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ANATOMY > ANATOMY LT3 - CVS HISTO > Flashcards

ANATOMY LT3 - CVS HISTO Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the contents of the CONDUCTING portion of the Respiratory System

A

These are the contents of what portion of the respiratory system? * Nasal Cavities, Nasopharynx * Larynx * Trachea * Bronchi, Bronchioles, Terminal Bronchioles

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2
Q

What are the contents of the RESPIRATORY portion of the Respiratory system

A

These are the contents of what portion of the Respiratory system? * respiratory bronchioles * alveolar ducts * alveoli

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3
Q

Conducting Portion (function)

A

Which component of the respiratory system: * provides conduit for movement of air to and from the lungs * conditions inspired air

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4
Q

Respiratory Portion (Function)

A

Function: Main site for gas exchange of O2 and CO2 between inspired air and the blood

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5
Q

pseudostratified ciliated columnar cells with goblet cells

A

what type of cells are respiratory epithelium?

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6
Q

Ciliated Columnar Cells

A

most abundant cells in respi very prominent numerous small mitochondria beneath the cilia that supply ATP for ciliary beating

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7
Q

Goblet Cells

A

Cells in respi that secrete mucous, traps foreign substances and are made up of mucin glycoprotein

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8
Q

Mucin Glycoprotein

A

What are goblet cells composed of

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9
Q

Brush Cells

A

These cells are chemosensory receptors–have afferent nerve endings on basal surface and have numerous microvili on apical surface

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10
Q

Small granule cells/ Kulchitsky cells

A

Type of respiratory cells that secrete hormones and are part of the diffused endocrine system Resembles basal cells but with numerous granules with dense cores

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11
Q

Basal Cells

A

(Respiratory cells) functions as generative stem cells and undergo cell division when needed Small rounded cells that lie on basal lamina

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12
Q

Respiratory Epithelium (location)

A

Epithelium that covers most of the conducting portion

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13
Q

Olfactory Epithelium (type of cells)

A

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar WITHOUT goblet cells

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14
Q

Olfactory Epithelium (Location)

A

Type of epithelium: can be found in a specialized area of the mucous membrane in the superior conchae of the nasal cavity

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15
Q

Olfactory Cells

A

Bears cillia which contains non-motile axomeres which serve as receptors receptors for odoriferous stimuli Passes through cribiform plate, then synapses with other olfactory neurons

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16
Q

Supporting Cell

A

Broad, cylindrical apexes

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17
Q

Vestibule

A

Most anterior and dilated portion of the nasal cavity

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18
Q

Vibrissae

A
  1. found in lamina propria 2. thick short hairs with sebaceous and sweat glands that filter out large particles from the inspired air
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19
Q

Conchae

A

Bony shelflike projections extending from each lateral wall covered by thin mucosa improve the conditioning of the inspired air by increasing the surface area of respiratory epithelium creates turbulence in the airflow

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20
Q

Large venous plexuses in the lamina propria. Directs air through the othern asal fossa to allow respiratory epithelium to recover from dessication. Richly vascularized. Direction of blood flow is opposite to flow of air, resulting to warming and humidification of air

A

Swell Bodies

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21
Q

Closed cavities in the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones

A

Paranasal Sinus

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22
Q

Function of Paranasal Sinus

A

Resonance of sound

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23
Q

Large venous plexuses in the lamina propria. Directs air through the othern asal fossa to allow respiratory epithelium to recover from dessication. Richly vascularized. Direction of blood flow is opposite to flow of air, resulting to warming and humidification of air

