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Anatomy > Anatomy Unit 6 > Flashcards

Anatomy Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Neurons and what is their main function?

A

The Main units of the nervous system. They transmit electrochemical signals.

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2
Q

What are Dendrites?

A

The receiving end of a neuron.

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3
Q

What are Axons?

A

The sender end of a neuron.

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4
Q

What are Neuroglia?

A

The “Helper” cell of the nervous system

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5
Q

What are receptors?

A

The ends of neurons that detect changes inside & outside of the body (sensory function)

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6
Q

What are effectors?

A

Cells outside of the nervous system that are controlled by neurons. Examples included muscles, glands, and organs.

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7
Q

What are the main functions of the Nervous System?

A

Detecting changes inside & outside of the body, Making decisions, and sending signals to muscles and glands so they can respond.

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8
Q

What is the main function of Myelin/Myelin Sheath?

A

Insulate neuron signals

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9
Q

What is the main function of Sensory Neurons?

A

Send impulses from body parts toward the brain/SC

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10
Q

Where are the interneurons?

A

Entirely within the brain/SC

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11
Q

What is the main function of motor neurons?

A

The send impulses from the brain/SC toward effectors

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12
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The space between neurons

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13
Q

What is a neurotransmitter?

A

A chemical that sends a signal across a synapse

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14
Q

What is included in the Central Nervous System?

A

The brain and spinal cord

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15
Q

What is included in the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

The cranial and spinal nerves

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16
Q

What is the function of the Somatic Nervous System?

A

To control voluntary activity

17
Q

What is the function of the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

To control involuntary activity

18
Q

What is the function of the Sympathetic Nervous System?

A

Fight or Flight

19
Q

What is function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

A

Rest & Digest

20
Q

What is the structural difference between white and gray matter?

A

White matter has myelin, while gray matter does not.

21
Q

What type of neurons can regenerate, and why?

A

Peripheral neurons, because the myelin sheath is surrounded by a tube of neurilemma

22
Q

What type of neurons cannot regenerate, and why?

A

CNS neurons, because they are not surrounded by neurolemma.

23
Q

What is the structure of Multipolar Neurons?

A

Having processes arising from all through the body.

24
Q

What is the structure of Bipolar neurons?

A

Parts of the body such as the eyes, nose, and ears.

25
Q

What is the structure of Unipolar neurons?

A

It has a single axon.

26
Q

What is the function of Sensory neurons?

A

To conduct from peripheral body parts to the brain

27
Q

What is the function of Interneurons?

A

To link together parts of the brain.

28
Q

What is the function of Motor neurons?

A

To control muscle contraction.

Anatomy (9 decks)

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