Anatomy module 3 Flashcards by Ferdinand Anzo

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed primarily by specialized tse in he ventricles called?

Choroid plexus

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This nerve innervates your sup. oblique mm

Trochlear nerve

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Human peripheral nerve is composed of

12 pairs of cranial nerve nd 31 pairs of spinal nerves

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Lumbar roots below L2 are called

Cauda equina

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Largest commissure that connects both hemisphere?

Corpus callosum

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True or false. Spinal cord grows FASTER than spinal vertebra

False. Slower

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Area of skin supplied by one dorsal root.

Dermatome

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True or false. A patient with stab wound in the neck may have respiratory distress

True. Pwd matamaan un phrenic nerve

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This structure contains satiety center

Hypothalamus

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Total lobes of the brain

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Clonus indicates lesion of the?
A. UMN
B. NMJ
C. LMN
D. AOTA

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Fracture in the shaft of the humerus result to what nerve damage

Radial nerve

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The axillary nerve and radial nerve are second branches of?
A. Ant. Cord
B. post cord
C. Lat. cord
D. Medial cord

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Damage to this area results in paratonia
A. Precentral gyrus
B. prefrontal lobe	
C. Para central lobule	
D. Brodmann 6	
E. Brodmann 8

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This fxn’l map of the motor cortex resembling an image of the body turned upside down and reversed left to right

Homunculus

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Where does spinal cord usually end

L1 or 2

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The back of the face is innervated by

Cervical plexus

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Cranial nerve that innervates your scm and traps mm?

Spinal accessory nerve

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Where can you find the Band of Ballerger
A. Plexiform	
B. external granular	
C. External pyramidal	
D. Internal granular	
E. internal pyramidal	
F. Fusiform

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the inability to recognize no. or letter traced on the body is termed

a. stereognosis
b. graphestesia
c. proprioception
d. paresthesia

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Access point for lumbar puncture procedure

Lumbar cistern

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the body’s temperature is regulated by?

hypothalamus

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Skin on the Angle of the mandible is innervated by
A. Lesser occipital	
B. greater auricular	
C. Transverse cutaneous	
D. Supraclavicular

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hemiballismus is a movement disorder involving the?

subthalamus

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``` What part of the frontal lobe is associated with foresight A. Precentral gyrus B. prefrontal lobe C. Para central lobule D. Brodmann 6 E. Brodmann 8 ```

this type of white mater connects the cerebral cortex with the lower portions of the brain or spinal cord?

projection

Responsible for the dark color of grey matter

Presence of nucleus sent in cell bodies

functional area's main fxn are: conjugate eye deviation, voluntary scanning and fixation of the eyes a. premotor b. primary visual area c. frontal eye field d. brocas

``` In the brachial plexus, there are ____ roots, ___ trunks, ____ divisions, ___ cords A. 5, 5, 3,4 B. 5, 4,2,6 C. 5, 3, 6, 3 D. 5, 6, 3, 3 ```

which descendingtract is responsible for our ability to perform fine motor skills such as sewing and buttoning clothes?

lateral corticospinal tract

``` Lesion to this area results in postive babinski reflex A. Precentral gyrus B. prefrontal lobe C. Para central lobule D. Brodmann 6 E. Brodmann 8 ```

which component of the motor control system integrates sensory information and selects appropriate motor response according to the demands of the task and/ or environment?

association cortex

Where does ventralateral spinothalamic tract decussates

Anterior white commisure

cranial nerves involve in pupillary light reflex

VII, III, II

What muscle does dorsal scapular innervate

Rhomboids

brachial plexus arises from?

anterior rami of C5 - T1

Largest efferent projection of the amygdala

Stria termimalis

cranial nerves that innervate your extra ocular mm

3,4,6

Spinal cord extends to the sacral portion as

Filum terminale

tic doloreux involves what CN?

trigeminal nerve

True or false. Anterior / Flexor compartment of forearm are innervated by ulnar nerve

False. Median nerve. Except flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus

type of aphasia with impaire fluency, expression comprehension, and naming

global aphasia

``` Where can you find the Horizontal cells of Cajal A. Plexiform B. external granular C. External pyramidal D. Internal granular E. internal pyramidal F. Fusiform ```

in anterior circulation stroke, patient looks a. away from the hemiplegic side b. towards the hemiplegic side c. both d. neither

What nerve is damaged in winged scapula

Long thoracic (c5,6,7)

what is impaired in patient with anomia?

naming

Purely motor cranial nerve

Purely motor 3,4,6,7,11,12 Purely sensory 1,2,8 Mixed 10,9, 7, 5

CSF drains into the venous circulation via what structure?

arachnoid villi

Where can you find the venous sinuses A. Dura mater B. arachnoid C. Pia mater

what fxn'l area is affected if the patient manifest hemianopsia?

area 17

