Physiology of labour and delivery Flashcards
gestation
How many weeks from last menstrual period
Gravity
How many times a woman has been pregnant
Parity
How many times a woman has delivered
What is the time difference between stillbirth and miscarriage?
Up to 24 weeks is miscarriage
Stage one of labour
cervical opening - latent phase is dilation up to 4cm
Active phase is 4-10 cm
Stage 2 labour
Pushing and foetus delivery
Nulliparous: 35 mins, 70 with epidural
Multiparous: 15 mins, 20 with epidural
Easiest pelvis shapes for delivery
Gynaecoid
How do you differentiate between anterior and posterior positioning
Occiput (back of head) will be anterior or posterior
What is frank breech ?
Legs extended
What is footling?
One foot down
Stage 3 labour
Placental delivery in 5-6 mins
If >30 mins, assistance needed
Stage 4 delivery
- 4 hours postpartum
- Monitor for active bleeding
- ?retained products ?atonic uterus
- Detect early PPH
- Tissue, thrombin, tone, trauma = causes of PPH
- Check for hypovolemic shock
Hormones preventing uterine contraction
progesterone, prostacyclin, relaxin, NO
