Anatomy: The Ear

Question 1

What is the pterion?

Answer 1

an H shaped suture on the lateral aspect of the skull

Question 2

What are the two parts of the temporal bone?

Answer 2

The petrous and squamous part

Question 3

The petrous part of the temporal bone contains what three important structures.

Answer 3

the organs of hearing and balance
the facial nerve
the vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 4

What type of cartilage is in the external ear

Answer 4

elastic

Question 5

What glands are contained within the ear canal and produce wax

Answer 5

ceruminous glands

Question 6

What nerve supplies (sensory) the superior part of the EAM and most of the tympanic membrane

Answer 6

V3

Question 7

What nerve supplies (sensory) to the inferior part of the EAM and tympanic membrane

Answer 7

vagus

Question 8

What is the name of the thin part of the tympanic membrane superiorly?

Answer 8

Pars flaccida (superiorly)

Question 9

What is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane?

Answer 9

the umbo

Question 10

What is the name of the thick part of the tympanic membrane

Answer 10

the pars tensa (posteroinferiorly)

Question 11

Where is the cone of light normally directed in an otoscopic examination

Answer 11

anteroinferiorly

Question 12

What supplies the sensory nerve supply to the external surface of the tympanic membrane

Answer 12

V3 (auriculotemporal branch of the trigeminal nerve)

Question 13

what gives the sensory nerve supply to the internal surface of the tympanic membrane

Answer 13

glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 14

What supplies the middle ear, eustachian tube, nasopharynx, oropharynx and tonsils with sensory innervation

Answer 14

glossopharyngeal (IX)

Question 15

What tonsil is in the roof of the nasopharynx

Answer 15

pharyngeal

Question 16

what tonsil is in the lateral wall of the oropharynx

Answer 16

palatine

Question 17

What gives sensory supply to the laryngo pharynx

Answer 17

vagus

Question 18

What is the function of the Eustachian tube

Answer 18

connects the middle ear cavity to the nasopharynx

Question 19

what is the promontoryq

Answer 19

bony swelling on the medial wall of the middle ear cavity formed by the cochlea of the internal ear

Question 20

what is the aditus

Answer 20

doorway into the right mastoid antrun from the epitympanic recess

Question 21

what is the name of the space inside the otic capsule

Answer 21

the bony labyrinth

Question 22

what is the name of the apex of the spiral of the cochlea

Answer 22

the cupula

Question 23

what is the name of the fluid contained in the bony labyrinth

Answer 23

perilymph

Question 24

what is the name of the fluid within the semicircular and cochear ducts

Answer 24

endolymph

Question 25

what nerves are in the internal acoustic meatus

Answer 25

the vestibulocochlear nerve ( made up of the vestibular and cochlear nerve) and the facial nerve

Question 26

what nerve supplies tast buds at the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Answer 26

chorda tympani (branch of VII)

Question 27

what else does the chorda tympahny supply

Answer 27

the parasympathetic supply to the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Question 28

what is the function of the tensor tympani?

Answer 28

skeletal muscle which pulls on the handle of the malleus

Question 29

what is the function of the stapedius muscle

Answer 29

reduces stapes movement to protect the internal ear from excess noise

Question 30

what supplies the tensor typani (nerve

Answer 30

V3

Question 31

what nerve supplies the stapedius

Answer 31

VII

Question 32

where does the facial nerve divide

Answer 32

parotid salivary gland

Question 33

what can be caused due to pathology of CN VII

Answer 33

ipsilateral loss of facial expression or taste dry mouth reduced general sensation in the auricle

Question 34

what can be caused by pathology of CN VIII

Answer 34

ipsilateral loss of hearing and/or balance