``` What part of the frontal lobe is associated with cortical control of bladder A. Precentral gyrus B. prefrontal lobe C. Para central lobule D. Brodmann 6 E. Brodmann 8 ```

most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the cerebral cortex

GABA

Since spinal cord tip is at L1-L2, caudal to L2, lumbosacral roots angulate downward to their corresponding foramina, as the

Cauda equina

posterior circulation of the circle of wllis originate from what blood vessel?

vertebral artery

Thenar muscle is supplied by

Median nerve

increased tendon reflex will be seen on what neurologic lesion? a. UMN b. LMN c. Both d. NEither

``` Where can you find the inverted cells of Martinotti A. Plexiform B. external granular C. External pyramidal D. Internal granular E. internal pyramidal F. Fusiform ```

G.E. a 39 y/o male came to your clinic with a c/o difficulty on performing over head activity and paresthesia on the lateral forearm upto the middle finger, physical examination were done and noted that there's an medial winging of the scapula. what would be the most possible affected nerve root

long thoracic nerve C5 - c7with C5- C7 dermatomal level presentation

Where does conus medullaris end

L1 or L2

True or false R cva will manifest (L) hemiplegia with non fluent aphasia if there's a lesion on area 44?

false. Broca's sa dominant hemisphere mostly left hemisphere ang dominant

Muscles supplied by axillary nerve

Deltoids, teres minor

How many spinal nerve do you have

30- 31 (8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral) Coccygeal may be absent

``` Median nerve is the terminal branch of the ff cords except A. Posterior B. lateral C. Median D. All of the above ```

Where does dorsal column tract decussates

Cervico medullary junction

True or false. Erb – Duchenne’s syndrome mainly affects the PROXIMAL muscles in the uppers limb

True

``` Ansa cervicalis is formed by except A. Hypoglossal nerve B. c1 C. C2 D. C3 E. c4 ```

E Hypoglossal and c1 unite to form descending branch C2 and c3 unite to form descending cervical

Where does dural sac end

``` Skin on the Upper part of the deltoid is innervated by A. Lesser occipital B. greater auricular C. Transverse cutaneous D. Supraclavicular ```

Nerve root of the nerve supplying serratus anterior

C5,6,7

What is between L2 and S2

Cauda equina

``` Point of reference in the cords of the brachial plexus A. Axillary artery B. brachial artery C. Pectoral artery D. Carotid artery ```

True or false. Filum terminale are composed of neurons

False. Composed of glial tissue

Damage to these nerves results to Inability of flexion of the fingers.

Median and ulnar nerve

Pathway of pain modality

Lateral spinothalamic

Pectoralis minor is innervated by

Medial pectoral nerve

Usual site of lumbar puncture

Also known as the accessory phrenic nerve

Subclavius nerve

``` Dura mater encloses what connective tissue covering A. Endoneurium B. perineurium C. Epineurium D. All of the above ```

C. Arachnoid- perineurium Pia- endoneurium

Which nerve in the lumbar plexus emerges from the medial border of psoas

Obturator

What are the branches originating from the upper trunk of the brachial plexus

Nerve to sublcavius c5,6 | Supra scapular nerve c5,c6

True or false. ThE more CAUDAL the nerve root is the FURTHER it has to travel to exit

True

Main flexor of the forearm

Brachialis

``` Subarachnoid block _____, epidural block _____ A. Faster onset, longer duration B. faster onset, shorter duration C. Slower onset, longer duration D. Slower onset, shorter duration ```

True or false. Coracobrachialis supinates and flexes the arm

False. It adducts and flexes the arm. | Biceps un supinates and flexes forearm

Left and right part of the spinal cord are connected by _____ anteriorly

White commisure | If grey commisure- posterior

True or false, there are branches coming from lower trunk of brachial plexus

False. Sa upper LNG meron

Nerve root of the thoracodorsal nerve

C6,7,8. It supplies lats dorsi

Diminished Patellar tendon reflex is an indication of what nerve damage

Femoral nerve

Responsible for the white color of white matter

Myelin sheath

True or false. Lateral cord of the brachial plexus is from the union of the anterior divisions of middle and lower trunk

False. Upper and middle trunk

Muscles in the anterior forearm that is NOT innervated by the median nerve

Flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profundus. Both of them are innervated by the ULNAR nerve.

Two point discrimination uses what pathway

Dorsal column medial lemniscus

carrying heavy object on the should could lead to what nerve damage

Long thoracic

