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Block 3_Anatomy > Anatomy Lecture 44_Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Anatomy Lecture 44_Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 cranial nerves that carry parasympathetics?

A

CN III, VII, IX, and X

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2
Q

What is the path travled by the parasympathetic nerves

A

presynaptic fibers travel from one of the 4 parasympathetic nerves to parasympathetic ganglia. Post synaptic fibers travel with CN V to their respective destinations

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3
Q

What are the 5 parasympathetic functions in the head?

A

Construction of pupils, Accomodation of the eye, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, mucus membranes

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4
Q

What are the rules for sympathetic innervation fo the head?

A
  • Pre-synaptics from T1 (T2-T3) → Sympathetic Chain
  • Synapse at the Superior Cervical Ganglion
  • Post-synaptics follow internal carotid, then generally following its branches or branches of CN V to target
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5
Q

What are the 6 sympathetic functions in the head?

A

• Vasomotor for blood vessels, erector pili, and sweat glands.
• Dilate the pupil and hold the eyelid open (superior tarsal
muscle)
• Decrease (or thicken) production of saliva in lacrimal glands,
salivary glands, and mucus membranes

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6
Q

What is CN I called? What does it do?

A

The Olfactory nerve. Smell

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7
Q

What is CN II called? What does it do?

A

The optic nerve. Vision

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8
Q

What is CN III called? What does it do? (hint there are 5 muscles)

A 
The Oculomotor nerve.
Somatic Efferent:
• Levator Palpebrae Superioris
• Superior Rectus
• Medial Rectus
• Inferior Rectus
• Inferior Oblique
Parasympathetics:
Short Ciliary branches to the Sphincter Pupillae and Ciliary Muscles
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9
Q

What is CN IV called? What does it do?

A

The Trochlear Nerve. Somatic efferents innervation to the superior oblique muscle

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10
Q

What is CN V called? What does it do?

A

The trigeminal nerve.
• Somatic Afferent: to the face, sinuses, nasopharynx and oral cavity
• Somatic Efferent: to the muscles of mastication
• Carries postsynaptic autonomics to target organs

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11
Q

What is CN V1 called? What does it do?

A

The Ophthalmic Nerve
•Sensory to the forehead above eyelid, orbit, Internal
nose, and the frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid
sinuses
• Carries sympathetics and parasympathetics to the
lacrimal glands, eyes, and mucus membranes

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12
Q

What is CN V2 called? What does it do?

A

The Maxillary Nerve
• Sensory to the face between the lower eyelid
and the upper lip, nasopharynx and upper
palate, and maxillary, and ethmoid sinuses
• Carries sympathetics and parasympathetics to
the lacrimal gland and mucus membranes

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13
Q

What is CN V3 called? What does it do?

A

The Mandibular Never.
• Sensory to the face below the mouth and up
around the side burns, including the anterior
2/3 of the tongue, and the internal cheeks
• Motor to the muscles of mastication
• Carries sympathetics and parasympathetics
to the salivary glands and mucus membranes

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14
Q

What is CN VI called? What does it do?

A

The abducens nerve. Does somatic effernet innervation of the Lateral Rectus (the muscle that abducts the eye)

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15
Q

What is CN VII called? What does it do?

A

The Facial Nerve.
Somatic Efferent: Muscles of Facial Expression + Stapedius, Stylohyoid, and Posterior Belly of the Digastric
Greater Petrosal: parasympathetics to lacrimal and mucosa via pterygopalatine ganglia
Chorda Tympani: parasympathetics to sublingual and submandibular gland, special
sensation of taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

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16
Q

What is CN VIII called? What does it do?

A

The vestibulocochlear nerve.
Special Sensory:
• Cochlear for hearing
• Vestibular for position and balance

17
Q

What is CN IX called? What does it do?

A

The glossopharyngeal nerve.

• Somatic Efferent: to the stylopharyngeus
• Somatic Afferent component to the
pharyngeal plexus, tonsils, and tympanic
plexus (auditory tube, tympanic cavity)
• Taste & sensation to posterior 1/3 of tongue
• Visceral Afferent: Carotid sinus
• Parasympathetic to the Parotid Gland

18
Q

What is CN X called? What does it do?

A

The Vagus nerve.
• Somatic Efferent: to the pharyngeal plexus and soft palate
• Somatic Efferent: to the laryngeal muscles
• Somatic Afferent: to posterior dura, external ear, and larynx

19
Q

What is CN XI called? What does it do?

A

The spinal accessory nerve.
Somatic Efferent: to the sternocleidomastoid
and trapezius muscles

20
Q

What is CN XII called? What does it do?

A

The hyposlossal nerve
Somatic Efferent: to all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
*except palatoglossus (CN X)

21
Q

Review the foramina when you have a minute

A

Better do it before the test.

Block 3_Anatomy (5 decks)

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