Anatomy of the Neck Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is the anterior triangle bound by?
- Inferior border of the mandible
- Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
- Midline of the neck
What is the roof of the anterior triangle?
Deep investing fascia around muscles
What is the floor of the anterior triangle?
Pretracheal fascia and the carotid sheath
What is the anterior triangle divided into?
- Submandibular triangle
- Submental triangle
- Carotid triangle
- Omotracheal triangle
What are the borders of the submandibular triangle?
- Anterior and posterior bellies of digastric
* Body of the mandible
What passes through the submandibular triangle?
- Submandibular gland
- Submandibular lymph node
- Facial artery
- Facial vein
- Part of CNxII - hypoglossal
What are the borders of the submental triangle?
- Anterior belly of digastric
- Hyoid
- Midline
What passes through the submental triangle?
• Submental lymph nodes
What is the origin of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle?
• Digastric fossa on the lower medial aspect of the mandible
What is the origin of the posterior belly of digastric?
• Mastoid notch on the medial side of the mastoid process
What forms the cervical plexus?
• Anterior rami of C1-C4
What are the muscular branches of the cervical plexus?
- Phrenic nerve (C3-5) to the diaphragm
* Ansa cervi alis (C1-3) to the infra hyoid muscle
What are the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus?
- Lesser occipital nerve (C2)
- Great auricular nerve (C2-3)
- Transverse cervical (C2-3)
- Supraclavicular nerve (C3-4)
When do the cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus become superficial?
Erb’s point: halfway on the posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
What are the common carotid arteries branches of?
- On the right: Brachiocephalic trunk
* On the left: Aortic arch
When do the common carotids bifurcate?
- At c3/4 level
* Upper margin of thyroid cartilage
What is the internal jugular vein a continuation of?
The sigmoid sinus
Where does the internal jugular vein exit the skull?
Jugular foramen
What does the internal jugular vein join with and what does this form?
Joins the subclavian vein to form the brachiocephalic vein
Where does the external jugular vein begin?
At the angle of the mandible, joining the retromandibular and posterior auricular veins
Which muscle does the external jugular vein pass over?
Sternocleidomastoid
What does the external jugular vein drain into?
The subclavian vein
Where does the anterior jugular vein arise?
Near the hyoid bone
What does the anterior jugular vein drain into?
The external jugular vein