A

Swell Bodies

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24
Q

Closed cavities in the frontal, maxillary, ethmoid and sphenoid bones

A

Paranasal Sinus

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25
Function of Paranasal Sinus
Resonance of sound
26
Paranasal Sinus (Lining)
Thinner respiratory epithelium with goblet cells
27
Three parts of the Pharynx
Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx
28
Nasopharynx (Lining)
respiratory epithelium
29
Nasopharynx (Function)
conduct, warm and moisten inspired air
30
Nasopharynx (Site)
Found in the lamina propria of the nasopharynx: medial pharyngeal tonsil
31
Oropharynx (lining)
respiratory epithelium
32
Irregular tube connecting pharynx to trachea
Larynx
33
Extends from the superior border of the epiglottis to the inferior borther of the cricoid cartilage
Laryngopharynx
34
Larynx (Function)
maintenance of open airway, serves as valve to prevent swallowed food from entering the trachea, voice, phonation and sound production via folds
35
What kind of cartilage is present in the thyroid, cricoid and inferor arytenoid
Hyaline Cartilage
36
What kind of cartilage is present in the epiglottis, cuneiform, corniculate, tips of superior arytenoid
Elastic Cartilage
37
False vocal cords, upper fold
Vestibular Fold
38
True Vocal Cord, lower fold
Vocal Fold/ Cord
39
Vestibular fold (lining)
respiratory epithelium
40
Vocal Cord (lining)
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
41
What is function of the stratified squamous epithelium of the VOCAL CORDS?
designed for harsh environment to avoid dehydration of its tissue and to avoid abrasion via friction damage
42
Skeletal muscle that regulates tension fold and ligaments and is used for pitch control
Vocalis Muscle
43
Ligament beneath epithelium of vocal cord
Vocal Ligament
45
Lining of the Lingual side of the epiglottis
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
46
Epiglottis (function)
that prevents food and fluid from entering airway passages
47
Trachea (Lining)
respiratory epithelium
48
Number of C Shaped hyaline cartilage in Lamina Propia of the Trachea?
16-20 C Shape hyaline cartilages rings
49
Hyaline cartilage in Trachea (Function)
Keeps tracheal lumen open
50
Trachealis muscle (Function)
regulation of lumen; has fibroelastic ligament for prevention of over distension of trachea
51
Muscle that relaxes during swallowing to facilitate passage of food by allowing esophagus to bulge into tracheal lumen while the elastic layer then prevents excessive distention of the lumen
Trachealis Muscle
52
Relaxation of the Trachaealis: (Increases or Decreases) the diameter
Increases
53
Constriction of the Trachealis: (Increases or Decreases) the diameter
Decreases
54
(Trachea or Bronchus) Hyaline Cartilage arragement: C shaped
Trachea
55
(Trachea or Bronchus) Location of cartilage: Anterior Part
Trachea
56
(Trachea or Bronchus) Hyaline Cartilage arragement: Irregular Plates
Bronchus
57
(Trachea or Bronchus) Smooth muscle characteristics: Criss-Cross Spiral bindles
Bronchus
58
(Trachea or Bronchus) Smooth muscle characteristics: Spanning open ends of c-shaped rings
Trachea
59
Brioncholes (Lining)
Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Without Goblet Cells (there may be a few goblet cells)
60
Chemoreceptors that react to the changes in the composition of gases in the airway, involved in the reparative process of epithelial cells
Neuroepithelial Bodies
61
Clara Cells (Function)
secretes surfactant to lower the surface tension to prevent sticking of the walls of the alveoli during expiration. Also functions as stem cells to replace the injured epithelial cells. For detoxification and secretes antimicrobial peptides
62
Why can't there be goblet cells in Terminal Bronchioles?
Goblet cells produce mucous which may clog the terminal bronchiole
63
Gas exchange occurs at this level
Respiratory Bronchiole
64
Alveolar Duct (Lining)
attenuated simple squamous alveolar cells
65
OPENING of alveoli (lining)
simple cuboidal epithelium
66
Function of Elastic Fibers in Alveolar Sac
Enable the alveoli to expand with inspiration and to contract passively with expiration
67
Function of Reticular Fibers in Alveolar Sac
Serve as support that prevents overdistention and damage to the delicate capillaries and thin alveolar speta
68
Sac like evaginations of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar
Alveoli
69
Separates one alveoli from another alveoli
alveolar wall/Inter-alveolar Septum
70
In between layers of the alveolar wall that is full of capillaries and connective tissues. It is the richest capillary network of the body
Intersitium
71
Function to equalize air pressure between adjacent alveoli and promote collateral circulation of air
Alveolar Pores/Pores of Kohn
72
The cell type in Alveoili whose major function is to produce surfactant
Type II Alveolar
73
Alveolar Macrophages/Dust Cells
found in alveoli and interalveolar septum and its major role is phagocytosis of erythrocytes lost from damaged capillaries and airborne particulate matter that entered the alveoli

ANATOMY (9 decks)

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