Anatomy Of Male Genital System Flashcards
(77 cards)
The primary male sex organs
Testis
The………….. testis hanging lower down than the ……………… .
Left , Right
Surface anatomy of the testis :
It has;
▪ Two poles (upper and lower).
▪ Two borders (anterior and posterior).
▪ Two surfaces (medial and lateral).
Site of testis :
Suspended by the spermatic cord in the scrotum.
The upper pole of the testis:
1) It is covered by the head of the epididymis.
2) It has attachment to the spermatic cord
Anterior border of the testis :
convex, smooth & fully covered by the tunica vaginalis
The posterior border of the testis
It is closely related to the body & tail of the epididymis AND the ductus deferens ( vas deferens) partially covered by the tunica vaginalis
To differentiate the lateral surface from the medial surface of the testis :
By the sinus of epididymis, at lateral aspect.
Course of testis location :
1) Testes develop on the posterior abdominal wall
2) Before birth and through the inguinal canal , they descend to reach the
scrotum, carrying their blood vessels, lymphatics,nerves&process of peritoneum (Processus vaginalis).
Coverings (coats) of the testis :
1) Tunica vaginalis
2)The tunica albuginea
3) The tunica vasculosa
Layers of tunica vaginalis :
a. Inner visceral layer.
b. Outer parietal layer.
c.A tunical space: contains thin film of serous fluid is normally present in between the two layer.
Define tunica vaginalis :
It is a closed sac of peritoneum encloses the testis; it covers the whole testis except its posterior border
At the time of birth, the proximal part of processus vaginalis at the deep inguinal ring is obliterated to form VESTIGUE of processus vaginalis
Define tunica Albuginea :
It is a dense, white fibrous coat covering the testis all around, it is covered by the visceral layer of tunica vaginalis, except posteriorly where the testicular vessels and nerves enter the gland.
It is thickened along the posterior border of the testis to form Mediastinum testis .
About the mediastinum testes :
It sends septa, dividing the testis into compartments (about 200-300).
▪ Each compartment contains 2 thin highly convoluted tubules callednseminiferous tubules,
▪ seminiferous tubules unite into a straight seminiferous tubules at the mediastinum
▪ straight seminiferous ductules unite to form a network of canaliculi termed the rete testis.
▪ The upper part of the rete testis gives rise to 12 to 20 efferent ductules (vasa efferentia) which form the greater part of the head of epididymis.
▪ efferent ductules (vasa efferentia) unite together to form the duct of the epididymis.
Parts of the epididymis:
It is represented in 3 parts:
1 ) Head of the epididymis
2 ) Body of the epididymis
3 ) Tail of the epididymis
About the head of the epididymis :
It is formed by the dilated ends of the efferent ductules which unite to form a single coiled duct overlying the upper pole of the testis.
About the body of the epididymis :
It is the middle part of the epididymis.
About the tail of the epididymis :
It is the lower part of the epididymis. It is continuous with the ductus deferens at the inferior pole of the testis.
Arterial supply of the testis
Testicular artery
Arterial supply of the epididymis
Artery of the vas deferens.
Venous drainage of testis and epididymis :
through the pampiniform plexus of veins to the testicular vein that ends in the inferior vena cava on the right side AND in the left renal vein on the left side
Lymphatic drainage of testis and epididymis :
Para-aortic lymph nodes
Testicular tumor spread to the para aortic lymph nodes
Varicocele
Enlargement of the pampiniform plexus due to pressure by the sigmoid colon on the left testicular vein which in turn drains into the left renal vein THEN it is more commonly seen in the left side
Define The spermatic cord :
group of structures that partly lie in the inguinal canal & partly in the scrotum
