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Great Civ 2014-2015 > Ancient China > Flashcards

Ancient China Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

Important rivers China

A

Yellow River and Yangtze River

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2
Q

About the rivers China

A

Futile, provides transportation, flow to the east

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3
Q

Natural Boundaries China

A

Isolated, has deserts and mountains and rain forests, greatly protected

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4
Q

Where is China vulnerable?

A

North

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5
Q

Agriculture China

A

…

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6
Q

Weather in regions China

A

Rainy and warm in south

Cold and dry in north

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7
Q

Resources China

A

Wood, metal, rice, silk

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8
Q

Trade China

A

Don’t need it, doing great, silk road

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9
Q

Geographic impact on economics China

A

Strong

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10
Q

Geographic unity China

A

Rivers help, almost always unified

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11
Q

Isolated? China

A

Yes, don’t like outsiders

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12
Q

Name? China

A

The Middle Kingdom

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13
Q

The Dynastic Cycle

A

…

“Power to the people”

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14
Q

The Mandate of Heaven

A

Heaven gave people permission to rule, but when problems happen it is as if heaven is taking their permission back

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15
Q

Dynasties in the Formative Age

A

Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Qin Dynasty

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16
Q

Dynasties in the Age of Early Empire

A

Han Dynasty, Sui Dynasty, T’ang Dynasty

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17
Q

Evidence of Shang Dynasty

A

Oracle bones (tortoise shells) (put question on shell and burn it and then read the cracks), tombs (human sacrifice), bronze

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18
Q

Technology of Shang Dynasty

A

Bronze wax art, shows sophistication

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19
Q

Writing system China

A

Ideographic, great, only rich could read/write,

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20
Q

Power of kings in Zhou Dynasty

A

Losing power because too many princes and natural disasters

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21
Q

The Warring States Zhou Dynasty

A

Princes turned each area into own ‘district’, each prince had great warfare
Called The Warring States

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22
Q

Zhou Dynasty innovations

A

Weapons, canals, bridges, coins (instead of just exchanging)

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23
Q

Social Structure China

A

Kings
Nobles (writers/literate and government officials, no priests)
Peasants (making stuff so respected)
Artisans (making stuff so respected)
Merchants and warriors (warriors weren’t popular or valued, because Taoism and Confucianism didn’t prefer violence) (merchants because civilians didn’t like outsiders, who merchants deal with)

