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Anatomy Exam 1 (Less important) > Anatomy lecture 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The Saggital plane divides….

A

Left from Right

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2
Q

The Frontal plane divides…

A

Front from Back

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3
Q

The Transverse plane divides

A

Up from Down

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4
Q

What is the movement called moving the thumb away from the hand but still to the side

A

Thenar extension

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5
Q

What is the movement called when you bring the thumb across the hand.

A

Thenar Flexion

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6
Q

What is the movement where you angle the foot inward by bending the ankle

A

Inversion

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7
Q

What is the movement where you angle the foot outward by bending the ankle

A

Eversion

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8
Q

The Primary curves of the spine:

A

Thoracic and Sacral

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9
Q

Secondary curves of the spine:

A

Lumbar and Cervical

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10
Q

What causes the secondary spinal curves to form?

A

Standing

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11
Q

3 types of Scoliosis

A

Idiopathic, Neuromuscular, Congenital

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12
Q

How many vertebrae are there?

A

33

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13
Q

The lamina is ontop of the…

A

Spinous Process

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14
Q

The pedicle of the vertebrae is closest to the….

A

Vertebral body

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15
Q

Describe the transverse foramen…

A

Is the small hole on the lateral sides of the cervical vertebrae

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16
Q

The OA joint is comprised of ____ and does ____

A

Atlas and Occipital bone… Head Nodding

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17
Q

The AA joint is comprised of _____ and does _____

A

Atlas and Axis …. Head Rotation

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18
Q

Spondylolithesis is….

A

Fracture at the Pars Interarticularis that has also separated

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19
Q

Purposeful activity of the Lat

A

Wheelchair mobility

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20
Q

Purposeful activity of the Trapezius

A

Reaching Overhead/ rowing a kayak

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21
Q

What is this movement

A

Thenar Extension

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22
Q

What is this movement?

A

Thumb Abduction

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23
Q

What is this ligament called that has 3 parts?

A

Cruciate Ligament

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24
Q

What is this ligament?

A

Alar Ligament

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25
Q

What is this boney protrusion called?

A

Odontoid Process/ Dens

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26
Q

What is this structure on the axis?

A

Transverse Process

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27
Q

Name these 4 muscles left to right

A

Latissimus Dorsi, Trapezius, Levator Scapulae, Rhomboid Major and Minor

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28
Q

What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

The Thoracodorsal nerve C6, C7, and C8

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29
Q

What is the innervation of the Trapezius

A

Spinal Accesory Nerve and the Ventral Ramus nerve. C3 and C4

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30
Q

What is the innervation of the Levator Scapulae?

A

Cervical C3 and C4 and Dorsal Scapular Nerve from C4 and C5

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31
Q

The Mesoderm becomes the…

A

Muscles + Skeletal System + Circulatory System

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32
Q

The Endoderm becomes the….

A

Digestive + Urinary System + Liver

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33
Q

The Ectoderm becomes the….

A

Skin + Nervous System+ Cornea and Lens of eye

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34
Q

By what week in Fetal development are all organs structured

A

Week 9

35
Q

A developing human is referred to as an embryo

A

3-8 weeks

36
Q

A developing human is referred to as a Fetus after…

A

Week 9+

37
Q

name this structure

A

Transverse Process

38
Q

Dermatomes and Myotomes originate from what week of embryogenesis

A

Week 3

39
Q

The dorsal portion of the somite’s proliferates to form the

A

Dermis

40
Q

44 Pairs of somites turn into how many spinal nerves

A

31

41
Q

What is at the tip of a limb bud

A

apical ectodermal ridge

42
Q

What week of embryo development do the upper limb buds appear?

A

Week 4

43
Q

the upper limb buds
appear as elevations of the _____ segments

A

C5-T1

44
Q

The lower
limb buds grow laterally from broader bases formed by
the ______ segments.

