Anatomy of the knee joint

Question 1

Why do we have collateral ligaments?

Answer 1

to prevent the tibia from moving side to side

Question 2

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 2

Lateral meniscus

Question 3

What is the purpose of the infrapatellar fat pad?

Answer 3

space filler

Question 4

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 4

Superficial infrapatellar bursa

Question 5

What articulations make up the knee joint?

Answer 5

The patella and the femur

the femur and the tibia

Question 6

What is the purpose of the prepatellar bursa?

Answer 6

To allow the skin to move smoothly over the patella

Question 7

What is the purpose of the anterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 7

to prevent posterior displacement of the femur

Question 8

What structure is this?

Answer 8

Medial condyle of femur

Question 9

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 9

Anterior cruciate ligament

Question 10

What is the purpose of the posterior cruciate ligament?

Answer 10

to prevent anterior displacement of the femur

Question 11

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 11

medial collateral ligament

Question 12

What structure is highlighted here?

Answer 12

lateral collateral ligament

Question 13

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 13

infrapatellar fat pad

Question 14

Which meniscus is the largest?

Answer 14

The medial meniscus

Question 15

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 15

posterior cruciate ligament

Question 16

What are the purpose of the menisci?

Answer 16

• To increase the surface area of contact between the femoral condyles and tibial plateau
• which has a cushioning act as the femur bears it’s load on the tibia
• it also spreads synovial fluid around the joint

Question 17

The knee joint is a modified hinge joint. This means that it can perform what movements?

Answer 17

• flexion
• extension
• slight rotation

Question 18

True or false?
The suprapatella bursa is a fluid filled sac

Answer 18

false

in health, a bursa is not inflamed of filled with fluid

Question 19

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 19

Patellar ligament

Question 20

What structure is this?

Answer 20

lateral condyle of femur

Question 21

What is the medial meniscus tethered/attached to?

Answer 21

• the medial collateral ligament
• the tibial plateau

Question 22

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 22

deep infrapatellar bursa

Question 23

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 23

suprapatellar bursa

Question 24

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 24

Oblique popliteal ligament

Question 25

Where does the lateral collateral ligament attach?

Answer 25

lateral femoral epicondyle head of fibula

Question 26

Where does the medial collateral ligament attach?

Answer 26

medial epicondyle tibia

Question 27

What structure is highlighted here?

Answer 27

medial meniscus

Question 28

What structure is highlighted in green?

Answer 28

Quadriceps tendon

Question 29

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 29

Intercondylar ridge of tibia

Question 30

What are the 2 purposes of the patella?

Answer 30

* hold the quadriceps tendon away from the joint surfaces * protects the quadriceps tendon as it passes over the femoral condyles

Question 31

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament attach?

Answer 31

* medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle * medial aspect of the intercondylar ridge

Question 32

What is the purpose of the suprapatella bursa?

Answer 32

To allow for the smooth movement of one surface (quadriceps tendon) over another surface (femoral condyles)

Question 33

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 33

lateral epicondyle of femur

Question 34

Where does the posterior cruciate ligament attach?

Answer 34

the lateral aspect of medial epicondyle lateral aspect of the intercondylar ridge

Question 35

Why is the lateral meniscus mobile, compared to the immobile medial meniscus?

Answer 35

it is not tethered to the lateral collateral ligament or the tibial plateau

Question 36

What structure is this?

Answer 36

Intercondylar notch

Question 37

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 37

medial epicondyle of femur

Question 38

What structure is highlighted?

Answer 38

tibial plateau