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Anatomy > Anatomy Test 1/31/2014 > Flashcards

Anatomy Test 1/31/2014 Flashcards

0
Q

Refers to back of part of a part, organ, or structure

A

Dorsal or posterior

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1
Q

Refers to the front of a part, organ, or structure

A

Ventral or anterior

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2
Q

Situated toward the front of the body

A

Anterior

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3
Q

Situated towards the back of the body

A

Posterior

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4
Q

Cross-horizontal plane, divides the body into the cranial or cephalad and caudad

A

Transverse plane

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5
Q

Upper toward the head (referring to transverse plane)

A

Cranial or cephalad

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6
Q

Lower, towards the feet (referring to transverse plane)

A

Caudad

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7
Q

The universal position from which all body positions and movements are described. The subject is standing upright, facing the observer. The arms are straightened, with palms facing forward

A

Anatomical position

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8
Q

The full distance that a joint can be moved

A

Range of motion

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9
Q

Moving an extremity at its joint closer to the trunk

A

Flexion

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10
Q

Return of a joint from a flexed position

A

Extension

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11
Q

When the palm faces upward

A

Supination

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12
Q

When the palm faces downward

A

Pronation

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13
Q

Rotating or turning an extremity medially toward the midline

A

Internal rotation

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14
Q

Rotating or moving an extremity at its joint away from the midline

A

External rotation

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15
Q

Movement of a body part away from the midline

A

Abduction

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16
Q

Movement of a body part toward the midline

A

Adduction

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17
Q

Any position in which the patient is lying down or leaning back

A

Recumbent

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18
Q

Position where the body is resting on its back with the face upward

A

Supine

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19
Q

A body that is lying with the face and abdomen downward

A

Prone

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20
Q

A patient who is sitting up is in the?

A

Fowler’s position

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21
Q

Modification of the supine position with the patients head down and the lower extremities elevated approximately 12’’

A

Trendelenburg’s position

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22
Q

Left lateral recumbent position. Or laying patient on their left side?

A

Recovery position

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23
Q

A viscous liquid matrix that supports all internal cellular structures (organelles)

A

Protoplasm

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24
Q

The double layer of fatty components that create the outside of the cell membrane

A

Lipid bilayer

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25
Q

Allowing some but not all substances to pass through a membrane to maintain homeostasis

A

Selective permeability

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26
Q

Movement of particles or solutes from an area of high concentration to low concentration

A

Diffusion

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27
Q

Shrinkage of a cell that results when too much water leaves the cell through osmosis

A

Crenation

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28
Q

The process of disintegration or breakdown of cells that occurs when excess water enters the cell through osmosis

A

Lysis

29
Q

Endocytosis involving solid particles which means “cell eating”

A

Phagocytosis

30
Q

Endocytosis involving liquid called “cell drinking”

A

Pinocytosis

31
Q

Movement of a chemical by the use of energy through a gradient, such as a cell membrane, in concentration or electrical potential. This movement is opposite the normal movement by diffusion

A

Active transport

32
Q

The major source of energy for all chemical reactions of the body

A

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

33
Q

Hair like microtubule projections on the surface of a cell that can move materials over the cell surface

A

Cilia

34
Q

A tail like microtubule structure capable of motion to propel the cell

A

Flagellum

35
Q

The division of one cell into two genetically identical and equal daughter cells. 46 chromosomes

A

Mitosis

36
Q

A specialized form of cell division that results in the production of mature sperm and ova

A

Meiosis

37
Q

The two sets of 23 chromosomes, one set donated by each parent, found in all cells, except sperm and ova cells, which only contain a total of 23 chromosomes

A

Diploid

38
Q

The 23 chromosomes found in sperm or ova cell

A

Haploid

39
Q

Flat sheets of epithelial cells

A

Squamous

40
Q

Rows of square-shaped epithelial cells

A

Cuboidal

41
Q

Rows of tall, thin epithelial cells

A

Columnar

42
Q

A single layer of cells, all of which are in contact with the basement membrane of the epithelial cell. Found where?

A

Simple epithelium

Kidneys

43
Q

More than one layer of cells, only one of which is in contact with the basement membrane of the epithelial cell. found where?

A

Stratified epithelium

Esophagus

44
Q

A single layer of epithelial cells of varying heights, all of which attach to the basement membrane, but all do not reach the free surface. Found where?

A

Pseudostratified epithelium

Trachea

45
Q

Layers of stratified cells that change shape from cuboidal to squamous when the organ is stretched. found in where?

A

Transitional epithelium

Stomach

46
Q

Consciously controlled, as in skeletal muscle tissue

A

Voluntary

47
Q

Not normally under conscious control, as in muscle

A

Involuntary

48
Q

Striated voluntary muscle used to move the body parts

A

Skeletal muscle

49
Q

Striated involuntary muscle that has the capacity to generate and conduct electrical impulses

A

Cardiac muscle

50
Q

Nonstriated involuntary muscle found in vessel walls, glands, and the GI tract

A

Smooth muscle

51
Q

A component of the nerve cell that conducts electrical impulses away from the nerve cell body

A

Axons

52
Q

Tough white bands of tissue that bind joints together, connecting bone to bone and cartilage

A

Ligaments

53
Q

Tough cords or bands of dense white fibrous connective tissue that are continuous with the periosteum of the bone

A

Tendons

54
Q

A division of the skeletal system, which includes the extremities and their attachments to the body

A

Appendicular region

55
Q

The armpit

A

Axilla

56
Q

The anterior surface at the bend of the elbow

A

Antecubital fossa

57
Q

Space behind the knee

A

Popliteal fossa

58
Q

A devision of the skeletal system, which includes the head, neck, and trunk

A

Axial region

59
Q

Three layers of the meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid layer
Pia mater

60
Q

The portion of the serous membrane that lines the walls of the trunk cavities

A

Parietal portion

61
Q

The portion of a serous membrane that covers the outside of an internal organ

A

Visceral portion

62
Q

The space between the lungs, in the center of the chest, that contains the heart, trachea, mainstem bronchi, part of the esophagus, and large blood vessels

A

Mediastinum

63
Q

Area located posterior to the parietal peritoneum that contains the kidney, pancreas, duodenum, and major blood vessels

A

Retroperitoneal space

64
Q

RUQ

A

Liver, gallbladder, umbilicus

Right Upper Quadrant

65
Q

LUQ

A

Stomach, costal arch, spleen

Left Upper Quadrant

66
Q

RLQ

A

Iliac crest, cecum, appendix, rectum

Right Lower Quadrant

67
Q

LLQ

A

Colon, small intestine, inguinal ligament

Left Lower Quadrant

68
Q

Largest organ in the body

A

Skin

69
Q

How many bones in the skeletal system

A

206

Anatomy (9 decks)

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