Anatomy in Obs and Gynae

Question 1

3 roles of vagina

Answer 1

Sexual intercourse
Childbirth
Menstruation

Question 2

What is anterior to the vagina?

Answer 2

Bladder

Urethra

Question 3

What is posterior to the vagina?

Answer 3

Rectouterine pouch
Rectum
Anal canal

Question 4

What is lateral to the vagina?

Answer 4

Ureters

Levator ani mm

Question 5

What is the posterior fornix the natural reservoir for?

Answer 5

Semen

Question 6

What is the outer layer of cells in the vagina?

Answer 6

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 7

What is the role of the stratified squamous ep in the vagina?

Answer 7

Protection

Question 8

What comprises the fibromuscular layer of the vagina

Answer 8

2 layers smooth mm - inner circular + outer longitudinal `

Question 9

Arterial supply to vagina

Answer 9

Uterine + vaginal aa

Question 10

Where do the arteries of the vagina originate?

Answer 10

Internal iliac aa

Question 11

Where does venous return from the vagina occur

Answer 11

Vaginal venous plexus

Question 12

Where does the venous supply from the vagina drain?

Answer 12

INto the internal iliac vv

Question 13

Lymphatic drainage of the vagina; superior, middle and inferior

Answer 13

Sup: Ext iliac nodes
Mid: Int iliac nodes
Inf: superficial inguinal LN

Question 14

What are the 2 regions of the cervix?

Answer 14

Ectocervix

Endocervix

Question 15

Cell type in ectocervix

Answer 15

Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium

Question 16

What is the external os?

Answer 16

Transition from ectocervix –> endocervical canal

Question 17

Cell type in endocervical canal

Answer 17

Mucus secreting simple columnar ep

Question 18

What is the internal os?

Answer 18

Where the canal ends + uterine cavity begins

Question 19

Functions cervix (2)

Answer 19

Passage of sperm into uterus

Maintains sterility of upper reproductive tract

Question 20

What are the 3 parts of the uterus?

Answer 20

Fundus
Body
Cervix

Question 21

What is meant by anteverted + anteflexed in relation to the uterus?

Answer 21

Anteverted - rotated forward, towards ant surface of the bdy
Anteflexed - flexed, towards ant surface of body

Question 22

What is posterior to the uterus?

Answer 22

Rectum

Question 23

What is antero inferior to the uterus?

Answer 23

Bladder

Question 24

What are the 2 functions of the fallopian tube?

Answer 24

Inner mucosa + cilia waft ovum towards uterus + supply with nutrients
SM layer contracts to transport ova + sperm

Question 25

What are the 4 regions of the fallopian tubes

Answer 25

Fimbriae Infundibulum Ampulla Isthmus

Question 26

Which is the widest region of the fallopian tubes

Answer 26

Ampulla

Question 27

Where is the fallopian tubes does fertilisation take place?

Answer 27

Ampulla

Question 28

Aa and vv supply to fallopian tubes?

Answer 28

Uterine + ovarian aa + vv

Question 29

Innervation of the fallopaian tubes

Answer 29

Uterine and ovarian plexuses

Question 30

Which surface of the broad ligament are the ovaries attached to?

Answer 30

Posterior surface

Question 31

What are the 3 main functions of the ovaries?

Answer 31

Produce oocytes | Produce oestrogen + progesterone

Question 32

3 components of ovaries

Answer 32

Surface Outer cortex Inner medulla

Question 33

What structures is the broad ligament associated with?

Answer 33

Uterus | Ovaries

Question 34

What structures is the uterine ligament associated with

Answer 34

Uterus

Question 35

What structures is the ovarian ligament associated with?

Answer 35

Ovaries

Question 36

What is the perineum?

Answer 36

The anatomical region of the pelvis, between the thighs

Question 37

What separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum?

Answer 37

Pelvic floor

Question 38

Anterior border perineum

Answer 38

PS

Question 39

Posterior border perineum

Answer 39

Tip of coccyx

Question 40

Lateral border perineum

Answer 40

Inf pubic rami + inf ischial rami

Question 41

Roof of perineum

Answer 41

Pelvic floor

Question 42

Base perineum

Answer 42

Skin + fascia

Question 43

Neurovascular supply to perineum

Answer 43

``` Pudental nn (S2-4) Internal pudendal aa ```

Question 44

What are the 2 significant hiatuses in the pelvic floor?

Answer 44

Urogenital hiatus for urethra | Rectal hiatus for anal canal

Question 45

3 functions of the pelvic floor

Answer 45

Support abdominopelvic viscera Resistance to increases in IAP Urinary + faecal continence