Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Question 1

______ are named for either the specific part of the body they supply or an area surrounding that specific part

Answer 1

blood vessels

Question 2

____ and ____ generally share the same name

Answer 2

veins and arteries

Question 3

a vessel that carries blood away from the heart

Answer 3

artery

Question 4

a vessel that carries blood toward the heart

Answer 4

vein

Question 5

4 types of arteries:

Answer 5

• elastic arteries - muscular arteries - arterioles - metarteriole

Question 6

4 types of capillaries:

Answer 6

• true capillaries - continuous capillaries - fenestrated capillaries - sinusoid

Question 7

an epithelial inner lining. Has 3 layers: - endothelium - basement membrane - internal elastic lamina

Answer 7

tunica intima

Question 8

middle layer of smooth muscle and elastic connective tissue. Helps regulate diameter of the lumen. arteries and veins only

Answer 8

tunica media

Question 9

connective tissue outer covering. Helps anchor the vessels to surrounding tissue

Answer 9

tunica externa

Question 10

wall of blood vessel layers:

Answer 10

• tunica intima - tunica media - tunia externa

Question 11

• walls are thick, primarily from smooth muscle - regulate blood pressure and shunt blood flow to where it is needed most - smooth muscle regulates blood pressure, distribution, and volume - help propel onward while ventricles are relaxing

Answer 11

arteries

Question 12

aorta, pulmonary trunk, brachiocephalic, subclavian, common carotid, and commin iliac are known as

Answer 12

elastic or conducting arteries

Question 13

largest arteries in the body, ranging from the garden-hose sized aorta and pulmonary trunk to the finger sized branches of the aorta

Answer 13

conducting arteries

Question 14

• the smallest arteries - carry blood from arteries to capillaries and regulate blood flow to specific capillary beds - contain smooth muscle and can regulate blood flow

Answer 14

arterioles

Question 15

main transporters of oxygenated blood

Answer 15

arteries

Question 16

diameter is adjusted to regulate blood flow

Answer 16

arterioles

Question 17

diffusion occurs across thin walls

Answer 17

capillaries

Question 18

blood flow through capillaries

Answer 18

microcirculation

Question 19

thin walls allow for effective exchange of material between plasma and interstitial fluid - most important vessels functionally because they allow the delivery and collection of substances - exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste materials occur here

Answer 19

capillaries

Question 20

the body does not have a sufficient volume of blood for all _____ beds to be open at once

Answer 20

capillary

Question 21

Capillaries do not contain smooth muscle - ________ in arterioles serve to control blood flow into capillaries

Answer 21

precapillary sphincters

Question 22

• vessels that carry blood toward the heart - have thinner walls with less smooth muscle than arteries

Answer 22

vessels

Question 23

small veins - small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and join together to form veins

Answer 23

venules

Question 24

______ increase in size as blood returns to the heart

Answer 24

venous vessels

Question 25

larger veins below the heart have ______ to prevent backflow

Answer 25

valves

Question 26

pooling of blood in veins caused by: - loss of elasticity in the walls of veins - chronic high venous BP - loss of strength in the valves - decreased muscular pump

Answer 26

varicose veins

Question 27

A clot can block circulation. If a clot breaks loose it will move through the circulatory system. It is then called:

Answer 27

embolus

Question 28

If the embolus blocks pulmonary capillaries it is called:

Answer 28

pulmonary embolism

Question 29

an embolism in the brain is called

Answer 29

a stroke/cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Question 30

clot that has formed in a deep vein, and is very dangerous

Answer 30

deep vein thrombosis

Question 31

3 vessel network or major circulatory routes for the blood:

Answer 31

- systemic circulation - pulmonary circulation - hepatic portal circulation

Question 32

carries blood from the heart to the body and back again

Answer 32

systemic circulation

Question 33

carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back again

Answer 33

pulmonary circulation

Question 34

carries blood through the hepatic portal vein of the liver

Answer 34

hepatic portal circulation

Question 35

- closed loop system - the right side of the heart receives de-oxygenated blood from the body capillaries \> venules \> veins \> vena cava - the left side of theh eart pumps oxygenated blood to the body aorta \> arteries \> arterioles \> capillaries

Answer 35

systemic circulation

Question 36

the ____ is the main systemic artery, serving as a trunk from which all other arteries branch

Answer 36

aorta

Question 37

venous blood from the head, neck, upper extremities, and thoracic cavity (except lungs) drains into the superior vena cava - venous blood from the lower extremities and abdomen drains into the inferior vena cava

Answer 37

systemic veins

Question 38

- a closed loop system with the hear as the pump - pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from heart to the lungs - pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

Answer 38

pulmonary circulation

Question 39

venous blood flows through a second capillary network before returning to the heart - veins from spleen, stomach, pancreas, gallbladder, and intestines send blood to the liver by means of the ____ vein.

Answer 39

hepatic portal circulation

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