Lipid Metabolism Flashcards
types of lipids
triglycerides
phospholipids
steroids
functions of lipids
major source of energy
major component of cell membrane
cell signalling
protection and insulation
absorption of fat-soluable vitamins
biosynthetic precursors
steps of lipid metabolism
digestion
absorption
transport
catabolism
biosynthesis
lipid digestion
95% triglyceride 5% other lipids
lipase enzymes breakdown triglycerides to monoglyceride
digestion enzyme locations and process
lingual lipase- mouth- chemical digestion
gastic lipase- stomach- chemical and mechanical digestion
pancreatic lipase/bile salt- small intestine-
bile salts and pancreatic lipase process
digesticve hormone- cholecystokinin stimulates pancrease and gall bladder to release pancreatic lipase and bile salt into intestines to emulsify fats into micelles and TG into monoglyceride, FA and glycerol
lipid absorption
after micelles form they enter epithelial cells and combine with fatty acids to form triglycerides which combine with proteins in golgi body to form chylomicrons which then enter lacteal and are transported away from intestines
feasting and fasting
when excess energy is consumed it is stored in adipose tissue as triglyceride
when food hasnt been eaten in a while these triglyceride are broken down for energy
lipid transport
hydrophobic lipids require special proteins for transport, lipoproteins
types of lipoprotein
chylomicrons- highest TG low density
very low density lipoproteins- high TG
low density lipoproteins- highest cholesterol(bad)
high density lipoproteins- highest protein highest density(good)
source and function of each type of lipoprotein
chylomicrons- intestine- transports dietary TG to body tissues
VLDL- liver- transports endogenous TG to body tissues
LDL - liver- transports cholesterol to body tissues
HDL- liver/intestine- transports cholesterol from tissue to liver for breakdown
