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Anatomy > Anatomy Quiz #1 > Flashcards

Anatomy Quiz #1 Flashcards

Chapters 1-2

1
Q

Homeostasis

A

the maintenance of relatively constant conditions in the internal environment despite changes in the external environment (all organ systems, except for reproductive, partake in maintaining homeostasis)

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2
Q

Integumentary System

A

Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

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3
Q

Skeletal System

A

Supports and protects tissues; stores minerals; forms blood cells.

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4
Q

Muscular System

A

Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat.

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5
Q

Nervous System

A

Directs immediate responses to stimuli usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems.

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6
Q

Endocrine System

A

Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems.

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7
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases.

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8
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream.

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9
Q

Respiratory System

A

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between air and circulating blood; produces sound.

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10
Q

Digestive System

A

Processes food and absorbs nutrients.

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11
Q

Urinary System

A

Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste.

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12
Q

Male Reproductive System

A

Produces sex cells and hormones.

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13
Q

Female Reproductive System

A

Produces sex cells and hormones; supports embryonic and fetal development from fertilization to birth.

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14
Q

First row of Abdominopelvic Regions

A

Right Hypochondriac Region, Epigastric Region, Left Hypochondriac Region.

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15
Q

Middle Row of Abdominopelvic Regions

A

Right Lumbar Region, Umbilical Region, Left Lumbar Region.

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16
Q

Bottom Row Abdominopelvic Regions

A

Right Inguinal Region, Hypogastric (pubic) Region, Left Inguinal Region

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17
Q

Frontal/Coronal Plane

A

Divides the body in anterior (front) and posterior (back) sections.

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18
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Divides the body into left and right sections
Midsagittal: divides the body in equal left and right halves
Parasagittal: runs parallel to the midsagittal line

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19
Q

Transverse Plane

A

A horizontal plane, lies at a right angle to the longitudinal axis.

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20
Q

Superior

A

Above, at a higher level.

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21
Q

Inferior

A

Below, at a lower level.

22
Q

Cranial/Cephalic

A

Toward the head.

23
Q

Caudal

A

Toward the tail.

24
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

The back or behind.

25
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

The front or before.

26
Q

Superficial

A

Close to the surface.

27
Q

Deep

A

Farther from the surface.

28
Q

Proximal

A

Toward an attached base.

29
Q

Distal

A

Away from an attached base.

30
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline.

31
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

32
Q

Molecular Level

A

Consists of water, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate molecules.

33
Q

Cellular Level

A

Contains cells and organelles that are made of molecules.

34
Q

Tissue Level

A

A group of specialized cells and cell products that work together and perform specific functions.

35
Q

Organ Level

A

Combinations of tissues that form complex functions.

36
Q

Organ System Level of Organization

A

A group of organs that function together to produce coordinated effects.

37
Q

Organism Level

A

Responsiveness, growth and differentiation, reproduction, movement, and metabolism.

38
Q

Hydrophobic Phospholipid Bilayer

A

The tails are hydrophobic (located inside the membrane)

39
Q

Hydrophilic Phospholipid Bilayer

A

The head is hydrophilic (located on the outside of the membrane)

40
Q

Integral Proteins

A

Act as channels and gates in the membrane to allow molecules to pass through.

41
Q

Types of Passive Transport

A

Diffusion, Osmosis, and Facilitated Diffusion

42
Q

Active Transport

A

Membrane permeability, the transport of materials across the plasma membrane using cellular energy.

43
Q

Microvilli

A

Small projections of the plasma membrane. Found in cells that absorb materials from extracellular fluid, increase surface area of plasma membrane.

44
Q

Mitochondria

A

Produces ATP by breaking down organic molecules. Part of cellular respiration

45
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains the DNA, the genetic blueprints, codes proteins.

46
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Synthesizes lipids, proteins & carbohydrates, stores products, transports, and detoxifies toxins.

47
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Packages enzymes, renews/modifies plasma membrane, and synthesizes & packages secretions.

48
Q

Lysosomes

A

Defend against disease and remove bacteria, fluids, and organic debris.

49
Q

Peroxisomes

A

Break down organic compounds forming hydrogen peroxide and enzymes convert hydrogen peroxide into water & oxygen.

50
Q

Cell Junctions

A

Specialized areas of the plasma membrane that attach cells together.
Gap Junctions, Tight Junctions, and Desmosomes

Anatomy (9 decks)

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