``` Standard cut in CT scan imaging A. Transverse B. sagittal C. Coronal D. Transaxial ```

Trans axial

``` Sciatic nerve will be hit in what part of glut max A. Upper lateral B. upper medial C. Lower lateral D. Lower medial ```

What meninges lines dural sac

Arachnoid matter

``` The ff is supplied by the musculocutaneuos nerve except A. Coracobrachialis B. biceps brachii C. Brachialis D. Brachioradialis E. none of the above ```

The coccygeal portion of the spinal cord becomes ________ at 8th week of embryonic life

Filum terminale

Only flexor muscle that is supplied by the radial nerve

Brachioradials

In lumbar puncture, what space do you want to penetrate to get CSF

Subarachnoid space

Lost of flexion of lateral fingers is an indication of what nerve damage

Median nerve

In spinocerebellar tract, in the pons where does dorsal tract enter

Inferior cerebellar peduncle | Ventral- superior peduncle

Hypothenar muscle is supplied by

Ulnar nerve

Lost of supination is damage to what nerves

Musculocutaneuos and radial nerve

``` The ff muscles is supplied by the obturator nerve except A. Adductor longus B. petineus C. Gracilis D. Adductor brevis ```

B. femoral nerve un

True or false. Filum terminale have dural sac

False. Arachnoid and pia only

Surgical neck of the humerus fracture results in what nerve damage

Axillary nerve

True or false, dura mater of the spinal cord is CONTINUOUS with the dura mater of the brain

True

``` Inf gluteal injury involves what quadrant of glut Max A. Upper lateral B. upper medial C. Lower lateral D. Lower medial ```

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus

Femoral nerve L2,3,4

``` Results because of traction injury as in excessive abduction of arm A. Upper brachial plexus injury B. lower brachial plexus injury C. Lumbar plexus injury D. Sacral plexus injury ```

Space between periosteum and dura mater

Epidural space

What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the thigh

Sciatic If anterior except tensor fascia latae- femoral If medial except pectineus- obturator

``` The ff emerges from the lateral border of psoas except A. Iliohypogastric B. genitofemoral C. Femoral D. Lateral cutaneous femoral ```

B. sa anterior xa.

What nerve supplies gluteus Maximus

Inf gluteal

What nerve is blocked to suppress labor pain

Pudendal

``` Which of the ff ANTERIOR muscle is NOT supplied by FEmoral nerve A. Ilapsoas B. Tensor Fascia Latae C. Vastus intermedialis D. Sartorius ```

B. it is supplied by inf. gluteal nerve

What layer of the dural mater is continuous with the spinal cord dural mater

Meningeal layer

``` Straight sinus is formed by A. Inferior sagittal and great cerebral vein B. superior sagittal and great cerebral C. Transverse and great cerebral D. Sigmoidal and great cerebral ```

At birth where does spinal cord end

L2 or 3 | Adult L1 or 2

``` excessive separation of neck and shoulder or violent stretching of an infant's neck during childbirth would result to A. Upper brachial plexus injury B. lower brachial plexus injury C. Lumbar plexus injury D. Sacral plexus injury ```

What nerve is most commonly damaged in the pelvis

Obturator

True or false, Klumpke's results in altered sensation in the lateral side of the upper limb

False. Medial dapat. | Altered in lateral side if Erb Duchenne

Nerve root affected in lower brachial plexus injury

C8 T1

``` A patient has difficulty in raising their arm above their head. What nerve is most likely damaged? A. Long thoracic B. median C. ulnar D. Radial E. axillary ```

What nerve exhibits (+) Trendelenburg sign

Superior gluteal nerve

Fracture on the medial epicondylar part of the humerus results in what nerve damage

