Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy > Anatomy: Hip Part 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy: Hip Part 2 Flashcards

(43 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Medial Compartment

A
  • Separated from the anterior compartment by the medial IMS
  • Separated from the poster compartment of the thigh by the fascial plane between the Adductor Magnus and the Hamstrings (no IMS intervenes)
  • Muscular contents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gateways into the lower limb: Obturator Canal

A
  • Connects abdominopelvic region with medial thigh

- Obturator nerve and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gateways into the lower limb: Greater Sciatic Foramen

A
  • Route for passage b/t pelvis and gluteal region
  • Piriformis m.
  • Superior gluteal n. and vessels above.
  • Sciatic n., inf gluteal n. and vessels, pudendal, etc. below.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gateways into the Lower Limb: Lesser Sciatic Foramen

A

-Connects gluteal region w/ perineum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gateways into the Lower Limb: Gap between the Inguinal Ligament and the Pelvic Bone

A
  • Route b/t abdomen and ant. thigh
  • Psoas maj., Iliacus, Pectineus m.
  • Femoral artery, vein, nerve
  • Lymphatics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Femoral Triangle

A
  • Superior=Inguinal Ligament
  • Medial= Adductor Longus
  • Lateral= Sartorius

Contents (lateral to medial):
-Femoral Nerve-Artery-Vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Femoral Pulse

A

Palpation of Femoral Pulse

  • Place patient supine in some hip flexion and external rotation. Palpate distal to inguinal ligament, in-between Adductor Longus and Sartorius
  • Superficial Inguinal Lymph nodes here.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adductor Canal

A
  • Subsartorial Canal/Hunter’s Canal
  • A músculo-fascial canal which descends medially down the thigh and posteriorly through the adductor hiatus to pass posterior into the knee region.
  • Borders
    • Posterior Wall
      • Superiorly formed by the adductor Longus
      • Inferiorly formed by the adductor magnus
    • Lateral wall is Vastus Medialis
    • Roof is formed by the sartorius
    • Contents: Femoral Artery, vein and saphenous nerve.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adductor Hiatus

A
  • An opening in the tendon of insertion of the adductor magnus muscle.
  • Boundaries
    • Medial-portion of the tendon of adductor magnus that attaches to the adductor tubercle.
    • Later- Insertion of the adductor magnus into the linea aspera
    • Inferior- Femur
  • Contents: femoral artery and vein, which then turns in to popliteal artery and vein.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Muscular Patterns

A
  • Muscles of the hip/thigh can be grouped based on innervation
    • Peripheral nerve patterns
    • Root level patterns
  • Muscles of the hip/thigh can be grouped based on function
    • Action on the hip
    • Action on the knee
  • Muscles of the hip/thigh can be grouped on location
    • Compartment
    • Location with respect to the joints.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Muscles of Hip Flexion

A
  • Psoas Major
  • Iliacus
  • Rectus Femoris
  • Sartorius
  • TFL
  • Psoas Minor-secondary
  • Adductor Longus
  • Pectineus- secondary

Iliacus and psoas become the iliopsoas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Psoas Major

A
  • PA: TPs, Vertebral Bodies and Adjoining discs of T12-L5
  • DA: Lesser Trochanter
  • Innervation: Ventral Rami L1-L3(4)
  • Actions: hip flexion, Hip ER, Trunk Ipsilateral SB, Spinal Flexion during Sit-ups, Spinal Stabilzation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Iliacus

A
  • PA: superior 2/3 of iliac fossa; Anterior SI Ligaments
  • DA: Lesser Trochanter of Femur
  • Innervation: Femoral nerve L2-L3
  • Actions: Flexes Hip, externally rotates the flexed hip
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rectus Femoris

A
  • PA: Straight Head-AIIS; Reflected Head- groove on ilium superior to acetabulum, fibrous capsule of hip joint
  • DA: Patella by quadriceps tendon, tibial tuberosity by patellar tendon (ligament)
  • Action: extends the knee and flexes the hip
  • Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2,3,4

-Unique Feature: two joint muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sartorius (Tailor’s Muscles)

