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Anatomy lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The Saggital plane divides….

A

Left from Right

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2
Q

The Frontal plane divides…

A

Front from Back

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3
Q

The Transverse plane divides

A

Up from Down

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4
Q

What is the movement called moving the thumb away from the hand but still to the side

A

Thenar extension

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5
Q

What is the movement called when you bring the thumb across the hand.

A

Thenar Flexion

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6
Q

What is the movement where you angle the foot inward by bending the ankle

A

Inversion

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7
Q

What is the movement where you angle the foot outward by bending the ankle

A

Eversion

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8
Q

The Primary curves of the spine:

A

Thoracic and Sacral

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9
Q

Secondary curves of the spine:

A

Lumbar and Cervical

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10
Q

What causes the secondary spinal curves to form?

A

Standing

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11
Q

3 types of Scoliosis

A

Idiopathic, Neuromuscular, Congenital

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12
Q

How many vertebrae are there?

A

33

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13
Q

The lamina is ontop of the…

A

Spinous Process

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14
Q

The pedicle of the vertebrae is closest to the….

A

Vertebral body

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15
Q

Describe the transverse foramen…

A

Is the small hole on the lateral sides of the cervical vertebrae

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16
Q

The OA joint is comprised of ____ and does ____

A

Atlas and Occipital bone… Head Nodding

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17
Q

The AA joint is comprised of _____ and does _____

A

Atlas and Axis …. Head Rotation

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18
Q

Spondylolithesis is….

A

Fracture at the Pars Interarticularis that has also separated

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19
Q

Purposeful activity of the Lat

A

Wheelchair mobility

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20
Q

Purposeful activity of the Trapezius

A

Reaching Overhead/ rowing a kayak

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21
Q

What is this movement

A

Thenar Extension

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22
Q

What is this movement?

A

Thumb Abduction

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23
Q

What is this ligament called that has 3 parts?

A

Cruciate Ligament

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24
Q

What is this ligament?

A

Alar Ligament

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25
What is this boney protrusion called?
Odontoid Process/ Dens
26
What is this structure on the axis?
Transverse Process
27
Name these 4 muscles left to right
Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Major and Minor
28
What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi
The Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, and C8
29
What is the innervation of the Trapezius
Spinal Accesory Nerve and the Ventral Ramus nerve. C3 and C4
30
What is the innervation of the Levator Scapulae?
Cervical C3 and C4 and Dorsal Scapular Nerve from C4 and C5
31
The Mesoderm becomes the...
Muscles + Skeletal System + Circulatory System
32
The Endoderm becomes the....
Digestive + Urinary System + Liver
33
The Ectoderm becomes the....
Skin + Nervous System+ Cornea and Lens of eye
34
By what week in Fetal development are all organs structured
Week 9
35
A developing human is referred to as an embryo
3-8 weeks
36
A developing human is referred to as a Fetus after...
Week 9+
37
name this structure
Transverse Process
38
Dermatomes and Myotomes originate from what week of embryogenesis
Week 3
39
The dorsal portion of the somite's proliferates to form the
Dermis
40
44 Pairs of somites turn into how many spinal nerves
31
41
What is at the tip of a limb bud
apical ectodermal ridge
42
What week of embryo development do the upper limb buds appear?
Week 4
43
the upper limb buds appear as elevations of the _____ segments
C5-T1
44
The lower limb buds grow laterally from broader bases formed by the ______ segments.
L2-S2
45
What is this area of the budding limb called
Zone of Proliferation
46
_______ occur where gaps develop between the precursors of the long bones.
Flexures
47
By the end of the 7th week, the proximal parts of the upper and lower limbs undergo a _____
90 Degree turn
48
Name 1 and 2
Pedicle + Lamina
49
_____ Represents fusion of two or more digits
Syndactyly
50
extra digits, typically occurs bilaterally
Polydactyly
51
enlarged digits
Macrodactyly
52
absence of digits
Adactyly
53
“lobster-claw deformity”, typically missing middle digit, typically occurs unilaterally
Ectrodactyly
54
Phocomelia
Shortened Extremities
55
Meromelia
partial absence of one or more extremities
56
disorder in which the two sides of vertebral arches, usually in lower vertebrae, fail to fuse during development
Spina bifida
57
Spina bifida occulta vs meningocele vs myelomeningocele
Just a defect, spinal fluid protruding, spinal cord protruding.
58
What innervates the Rhomboids?
Dorsal Scapular Nerve C4 + C5
59
What are the Rhomboids actions?
Adduct/retract the scapula Downwardly rotate the scapula Fix scapula to thoracic wall
60
Proximal Attachment/ Origin of Rhomboids Minor and Major
The Major attaches at the spinous process of T2 to T5 The Minor attaches at the Spinous Process of C7 to T1.
61
what is this joint?
Left AO joint
62
Name these intermediate back muscles from top (Hint: ribs)
Serratus posterior superior and Serratus posterior inferior
63
What is the Proximal Attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi
Inferior Angle of the Scapula, Spinous Process of the inferior 6 Thoracic Vertebrae, Thoracolumbar fascia, and 3-4 inferior ribs, Iliac crest
64
What is the Distal Attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi
Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
65
Proximal Attachment of the Trapezius
External occipital protuberance, medial 1/3rd of superior nuchal line of the occiput, ligamentum nuchae, and SP of C7 to T12
66
Name these 3 muscles (hint: 3 parts)
Upper Trap, Middle Traps, Lower Traps
67
Levator Scapulae proximal attachment
Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4
68
Levator Scapulae distal attachment
Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of spine of scapula
69
The Upper Part of the Traps does what action? 5 actions.
1. Extend the head and neck when flexed bilaterally 2. sidebend the neck when flexed unilaterally (To the SAME SIDE as the flexed muscle) 3. Rotate the head and neck to the OPPOSITE SIDE of the muscle that flexes 4. upwardly rotates scap 5. elevate scap
70
name this structure
carotid tubercle
71
What is this bone?
Occipital Bone
72
The middle part of the traps does what action? 2 actions.
1. Adduct the scapula ( AKA RETRACTION). 2. Stabilize the scapula
73
The lower part of the traps does what action? 2 actions.
1. Depress the scapula 2. Upwardly rotate the scapula
74
Where do the traps attach? (Distal attachment?
Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
75
What is the distal attachment of the rhomboids?
Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle Minor: medial border of the scapular spine
76
What is the proximal attachment of the Levator Scap
Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4
77
Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of Lumbar Spine?
ear muffs, flat side facing in
78
Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of cervical spine?
ramp
79
Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of thoracic spine?
Flat hand, stop sign
80
embryonic tail-like caudal eminence is present in the embryo from....
week 4 to week 8
81
Name this structure
Uncus of body
82
name these 2 structures
Transverse Foramen, and the Articular facet of the odontoid process
83
C3 C4 C5 Keep you alive meaning S2 S3 S4 Keep Poo off the floor
Phrenic nerve to diaphram C3 C4 C5 Pudendal nerve S2 S3 S4
84
What is this structure?
Capsule of the AO joint

Anatomy Exam 1 (Less important) (3 decks)

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