Anatomy Pelvic Girdle

Question 1

Lumbosacral dimensions

Answer 1

L5 body taller anterior then posterior
IV disc thicker ant then post
L5 Vertebral body widest of all due to weight bearing stress

Question 2

Lumbarization

Answer 2

6 vertebrae: junction b/n S1 and S2, doesn’t fuse

Question 3

Sacralization

Answer 3

Fusion of lumbosacral junction. 4 Vertebrae.

Question 4

Innominate

Answer 4

Ilium, ischium, pubis.

- Connected by Hyaline cartilage until age 25.

Question 5

Ala (sacrum) formation

Answer 5

Formed by fusion of sacral TP.

Question 6

S.I joint formation

Answer 6

Aurical articulations with Ilium.

Question 7

Coccyx consists of

Answer 7

3-5 fused vertebrae

Question 8

Pelvic Inlet

Answer 8

Lat border: Prominent rim on pelvic bone that extends to pubic symphysis
Post border: Body of s1 and Ala.

Question 9

Pelvic Outlet

Answer 9

Inf margin of pubic symphysis

• Inf rami of pubis and Ischial Tuberosity.
• Tip of Coccyx
• Sacrotuberous ligament

Question 10

Greater (False) Pelvis

Answer 10

Superior to the pelvic inlet.

- Considered part of the abddomen.

Question 11

Lesser (True) Pelvis

Answer 11

B/n pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet

Question 12

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 12

Contains and supports Pelvic Viscera.

- Bladder, urethra, rectum, anal canal, reprod. tract.

Question 13

Perineum

Answer 13

Located inferior to the pelvic floor.

• Contains external genitalia.
• Contains external opening for G.I.

Question 14

Pelvic Girdle Consists of

Answer 14

2 S.I joints
2 IV joints
4 Facet joints
2 hip joints
1 pubic symphysis

Question 15

SI joint classification

Answer 15

Diarthrotic (synovial) and Synarthritic (non-synovial).

• Aurical surfaces: Synovial joints
• Tuberosities: Connected by interosseus ligaments by by fibrous synarthrosis (non-synovial)

Question 16

Intrinsic SI Ligaments

Answer 16

Posterior Interosseus
Short Post SI
Long post SI
Anterior SI

Question 17

Extrinsic SI Ligaments

Answer 17

Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinus
Iliolumbar

Question 18

Anterior SI Ligament

Answer 18

Attaches from ant sacrum to anterior ilium.

• Fiber direction: Lat and inferior
• Prevents Ilial outflare.

Question 19

Short Post SI ligament

Answer 19

• Short and thick
• Attachment: PSIS promontory to area of sacral sulcus.
• Possibly limits all ilial motion on sacrum, mainly anterior rotation of ilium on sacrum.
• Tender w/ S.I malalignment.

Question 20

Long post S.I ligament

Answer 20

• Inf margin of PSIS to lowr 1/2 of sacrum.
• Checks ant ilial rotation on sacrum.
• Check coutnernutation: Post rotation of sacrum on ilium.

Question 21

Nutation

Answer 21

Flexion of sacrum

Question 22

Counternutation

Answer 22

Sacrum extension, BB

Question 23

Sacrotuberous ligament

Answer 23

• Attaches from Ischial tuberosity to distal 1/3 of sacrum.

- Checks ipsilateral sacral rotation, sacral flexion, and ilial posterior rotation.

Question 24

Sacrospinous Ligament

Answer 24

Attaches from inferior lateral angle of anterior sacrum to ischial spine.
- May be stressed in sacral rotations.

Question 25

Pubic Symphysis Joint Classification

Answer 25

Synarthroses, Cartilaginous, Symphysis

Question 26

Pubic Symphysis Ligamentous Support

Answer 26

- Sup and inf pubic ligaments | - Check in and sup shear.

Question 27

Sacrococcygeal Joint Classification

Answer 27

Synarthrosis. Cartilaginous, IV disc

Question 28

Sacrococcygeal ligamentous support

Answer 28

Ant SC ligament | Post SC ligament

Question 29

Lumbosacral Joint classifications

Answer 29

Amphiarthrodial | - Facets are synovial and planar

Question 30

Amphiarthrodial

Answer 30

Limited motion

Question 31

Ilial movement biomechanics

Answer 31

Ant rotation: 5 degrees. - ASIS moves inferior and anterior. Post rotation: - 5 degrees, ASIS moves sup and post.

Question 32

Inflare

Answer 32

ASIS moves anterior and medial

Question 33

Outflare

Answer 33

ASIS moves posterior and lateral

Question 34

Upslip

Answer 34

Superior shear

Question 35

Downslip

Answer 35

Inferior shear

Question 36

Sacral flexion movement (nutation)

Answer 36

- base moves anterior | - occurs during exhalation and lumbar extension

Question 37

Sacral extension movement (counternutation)

Answer 37

- Base moves posterior | - Occurs during inhalation and lumbar flexion.

Question 38

Posterior Musculature supporting SI joint | Extension

Answer 38

``` lats glut max hamstring multifidi erector guad lumborum GOGOQ's ```

Question 39

Anterior Musculature supporting SI joint | Flexion

Answer 39

``` Transverse Abdominus Obliques Rectus Abdominus Iliopsoas Rectus Femoris Sartorius TFL Piriformis ```

Question 40

Lateral musculature supporting SI joint | Abduction

Answer 40

Glut med Glut min TFL

Question 41

Medial musculature supporting SI joint | Adduction

Answer 41

``` adductor : longus brevis magnus pectineus gracilis ```

Question 42

Lumbar Plexus

Answer 42

``` Formed by anterior rami L1-L3, most of L4. Braches to know: Femoral n. Lateral cutaneous n. of thigh. obturator ```

Question 43

Sacral Plexus

Answer 43

Anterior Rami S1-S4, L4-L5 - most nerves run through sciatic foramen. Branches to know: Sciatic nerve

Question 44

Lumbosacral Plexus

Answer 44

L4-S2 | - Piriformis can gice you sciatic like symptoms