Anatomy of Heart and Pericardium Flashcards
what is mediastinum
medial space between 2 lateral pleural cavities.
boundary is supererior thoracic aperature, the diagphram, sternum and bodies of thoracic vertebrae
middle mediastinum contains pericardium and heart
what are the types of pericardium
fibrous-dense fibrous connective tissue
serous- parietal, visceral(epicardium)
what are pericardial sinuses
the folding of embryonic heart tubes causes folding of serous pericardium
transverse and oblique sinuses
what is the transverse sinus
used in cardiac surgery to locate aorta and pulmonary trunk
it lies behind these two structures
what is the oblique sinus
used to lift the heart
blind ended
lies behind left atrium and between pulmonary veins
what is a pericardial effusion
when excess fluid in pericardial cavity pushes against fibrous pericardium and causes pressure on the heart
called tamponade when life threatening
layers of cardiac tissue
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
describe cardiac muscle microscopy
has intercalated discs and cross brideges
heart borders
right border- R atrium
superior border
left border- L ventricle
inferior border
heart chambers
Right ventricle - most anterior
left ventricle - majority of base
right atrium
left atrium
Blood flow through heart
from body to right atrium via vena cava
to right ventricle via tricuspid valve
to pulmonary artery via pulmonary trunk and pulmonary valve
from lungs to left atrium via pulmonary vein
to left ventricle via matrial valve
to rest of body via aorta
right atrium
superior/inferior vena cava
into right ventricle
conorary sinus drains here
tricuspid valve
3 cusps
connected to papillary muscles by chordae tendinae
stops backflow of blood
right ventricle
thin walls
3 papillary muscles
to pulmonary artery via pulmonary valve
pulmonary valve
3 cusps
no papillary muscles