A
  • PA: ASIS
  • DA: Proximal medial surface of tibia at pes anserine
  • Innervation: Femoral Nerve L2-3
  • Actions: Flex, ER and Abduct the hip; Flex and IR knee (more so of the Tibia)
  • Muscles that meet at the Pes Anserine:
    • Sartorius
    • Gracilis
    • Semitendinosus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tensor Fascia Latae

A
  • PA: Anterior Iliac Crest, Lateral Surface of ASIS, and a portion of the border of the notch below it.
  • DA: Iliotibial Band (ITB) and hence to the lateral tibial condyle at Gerdy’s Tubercle of tibia
  • Actions: Extends and Laterally rotates the knee; flexes, abducts and internally rotates the hip
  • Innervation: Superior Gluteal Nerve L4,5, S1

Unique Features: considered part of gluteal region, ITB is a very thick tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Muscles of Hip Extension

A
  • Gluteus Maximus
  • Hamstrings
    1. Semitendinosus
    2. Semimembranosus
    3. Biceps Femoris
  • Adductor Magnus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Gluteus Maximus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Posterior gluteal line of ilium, posterior sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
  • DA: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and ITB
  • Innervation: Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5,S1,S2)
  • Actions: Hip Extension, ABD, and ER; assists in stabilization of knee through action of ITB
19
Q

Biceps Femoris

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Long Head-Upper Ischial Tuberosity; Short Head-Lateral lip of linea aspera inferior to gluteus maximus attachment, proximal 1/2 of lateral supracondylar line
  • DA: Fibular Head, LCL of knee, Lateral Tibial Condyle
  • Actions: Flexes knee, extends hip, secondarily laterally rotates hip and knee
  • Innervation: Long Head-Tibial division of sciatic L5, S1-2; Short Head- Common peroneal division of sciatic L5, S1-2

Unique Features: 2 heads, shares proximal tendon with semitendinosus

20
Q

Semitendinosus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Inferomedial aspect of Ischial Tuberosity
  • DA: Medial aspect of proximal tibia at pes anserine
  • Actions: Flexes knee, extends hip, secondarily medially rotates hip and knee
  • Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve L5, S1-2

Unique Features: Named in reference to its long tendon, shares proximal tendon with biceps femoris, forms posterior most portion of pes anserine.

21
Q

Semimembranosus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Superolateral aspect of ischial tuberosity
  • DA: Posterior Aspect of medial tibial condyle
  • Actions: Flexes knee, extends hip, secondarily IR hip and knee
  • InnervationL Tibial division of sciatic nerve L5, S1-S2

Unique Features: Name in reference to its membranous PA

22
Q

Adductor Magnus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Inferior ramus of pubis, inferior ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
  • DA: linea Aspera, medial suprcondylar line and adductor tubercle
  • InnervationL Obturator and tibial division of sciatic, L2-L4
  • Actions: Hip adduction and extension
  • Largest and deepest of the adductor muscles
  • Palpate while patient is laying prone
23
Q

Muscles of Hip Adduction

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Adductor Longus
  • Adductor Brevis
  • Pectineus
  • Gracilis
24
Q

