Anatomy of the male reproductive system

Question 1

How do testes move into position?

Answer 1

They start retro-peritoneally and take blood supply from anterior abdominal wall to perineum
Undescended testes = high cancer rates

Question 2

Superficial three layers of scrotum and testes

Answer 2

Skin, Dartos muscle and Colle’s fascia

Question 3

What is the cremasteric reflex?

Answer 3

In cold or upon stimulation, the cremaster muscle contracts to pull testes into the body

Question 4

Middle layers surrounding scrotum and testes

Answer 4

External spermatic fascia, cremasteric muscle, internal spermatic fascia

Question 5

Where do the epigastric arteries run?

Answer 5

Rectus sheath

Question 6

Where does the cremasteric muscle originate?

Answer 6

Internal oblique

Question 7

3 nerves in inguinal canal

Answer 7

Genitofemoral nerve, ilioinguinal and autonomic fibres

Question 8

3 arteries in inguinal canal

Answer 8

Cremasteric artery, testicular artery and vas artery

Question 9

3 other structures in inguinal canal

Answer 9

Vas, testicular veins and lymphatics

Question 10

Origin of varicocele

Answer 10

Enlarged pampiniform plexus

Question 11

Deep layers of scrotum (3)

Answer 11

• Parietal tunical vaginalis
• Visceral tunical vaginalis
• Tunica albuginea = white fibrous coat around testes

Question 12

What is hydrocele?

Answer 12

Fluid in testes - diagnose by transillumination

Question 13

testicular torsion

Answer 13

Twists on veins so fluid can’t leave testes = lots of pressure which can eventually block blood supply

• Contact neurologist
• If testis dies, immune response against it which can kill the other one

Question 14

indirect hernia

Answer 14

Bowel through inguinal ring, inguinal canal and then superficial ring - lateral to epigastric arteries

Question 15

Direct hernia

Answer 15

Direct protrusion of bowel through abdominal wall medial to epigastric vessels

Question 16

Where is the true pelvis

Answer 16

The contents under a line drawn from pubic symphysis to s1

Question 17

What is a vasectomy?

Answer 17

Snip vas

Vas’ join on posterior bladder

Question 18

Sx of enlarged prostate

Answer 18

Elderly

dribbling and nocturia, incomplete emptying, retention

Question 19

Why does prostate cancer spread to spine?

Answer 19

Venous drainage is connected to spine - Batson’s plexus

Question 20

Why does hydrofoils indicate renal cancer?

Answer 20

One of the testicles drain to l renal vein

Question 21

What is found in the deep pouch?

Answer 21

External urethral sphincter

Bulbourethral gland - lubricates urethra

Question 22

Buck’s fascia

Answer 22

If urethra is ruptured in shaft of penis, urine is cough in this fascia

Question 23

What happens if the urethra is ruptured behind Buck’s fascia

Answer 23

Urine passes up abdominal wall and into scrotum

Question 24

Where does scrotum drain

Answer 24

Inguinal