Anatomy of Upper GI Tract

Question 1

what joint opens the mouth

Answer 1

Temporomandibular joint

Question 2

what type of joint is the Temporomandibular joint

Answer 2

synovial

Question 3

what are the three jaw closing muscles

Answer 3

masseter
temporalis
medial pterygoid

Question 4

what is the jaw opening muscle

Answer 4

lateral pteryoid

Question 5

how many teeth do we have

Answer 5

32

Question 6

three pairs of salivary glands

Answer 6

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Question 7

what nerve is involved general sensation of superior half of oral cavity

Answer 7

CN V2

maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 8

what nerve is involved general sensation of inferior half of oral cavity

Answer 8

CN V3

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 9

course of maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve to superior half of oral cavity

Answer 9

travels from pons through the foramen rotunda to sensory area

Question 10

course of mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve to inferior half of oral cavity

Answer 10

travels from pons through the foramen oval to muscles of mastication and sensory area

Question 11

is the anterior part of the tongue in the oral cavity

Answer 11

yes

Question 12

is the posterior part of the tongue in the oral cavity

Answer 12

no

Question 13

what nerve is general sensory for anterior part of tongue

Answer 13

CNV3

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 14

what nerve is special sensory for anterior part of tongue

Answer 14

CNVII

facial nerve

Question 15

what nerve supplies general and special sensory to posterior Part of the tongue

Answer 15

CNIX

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 16

what supply does CNVII contain

Answer 16

special sensory
sensory
motor
parasympathetic

Question 17

where does CNVII leave

Answer 17

pontomedullary junction

Question 18

how does CNVII travel through the temporal bone

Answer 18

internal acoustic meatus then stylomastic foramen.

Question 19

what does the CNVII supply

Answer 19

taste for anterior tongue
muscles of facial expression
glands in floor of mouth

Question 20

what supply does CNIX contain

Answer 20

special sensory 
sensory 
motor 
visceral affect 
parasympathetic

Question 21

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve leave (CNIX)

Answer 21

medulla

Question 22

what does the glossopharyngeal nerve travel through (CNIX)

Answer 22

jugular foramen

Question 23

where does the glossopharyngeal nerve travel to (CNIX)

Answer 23

posterior wall of oropharynx
parotid gland
posterior tongue

Question 24

what type of reflex is the gag reflex

Answer 24

protective

Question 25

what is the nerve fibres of the sensory part of the gag reflex carried within

Answer 25

CNIX | Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 26

what is the nerve fibres of the motor part of the gag reflex carried within

Answer 26

CNIX Glossopharyngeal nerve and CNX Vagus nerve

Question 27

spraying a local anaesthetic blocks sensory action potentials in which nerves

Answer 27

CNV2 - maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve CNV3 - mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve CNVII- facial nerve CNIX- Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 28

which muscles change position of tongue during mastication, swallowing and speech

Answer 28

extrinsic muscles of tongue

Question 29

what are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 29

palatoglossus styloglossus hyoglossus genioglossus

Question 30

what muscles modify the shape of the tongue during function

Answer 30

skeletal intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Question 31

what nerve supplies the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 31

CNXII

Question 32

what tongue muscle is NOT supplied by CNXII

Answer 32

palatoglossus

Question 33

what type of supply is CNXII

Answer 33

Motor only

Question 34

where does the CNXII leave

Answer 34

medulla

Question 35

what does CNXII travel through

Answer 35

hypoglossal canal

Question 36

where do CNXII travel to

Answer 36

extrinsic and intrinsic muscle of tongue except palatoglossus

Question 37

what level is the UOS

Answer 37

C6

Question 38

what nerve innervates the external layer of the pharynx

Answer 38

CNX

Question 39

what artery supplies pharynx

Answer 39

common carotid artery

Question 40

what nerve innervates the internal layer of the pharynx

Answer 40

CNX and IX

Question 41

what closes the lips to prevent drooling when swallowing

Answer 41

orbicularis oris and CNVII

Question 42

what nerve allows the tongue to push the bolus posteriorly during swallowing

Answer 42

CNXII

Question 43

what nerve causes the pharyngeal constrictor muscles to contract during swallowing

Answer 43

CNX

Question 44

what nerves cause the inner longitudinal pharyngeal muscles to contract and rise the larynx, shortening the pharynx and closing the laryngeal inlet preventing aspiration

Answer 44

CNIX and CNX

Question 45

is the UOS anatomical or physiological

Answer 45

anatomical

Question 46

is the LOS anatomical or physiological

Answer 46

physiological

Question 47

where does the oesophageal plexus run

Answer 47

on surface to supply smooth muscle within its wall

Question 48

the the oesophagus posterior or anterior to the trachea

Answer 48

posterior to trachea

Question 49

is the oesophagus posterior or anterior to heart

Answer 49

posterior to the heart

Question 50

what is the cervical constriction of oesophagus

Answer 50

cricopharynxgeus muscle

Question 51

what are the thoracic constrictions of the oesophagus

Answer 51

arch of aorta | left main bronchus

Question 52

what are the diaphragmatic constrictions of oesophagus

Answer 52

oesophagus passing through the diaphragm LOS