Adductor Longus

Study These Flashcards
A
  • PA: Anterior Pubic Body
  • DA: middle 1/3 of medial lip of line aspera
  • Innervation: Obturator nerve, L2-L4
  • Actions: hip adduction and flexion
  • Medial Compartment
25
Adductor Brevis
- PA: Inferior Ramus of Pubis - DA: Pectineal line and proximal 1/2 of medial lip of linea aspera - Innervation: Obturator, L2-L3 - Actions: Adducts Hip - lies deep to the pectineus and longus
26
Pectineus
- PA: pectineal line on superior ramus of pubis - DA: Pectineal line between the lesser trochanter and the linea aspera - Innervation: Femoral nerve L2-L3 - Actions: hip adduction and flexion -Forms the floor of the triangle
27
Gracilis
- PA: Lower 1/2 of pubic body, lower aspect of inferior pubic ramus and adjoining ischial ramus - DA: proximal medial surface of tibia at the pes anserine - Actions: Flexes and medially rotates knee; adducts the hip - Innervation: Obturator Nerve L2,3 Unique Features: Forms intermediate tendon of pes anserine, most superficial, only adductor that crosses the knee joint
28
Muscles of Hip Abduction
- Gluteus Medius - Gluteus Minimus - Gluteus Maximus - TFL - Sartorius
29
Gluteus Medius
- PA: Lateral Ilium between posterior and anterior gluteal lines - DA: lateral aspect of greater trochanter - Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve, L4-S1 - Action All FIbers: Hip Abduction - Action Posterior Fibers: External rotation - Action Anterior FIbers: Medial Hip Rotation - Action in Single Limb Support: keeps pelvis level (trendelenburg sign) -Limits a lot of valgus movements of the knee.
30
Gluteus Minimus
- PA: Lateral Ilium deep to Gluteus medius between anterior and inferior gluteal line - DA: anterolateral aspect of Greater Trochanter - Innervation: Superior Gluteal L4-S1 - Actions: Hip Abduction, internal rotation - Lies underneath the glute med.
31
Hip Abductor Muscles
- TFL - Sartorius - Gluteus Maximus
32
Muscles of Hip ER
- Piriformis - Gemellus Superior/Inferior - Obturator Internus/Externus - Quadratus Femoris - Gluteus Maximus - Posterior Fibers of Gluteus medius - Sartorius - Biceps Femoris
33
Muscles: Deep Group
1. Piriformis 2. Gemellus Superior 3. Obturator Externus 4. Gemellus Inferior 5. Obturator Internus 6. Quadratus Femoris Only need to know the P and Q
34
Piriformis
Piriformis is the only 1 of the 6 that is superficial to the sciatic nerve - PA: Anterior surface of sacrum at level of S2-S4 - DA: Superior and medial aspect of Greater Trochanter - Innervation: Ventral Rami L5, S1, S2 - Actions: Hip ER; Abducts a flexed hip
35
Hip ERs
Hip Lateral Rotators - Gogo's bellies are too deep to palpate. All insert on greater trochanter. - Gemellus Superior - Obturator Externus - Gemellus Inferior - Obturator Internus
36
Quadratus Femoris
- PA: Lateral Border of ischial tuberosity - DA: Intertrochanteric crest and quadrate tubercle of femur - Innervation: Nerve to quadratus muscle L4-S1 - Action: Hip ER
37
Muscles of Hip Internal Rotation
- TFL - Anterior Fibers of Gluteus Medius - Gluteus Minimus
38
Hip Muscles Grouped by Attachment: Ilium and Ischium
Ilium: - TFL - Rectus Femoris - Iliacus - Sartorius - Gluteus Maximus - Gluteus Medius and Minimus - Piriformis Ischium: - LH of Biceps Femoris - Semitendinosus - Semimembranosus - Gemellus Superior/Inferior - Adductor Magnus
39
Hip Muscles Grouped by Attachment: Pubis and Femur
Pubis: - Adductor Longus - Adductor Brevis - Pectineus - Gracilis Femur: - Iliopsoas - PGOGOQ's - Gluteals- all 3 - Biceps Femoris-Short Head - Pectineus - Adductor Longus - Adductor Brevis - Adductor Magnus
40
Femoral Nerve
- Arises from the dorsal divisions L2-L4 nerves - Passes beneath the Inguinal Ligament, into the thigh, and splits into an anterior and a posterior division - Anterior
41
The Sciatic Nerve
- Descends b/t the greater trochanter of the femur and ischial tuberosity - At about lower 1/3 of posterior thigh, it divides into tibial and common peroneal nerves - This division may take place at any point between the sacral plexus and the lower third of the thigh - Typically comes out inferior to the piriformis - Levels are L4-S3 - Posterior thigh and lateral lower leg - Biceps femoris innervated by both sections.
42
The Sciatic Nerve: Branches
- Accompanied by the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve - The nerve gives off articular and muscular branches - The articular branches arise from the upper part of the nerve and supply the hip-joint - The muscular branches - The nerve to the short head of the Biceps femoris comes from the common peroneal part of the sciatic, - While the other muscular branches arise from the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve
43
The Obturator Nerve
- Arises from the anterior branches of L2,3,4 primary rami - Exits pelvis through the superior part of the obturator foramen as anterior and posterior divisions - Supplies muscles in medial compartment of thigh - The nerve supplies innervation to the knee joint

Anatomy (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions