Anatomy (Rat and Human)

Question 0

Masseter

Answer 0

Elevates the mandible

Huge in the rat

Question 1

Function of the Pectoralis Major

Answer 1

Arm movement, respiration

Question 2

Digastric

Answer 2

Depressed the mandible

Raises the hyoid

Question 3

Oral Cavity

Answer 3

Salivary amylase-breaks down carbs

Question 4

Esophagus

Answer 4

Smooth muscle-peristalsis

-moves food from mouth to stomach

Question 5

Stomach

Answer 5

• Has pepsin
• rugae inside
• very acidic
• chyme

Question 6

Small intestine

Answer 6

Duodenum- where pancreatic enzymes and bile are released

-nutrient absorption

Question 7

Caecum

Answer 7

• Sac with bacteria that break down cellulose

- it’s is bigger in herbivores

Question 8

Large intestine

Answer 8

• most water absorption

- vitamin K and B12 are absorbed

Question 9

Liver

Answer 9

• Creates bile-emulsifies fats

- Site of fat soluble vitamin storage

Question 10

Gall bladder

Answer 10

-stores bile

(Rats don’t have one(

Question 11

Pancreas

Answer 11

• enzyme and hormone production

- pancreatic amylase: breaks down carbs

Question 12

Mesentery

Answer 12

Connective tissue holding the intestines together in the abdominal cavity

Question 13

Spleen

Answer 13

Recycles RBCs

Question 14

Trachea

Answer 14

• larynx
• supported by cartilaginous rings
• uses to take air to the lungs

Question 15

Lung

Answer 15

Primary organ of respiration

-includes alveoli

Question 16

Epiglottis

Answer 16

Prevents food from entering the trachea

Question 17

Diaphragm

Answer 17

Smooth muscle that changes the volume of the thoracic cavity for respiration
Separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities internally

Question 18

Coronary veins and arteries

Answer 18

Leave or enter the heart

Feed the heart

Question 19

Renal veins and arteries

Answer 19

To and from the kidneys

Question 20

Hepatic portal system

Answer 20

Takes nutrients to the LIVER from small intestine

Liver

Question 21

Kidney

Answer 21

Filters blood and removes waste

Question 22

Hilius

Answer 22

Ureter

Renal arteries and veins

Question 23

Urinary bladder

Answer 23

Stores urine

Question 24

Urethra

Answer 24

Where waste leaves the body as urine

Question 25

Scrotum

Answer 25

Maintains temperature of the testes

Question 26

Testis

Answer 26

Produce sperm and androgens

Question 27

Epididymis

Answer 27

Sperm storage and maturation

Question 28

Seminal vesicles

Answer 28

Secretes the majority of fluid that becomes semen

Question 29

Prostate

Answer 29

- secretes 20-30% of the fluid that becomes semen | - helps expel semen during ejaculation

Question 30

Spermatic chord

Answer 30

Transports sperm from testis to urethra

Question 31

Body of the uterus

Answer 31

Fetus storage and maturation in certain animals( like in humans)

Question 32

Horn of the uterus

Answer 32

Fetus storage and maturation in certain animals (like in rats)

Question 33

Yolk sac

Answer 33

Provides nutrients for the offspring

Question 34

Placenta

Answer 34

Hormone secretion, nutrient uptake, waste elimination, gas exchange

Question 35

Levels of biodiversity

Answer 35

Genetic Species Ecosystems

Question 36

Threats to Biodiversity

Answer 36

Habitat loss Introduces species Over exploitation

Question 37

Species interactions

Answer 37

Interspecific Competition Intraspecific Competition Predation Herbivory

Question 38

Mechanisms of Evolution

Answer 38

``` Mutation Gene Flow Genetic Drift Non-random Mating Natural selection ```

Question 39

Gene flow

Answer 39

The transfer of alleles from one population to another resulting from the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes

Question 40

Genetic Drift

Answer 40

A process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next

Question 41

Natural Selection

Answer 41

A process by which individuals that have certain inherited traits ten to survive and reproduce at higher rates

Question 42

HWE Requirements

Answer 42

Large population size No natural selection, mutation, gene flow, or genetic drift Random mating

Question 43

Characteristics of a monocot

Answer 43

``` 1 Cotyledon Leaf Venation is Parallel Vascular bundles are scattered Roots are fibrous Multiples of 3 ```

Question 44

Characteristics of a dicot

Answer 44

``` 2 Cotyledons Leaf Venation is net-like Vascular bundles are arranged in ring Taproots present Multiples of 4 and 5 ```

Question 45

Monocot vs dicot roots

Answer 45

Dicot roots have the T in the center | Monocot have a ring of vascular bundles