Ulnar

What nerve is damage in carpal tunnel syndrome

Median nerve

``` What supplies the medial side of the forearm A. Median nerve B. radial nerve C. Ulnar nerve D. Axillary nerve ```

What nerve is damage if there is a loss of the rounded contour of the shoulder

Axillary

End of spinal cord is called

Conus medullaries

Lunate dislocation results in what nerve injury

Distal median nerve injury

``` What part of the spinal cord is the narrowest and roundest A, cervical B. thoracic C. Lumbar D. Sacral ```

Ape hand results from what nerve damage

Distal median nerve

basilar artery orignate on what blood vessel?

vertebral artery

ant part of the cerbral peduncle?

crus cerebri | post : tegmentum

narrow cavity found on the midbrain?

cerebral aqueduct

part of the mid brain posterior to cerebral aqueduct?

tectum corpora quadrigemina

most commonly damaged blood vessel on extradural hemorrhage?

ant division of the mid meningeal artery

depression that projects the falx cerebri?

longitudinal fissure

large motor nerve cell in this area control voluntary movements on the opposite site of the body?

primary area four,, precentral gyrus

lateral ventricle communicate with the third ventricle through what foramen?

interventricular foramenor foramen of monroe...plss wag kalimutan ang CSF FLOW!!!

``` Function of the pudendal nerve except a. Maintaining voluntary urinary, fecal continence B. Maintains erection C. Facilitate urine expulsion D. Supports pelvis viscera E. none of the above ```

Radial nerve injuries have this distinct position

Wrist drop

Nerve most likely affect if there is a fracture on the supra condylar ridge of the humerus

Median nerve

What is the nerve root of pudendal nerve and the muscle it innervates

S2,3,4... Perineum

``` The ff suplies the Lower limb that leave the Pelvis through the Greater Sciatic foramen except A. Sciatic nerve B. pudendal nerve C. Sup gluteus D. Inf gluteus ```

Largest nerve in the body

Sciatic

Largest nerve in the sacral plexus

Sciatic nerve

What nerve is damaged if a person has waddling gait

Superior gluteal nerve

``` Superior gluteal nerve will be injured if _____ of glut max is damaged A. Upper lateral B. upper medial C. Lower lateral D. Lower medial ```

True or false. Sciatic nerve is located in the gluteal area

True. But it has no innervation in the gluteal region

Safest site in IM injection in the glut max

Upper lateral border of glut Max

Fracture of the hamate results to what nerve injury

Ulnar. Claw hand deformity

Lumbar plexus is closely related to what muscle

Psoas major

What nerve in the lumbar plexus will emerge from the anterior surface of the psoas major

Genitofemoral L1, L2

A sickle-shaped fold of dura mater that lies in the midline between the two cerebral hemispheres

Falx cerebri

Nerve root of phrenic nerve

C3,4,5

Nerves mainly affected in Erb Duchenne

Axillary , supra scapular, musculocutaneuos

True or false. In Klumpke's paralysis, PROXIMAL muscles of the upper limb are affected.

False. distal dapat

Main clinical presentation of proximal median nerve injury

Hand of Benediction

Main nerve affected in lower brachial plexus injury

Ulnar and median nerve

``` Skin on the Lateral surface of the neck is innervated by A. Lesser occipital B. greater auricular C. Transverse cutaneous D. Supraclavicular ```

The front side of the face is innervated by

Trigeminal nerve

Lost of flexion in the medial finger is indicative for what nerve damage

Ulnar nerve

True or false. All flexors of the forearm are innervated by either median or ulnar nerve

False. Un brachioradialis innervated by radial nerve

``` Waiter's tip position is an indication of A. Upper brachial plexus injury B. lower brachial plexus injury C. Lumbar plexus injury D. Sacral plexus injury ```

True or false. Right transverse is a continuation of straight sinus

False. Right transverse continuation of sup. sagittal Left transverse continuation of straight sinus

True or false All muscles in the infra hyoid region is innervated by Ansa cervicalis

False. Thyrohyoid is not. It is innervated by C1

A crescent-shaped fold of dura mater that roofs over the posterior cranial fossa

Tentorium cerebelli

Innervation of teres major

Lower subscapular c5,6

``` Skin on the Medial surface of the auricle is innervated by A. Lesser occipital B. greater auricular C. Transverse cutaneous D. Supraclavicular ```

``` The ff is innervated by Ansa cervicalis except A. Sternohyoid B. omohyoid C. Sternothyroid D. Thyrohyoid ```

Anatomy module 3 Flashcards

(173 cards)