nucelus is located in the

Answer 58

pons

Question 59

CN VII is made of what types of fibers?

Answer 59

somatic motor to muscles of facial expression, somatic sensory to the external ear, pregang para symp to the lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual, taste fibers from the corda tymani to the anterior 2/3

Question 60

CN VII originates in the _____ from which 3 nuclei?

Answer 60

brain stem where there is the facial motor nucleus, the superior salivatory nucelus (parasymp) and the solitary tract nucelus (sensory)

Question 61

how does the facial nerve leave the cranial cavity?

Answer 61

through the internal acoustic meatus

Question 62

What ganglion does the facial nerve pass through directy after leaving the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 62

the geniculate ganglion!

Question 63

where is the geniculate ganglion located (inside what bone)

Answer 63

temporal bone

Question 64

what innervates the posterior belly of digastric?

Answer 64

the facial nerve

Question 65

where does the nerve to stylohyoid come from?

Answer 65

the facial nerve

Question 66

what are the motor branches of the facial nerve? (there are 9!)

Answer 66

``` Nerve to stapedius posterior auricular nerve nerve to posterior belly of digastric nerve to stylohyoid Temporal zygomatic buccal marginal mandibular cercival ```

Question 67

which nerves run through the parotid gland?

Answer 67

the facial nerve runs through the parotid gland and the common turnk of the temporal/zygomatic, and the common trunk of the marginal mandibular/cervical course through the parotid

Question 68

does the nerve to stapedius come off before or after the facial nerve enters the stylomastoid foramen

Answer 68

before!

Question 69

the facial nerve gives off the nerve to stapdius and then enters what canal?

Answer 69

the stylomastoid foramen

Question 70

what is the nuceli where the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII originate

Answer 70

superior salivatory nucleus

Question 71

the chorda tympani exits the cranial cavity through what fissure?

Answer 71

the pterygotymanic fissure

Question 72

the chorda tympani travels to what ganglion to synapse?

Answer 72

the submandibular ganglion

Question 73

once synapsing on the submandibular ganglion, where do the post-gang fibers of the chorda tympani travel?

Answer 73

they travel to the submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 74

the taste fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue go to the lingual nerve, then on to the chorda tymapnia, then on to the facial n, and then travel back on the intermediate nn to synapse in what nuclei?

Answer 74

solitary tract nucelus

Question 75

cell bodies of the solitary tract nucelus are located where?

Answer 75

in the geniculate ganglion

Question 76

where does the vagus nerve exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 76

the jugular foramen

Question 77

the superior laryngeal nerve is a branch from what nerve?

Answer 77

the vagus nerve

Question 78

explain the branching of the superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 78

it branches into an internal branch which innervates they thyroid membrane it then branches into an external branch which goes to the cricothyroid muscle

Question 79

what does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve go to?

Answer 79

the cricothyroid muscle

Question 80

what does the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervate?

Answer 80

thyroid membrane

Question 81

somatic motor fibers of the vagus nerve, CN X originate in what ganglion?

Answer 81

the nucelus ambiguous

Question 82

what nucelus do the parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve originate in?

Answer 82

the dorsal motor nucleus

Question 83

fibers leaving the nucelus ambiguous head towards two ganglion which are the

Answer 83

superior and inferior ganglia

Question 84

after leaving the inferior ganglia, the vagus nerve will give 3 motor branches which are the

Answer 84

pharyngeal branch of vagus superior laryngeal N recurrent laryngeal N

Question 85

somatic sensory cell bodies of the vagus for somatic sensory are located

Answer 85

in superior ganglion

Question 86

to relay information from the external ear, the fibers of the vagus nerve jump on what two nerves of the vagus?

Answer 86

the meningeal branch | and the external tympanic membrane

Question 87

the cell bodies of the taste fibers of the vagus nerve are in what ganglia?

Answer 87

the inferior ganglion

Question 88

the inferior ganglon of the vagus holds what type of cell bodies?

Answer 88

taste fibers and visceral sensory

Question 89

the superior ganglon of the vagus holds what type of cell bodies?

Answer 89

somatic sensory

Question 90

taste fibers of the vagus innervate what and via what nerve?

Answer 90

the eppiglottis, via the internal branch of the superior laryngeal

Question 91

visceral sensory of the vagus innervates what?

Answer 91

the larynx, pharynx and abdomen

Question 92

the crigothyroid is inneravted by what?

Answer 92

the external branch of the superior laryngeal N

Question 93

what muscle modulates pitch?

Answer 93

the vocalis which is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal

Question 94

what innervates the vocalis muscle

Answer 94

the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 95

major abductor of the larynx?

Answer 95

the posterior cricorytenoid muscle

Question 96

what is the posterior cricoaretynoid muscle innervated by?

Answer 96

the recurrent laryngeal

Question 97

lateral cricoarytenoid m does what?

Answer 97

it adducts the vocal ligmanets

Question 98

the lateral cricoarytenoid is innervated by what

Answer 98

recurrent laryngeal N

Question 99

the transverse and oblique arytenoids do what?

Answer 99

they adduct the vocal ligaments / decrease the aperature of the rima glottus

Question 100

what innervates the transverse and oblique arytenoid muscles?

Answer 100

the recurrent laryngeal

Question 101

the aryepigglotic muscle does what?

Answer 101

i pulls the epiglottis downduring swallowing

Question 102

what innervates the aryepiglottic muscle?

Answer 102

the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 103

the thyroarytenoid muscle does what

Answer 103

it pulls the vocal folds forward, thus closing the aperature, and relaxing the vocal cords (less taut. (recurrent laryngeal)

Question 104

what innervates the thyroarytenoid muscle

Answer 104

recurrent laryngeal

Question 105

the thyoepiglottic M does what

Answer 105

it depresses the epiglottis and adducts the vocal folds