Anatomy - Genitourinary System

Question 1

Kidneys are located in ____ space on the posterior abdominal wall.

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal

Question 2

Name the 7 structure each kidney contains

Answer 2

Hilum, Renal pelvis, Major and minor calyces, renal capsule, renal cortex, renal medulla

Question 3

Where is the superior pull located?

Answer 3

deep to the 11th and 12th ribs

Question 4

Where is the inferior pull located?

Answer 4

A finger higher than the superior iliac crest

Question 5

Which kidney is lower? Why?

Answer 5

Right kidney. Because of the liver’s large right lobe

Question 6

Where/how far does the kidneymove when inspiring?

Answer 6

Both move down 2-3 cm

Question 7

Where is the hilum of the kidney located?

Answer 7

On the medial border

Question 8

The hilum of the kidney is the entrace into the ____

Answer 8

renal sinus

Question 9

List the 6 structures in the renal sinus from anterior to posterior

Answer 9

Renal vein 
Renal artery (2 branches)
Ureter
Lymph vessels
Sympathetic nerve fiber

Question 10

How many branches of the renal artery are there in the renal sinus?

Answer 10

2 branches

Question 11

List the 4 coverings of the kidney from innermost to outermost

Answer 11

Fibrous Capsule - innermost
Perirenal fat
Renal fascia
Pararenal fat - outermost

Question 12

Surrounds kidney & closely applied to surface

Answer 12

Fibrous Capsule

Question 13

Covers the fibrous capsule, surrounds kidney and vessels

Answer 13

Perirenal fat

Question 14

Collection of connective tissue

Encloses kidneys and suprarenal glands

Answer 14

Renal fascia

Question 15

Which covering of the kidney is the largest?

Answer 15

Pararenal fat

Question 16

Where is Pararenal fat found?

Answer 16

Only found in posterior/posteriolateral regions. It is not found on the medial region

Question 17

What is found posterior to the kidneys?

Answer 17

Extraperitoneal fat of the lumar region

Question 18

Name the 5 internal structure of the kidney

Answer 18

Renal Cortex
Renal Medulla
Minor /Mjr calyces (minor come together to make major)
Renal pelvis

Question 19

What is the renal cortex?

Answer 19

Cortex is the interior covering. It has noticable columns (renal columns)

Question 20

What is the renal medulla?

Answer 20

Pyramid-looking part. Starts out wide against the cortex, and ends narrower at the minor calyces

Question 21

What are minor & calyces?

Answer 21

Each renal medulla pyramid narrows and ends at its own minor calyce. The minor calyces all join together toward the middle of the kidney to form the major calyx.

Question 22

What is the renal pelvis?

Answer 22

Toward the middle of the body, a part of the major calyx where structures empty into it

Question 23

Where does the renal artery branch from?

Answer 23

Aorta

Question 24

What are all of the branches of the renal artery?

Answer 24

Divides into 5 segmental arteries-> lobar arteries -> 2-3 interlobar arteries -> arcuate arteries-> interlobular arteries

Question 25

The renal artery divides into:

Answer 25

5 segmental arteries

Question 26

The 5 segmental arteries do/become what?

Answer 26

They actually enter the kidney and are now called the 5 Lobar arteries

Question 27

Each Lobar artery becomes

Answer 27

2-3 interlobar arteries

Question 28

What do interlobar arateries do?

Answer 28

Run down renal columns of the renal cortex.

Question 29

Where does the arcuate artery run? What does it become?

Answer 29

Near the top of the kidney. It becomes interlobular arteries

Question 30

Which renal artery is longer? Why?

Answer 30

Right renal artery. Due to the aorta being measurably closer to the left kidney

Question 31

Each renal vein connects to __. What's different about each renal vein though?

Answer 31

IVC. The Left renal vein is a longer length (position of the IVC), It receives the L suprarenal vein and L gonadal vein. The right renal vein does not receive these right veins

Question 32

Suprarenal =

Answer 32

Adrenal glands

Question 33

What are the 3 arteries to the Suprarenal glands? Where does each branch from?

Answer 33

1. Superior suprarenal artery - from Superior phrenic artery (branches off aorta right above celiac trunk, runs lateral (Superior suprarenal arteries branch), then runs up 2. Middle suprarenal artery - from the aorta 3. Inferior suprarenal artery - from the right renal artery (that comes off the aorta)

Question 34

What innervates the kidney? Where does it come from? What does it do?

Answer 34

Renal nerve plexus. Arises from splanchnic nerves. Mainly sympathetic stimulation.

Question 35

3 constrictions of the ureters?

Answer 35

Renal pelvis meets the ureter At the pelvic brim (At the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries) At junction with the bladder

Question 36

Arterial supply of the proximal ureter

Answer 36

renal artery

Question 37

Arterial supply of the middle ureter

Answer 37

Ovarian/testicular artery

Question 38

Arterial supply of the distal ureter

Answer 38

Superior vesical artery (branch off common iliac arteries)

Question 39

What innervates nerve plexuses?

Answer 39

Renal & hypogastric nerve plexus. ANS

Question 40

What does a stone do?

Answer 40

increases lumen size.

Question 41

Renal cholera causes pain where?

Answer 41

T10-L2

Question 42

This deck is incomplete

Answer 42

Complete it, slide 17 or so and on