Anatomy/ Physiology: Skeletal System

Question 1

Purpose of Skeletal System

Answer 1

Protect soft tissues, internal organs

Give body shape

Allow for movement

(Store Ca)

(Form Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets

Question 2

Bones: Skull (Cranium)

Answer 2

6 Cap protects Brain, builds eyes/ face 1. Frontal (1) 2. Parietal (2) 4. Temporal (2) 5. Occiputal (1) (Foramen magnum)

Question 3

Bones: Skull (Cranium) “Foramen Magnum”

Answer 3

Hole in base of skull through which spinal cord connects to the brain

Question 4

Bones: Skull (Face)

Answer 4

17

1. Mandible (1): jaw
2. Maxilla (2): upper lip
3. Zygomatic (2): cheek bones
4. Nasal (2)
5. Sphenoid (1): butterfly behind eyes
6. Ethmoid (1): between lacrimal and sphenoid
7. Lacrimal (2): between Nasal and Ethmoid
8. Vomer (1): inferior to Ethmoid
9. Palatine (2): roof of mouth
10. Inferior Nasal Concha (2)
    (11. Hyoid (1): throat)

Question 5

Bones: Skull (Face) “Orbit”

Answer 5

Eye socket Protect eye Made out of Zygomatic, Frontal, Maxilla

Question 6

Bones: Skull (Ear)

Answer 6

6

1. Malleus (2)
2. Incus (2)
3. Stapes (2)

Question 7

Bones: Spinal Column

Answer 7

33 Vertebrae

1. Cervical (7): skull rests on first cervical vertebrae “Atlas”
2. Thoracic (12)
3. Lumbar (5)
4. Sacral (5): fused together “Sacrum”
5. Coccygeal (4): fused together “Coccyx” tailbone

Question 8

Bones: Thorax

Answer 8

27 1. Sternum: manubrium, body, xiphoid process 2. Clavicle (2): collar bone 3. Ribs (12 pairs- 24): anchored to Spinal Column, Sternum via cartilage [5 pairs to Sternum, 5 pair anterior ribs below Sternum, 2 pairs “floating”]

Question 9

Bones: Thorax “Thoracic cavity”

Answer 9

Chest Formed by 12 Thoracic vertebrae and 12 pairs of Ribs Heart, Lungs, Esophagus, Aorta, 2 Venae cavae

Question 10

Bones: Thorax “Intercostal space”

Answer 10

Space between Rib 1 and 2= first intercostal space Space between Rib 2 and 3= second intercostal space etc.

Question 11

Bones: Pelvis

Answer 11

6 Formed by Sacrum, 2 Pelvic Bones (3 bones fused together) 1. Ilium (2): posterior “wings” 2. Pubis (2): anterior 3. Ischium (2): inferior to Pubis

Question 12

Bones: Pelvis “Pubic symphysis”

Answer 12

Anterior joining of Public bones Cartilage within to allow for movement

Question 13

Bones: Upper Extremities

Answer 13

Arms (shoulder girdle to fingertips) 8 1. Scapula (2): posterior, “shoulder blade” 2. Humerus (2): “arm”, weightlifting lever 3. Radius (2): thumb side (larger in distal forearm) 4. Ulna (2): pinky/ medial side (larger in proximal forearm)

Question 14

Bones: Upper Extremities- Hands

Answer 14

27 (54 total) 1. Carpals (8): connect to Ulna and Radius– wrist joint (modified ball and socket) 2. Metacarpals (5): back of hand 3. Phalanges (14): finger bones

Question 15

Bones: Upper Extremities “Shoulder girdle”

Answer 15

Joining of Clavicle, Scapula, Humerus

Question 16

Bones: Lower Extremities

Answer 16

Legs (hip to ankle) 8 1. Femur (2): longest, strongest 2. Patella (2): knee cap 3. Tibia (2): posterior 4. Fibula (2): shin bone

Question 17

Bones: Lower Extremities- Feet

Answer 17

26 (52 total) 1. Talus (1): to Fibula and Tibia 2. Calcaneus (1): heel 3. Navicular (1): distal to Talus 4. Cuboid (1): lateral to Navicular 5. Cuneiform (3): distal to Navicular, medial to cuboid (Lateral, Intermedial, Medial) 6. Metatarsals (5) 7. Phalanges (14): toes

Question 18

Answer 18

Skull 8

Face 17

Thorax 27

Spinal 33

Upper Extremities 8

Hands 54

Pelvis 6

Lower Extremities 8

Feet 52

Question 19

Bones: Joints (three kinds)

Answer 19

Where two bones come in contact (articulation)

Allows to Extend and Flex

Ball and Socket Joint: hip, shoulder

Hinge: elbow, knee