A

L2-S2

45
Q

What is this area of the budding limb called

A

Zone of Proliferation

46
Q

_______ occur where gaps develop between the
precursors of the long bones.

A

Flexures

47
Q

By the end of the 7th week, the
proximal parts of the upper and
lower limbs undergo a _____

A

90 Degree turn

48
Q

Name 1 and 2

A

Pedicle + Lamina

49
Q

_____ Represents fusion of two or more digits

A

Syndactyly

50
Q

extra digits, typically occurs
bilaterally

A

Polydactyly

51
Q

enlarged digits

A

Macrodactyly

52
Q

absence of digits

A

Adactyly

53
Q

“lobster-claw
deformity”, typically missing middle
digit, typically occurs unilaterally

A

Ectrodactyly

54
Q

Phocomelia

A

Shortened Extremities

55
Q

Meromelia

A

partial absence of one or
more extremities

56
Q

disorder in which the two sides of
vertebral arches, usually in lower vertebrae, fail to
fuse during development

A

Spina bifida

57
Q

Spina bifida occulta vs meningocele vs myelomeningocele

A

Just a defect, spinal fluid protruding, spinal cord protruding.

58
Q

What innervates the Rhomboids?

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve C4 + C5

59
Q

What are the Rhomboids actions?

A

Adduct/retract the scapula
Downwardly rotate the scapula
Fix scapula to thoracic wall

60
Q

Proximal Attachment/ Origin of Rhomboids Minor and Major

A

The Major attaches at the spinous process of T2 to T5

The Minor attaches at the Spinous Process of C7 to T1.

61
Q

what is this joint?

A

Left AO joint

62
Q

Name these intermediate back muscles from top (Hint: ribs)

A

Serratus posterior superior and Serratus posterior inferior

63
Q

What is the Proximal Attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Inferior Angle of the Scapula, Spinous Process of the inferior 6 Thoracic Vertebrae, Thoracolumbar fascia, and 3-4 inferior ribs, Iliac crest

64
Q

What is the Distal Attachment of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

65
Q

Proximal Attachment of the Trapezius

A

External occipital protuberance, medial 1/3rd of superior nuchal line of
the occiput, ligamentum nuchae, and SP of C7 to T12

66
Q

Name these 3 muscles (hint: 3 parts)

A

Upper Trap, Middle Traps, Lower Traps

67
Q

Levator Scapulae proximal attachment

A

Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4

68
Q

Levator Scapulae distal attachment

A

Medial border of scapula between superior angle and root of
spine of scapula

69
Q

The Upper Part of the Traps does what action? 5 actions.

A
  1. Extend the head and neck when flexed bilaterally
  2. sidebend the neck when flexed unilaterally (To the SAME SIDE as the flexed muscle)
  3. Rotate the head and neck to the OPPOSITE SIDE of the muscle that flexes
  4. upwardly rotates scap
  5. elevate scap
70
Q

name this structure

A

carotid tubercle

71
Q

What is this bone?

A

Occipital Bone

72
Q

The middle part of the traps does what action? 2 actions.

A
  1. Adduct the scapula ( AKA RETRACTION).
  2. Stabilize the scapula
73
Q

The lower part of the traps does what action? 2 actions.

A
  1. Depress the scapula
  2. Upwardly rotate the scapula
74
Q

Where do the traps attach? (Distal attachment?

A

Lateral 1/3rd of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

75
Q

What is the distal attachment of the rhomboids?

A

Major: medial border of the scapula between the spine of the
scapula and inferior angle
Minor: medial border of the scapular spine

76
Q

What is the proximal attachment of the Levator Scap

A

Posterior tubercles of TP of C1 to C4

77
Q

Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of Lumbar Spine?

A

ear muffs, flat side facing in

78
Q

Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of cervical spine?

A

ramp

79
Q

Zygapophysial Joints: Orientation of thoracic spine?

A

Flat hand, stop sign

80
Q

embryonic tail-like caudal
eminence is present in the embryo from….

A

week 4 to week 8

81
Q

Name this structure

A

Uncus of body

82
Q

name these 2 structures

A

Transverse Foramen, and the Articular facet of the odontoid process

83
Q

C3 C4 C5 Keep you alive meaning

S2 S3 S4 Keep Poo off the floor

A

Phrenic nerve to diaphram C3 C4 C5

Pudendal nerve S2 S3 S4

84
Q

What is this structure?

A

Capsule of the AO joint

Anatomy Exam 1 (Less important) (3 decks)

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