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24
Q

Mobility China

A

Not much, but peasants could become warriors

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25
Women China
Secondary citizens Seen as property Son preference (because could work to get money, and didn't have to be paid off when married) Get husbands and fathers names
26
Agriculture basics China
Rice in south east, wheat in north
27
Main export China
Silk
28
Filial Piety
Respect to parents and elders
29
Five Relationships
``` Five important relationships Ruler to ruled Father to son Husband to wife Older brother to younger brother Friend to friend ```
30
Shi Huang Ti means
The First Emperor
31
Items Shi Huang Ti standardized
Money/coinage system, governmental system, taxes
32
Name of famous trade route that developed during the Han Dynasty
The Silk Road
33
Foreign philosophy which came to China because of Silk Road
Buddhism
34
Multiple choice for China, pick wrong one: Trade grew Some of Shi Huang Ti's policies were followed China expanded in size and influence The rulers supported legalism
The rulers supported legalism
35
Shih Huang Ti
Unifies China First empire Creates the word "empire" Legalist
36
Shih Huang Ti's accomplishments
Unified China Created tax system Connected great walls Standardization
37
Why Shih Huang Ti was hated
``` Legalist Burned many books Against Confucianism Spent all money on own tomb and Great Wall Feared him ```
38
How Shih Huang Ti is viewed
Crucial Respected "May not be so bad" Feared him
39
Formative Age characteristics
Unified, many innovations, not much war, standardization, set up basics till 1911
40
Reputation of Han Dynasty
Golden age, lots of trade, wealthy, bigger than Qin, better ruler,s, no legalism, Confucianism is back
41
Innovations of Han Dynasty
Silk Road started Buddhism entered China Paper, steel, surgery
42
Expansion of Han Dynasty
Expanded a lot | Population grew a lot
43
Trade of Han Dynasty
Didn't need imports | Exports: silk, spices, cloths
44
Great Wall creation Han Dynasty
Created because knew couldn't beat opponents, so made Great Wall to stop them
45
Unification during Sui Dynasty
Reunified China
46
Accomplishments of Sui Dynasty
Great Wall, Grand Canal (Yangtze to Yellow), land equalization
47
Decline of Sui Dynasty
Great Wall and Grand Canal were very expensive Rulers were harsh Short and important age
48
T'ang Dynasty basics
Golden Age, bigger than Sui Dynasty, many accomplishments, lots of trade, great economy, great arts
49
T'ang Dynasty being urban
Very cosmopolitan, "worldy", open to other cultures
50
Imports during T'ang Dynasty
Tea
51
Printing in T'ang Dynasty
Block printing
52
Empress Wu Zhou
Not much known because want to erase powerful women from history Ruled alone, only empress who did Favored Buddhism Not liked because favored Buddhism, and Buddhism was seen as a foreign religion
53
Age of Early Empire characteristics
Great accomplishments, amazing trade (Silk Road), many Golden Ages, bigger than other ages
54
Sung Dynasty overarching theme
Always delt with barbarians by Great Wall, but now they are coming in and taking over parts of China Barbarians grew stronger
55
Barbarians acts during Sung Dynasty
When took over Northern area cut China off from The Silk Road and their cultural origination
56
Prosperity of Sung Dynasty
Sea Trade, expansion, new inventions, amazing arts, very wealthy, culture,
57
Population status during Sung Dynasty
Population growing, becoming more urban
58
China food binding
During Sung Dynasty | For rich women
59
Mongol (Yuan) Dynasty reason for being successful
Strong horses and strong warfare
60
Genghis Khan
Combined all independent Mongol tribes | Name means "Universal Ruler"
61
After Genghis Khans death
Split into provinces (khanates) and someone took control over each province
62
Kublai Khan
Ruled China and started Mongol Dynasty | Peaceful time during rule
63
Problem with Kublai Khan
Wasn't Chinese
64
Reputation of Mongol Dynasty
Not big fans of this dynasty because controlled by Mongols
65
Marco Polo
Worked with Kublai Khan His journals tell us how amazing Mongol Dynasty was Other people who read journal didn't believe him
66
Problem with Mongol Dynasty
Segregation between Mongols and Chinese
67
Quote about Ming Dynasty
"China's last native imperial dynasty" | Meaning it's not ruled by outsiders
68
Beginning of Ming Dynasty
Peaceful, keeping nomads out, amazing art, very prosperous
69
Capital of Ming Dynasty
Beijing
70
Where rulers lived in Ming Dynasty
The Forbidden City
71
Ming Dynasty invention involving paper
The Printing Press
72
Ming Dynasty expeditions
Voyages done by Admiral Zheng He | Conquests
73
Admiral Zheng He
Ming Dynasty Chinas Columbus Got conquests 7 voyages
74
Stopping of expeditions in Ming Dynasty
Stopped everything with voyages and borders | Because thought they had everything and merchants were getting too powerful and prosperous
75
Why stopping expeditions hurt China in Ming Dynasty
Weakened economy | Made China fall behind
76
Portuguese arrival during Ming Dynasty
Chinese didn't like them | Came because exotic goods and wanted to spread Christianity
77
Age of Late Empire characteristics
Contact with outsiders, great art, expanding
78
End of Ming Dynasty
Great Civilization, but is struggling
79
Reason is called 'China'
Visitors heard 'Qin' and thought China was the name instead of Middle Kingdom
80
Confucius
Born into a poor family Started Confucianism Created Confucianism because believed that society had lost core values and traditions (respect for family)
81
Confucianism basics
Five Relationships No real concept of God Philosophy vs religion
82
Golden Age Dynasties
T'ang Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Sung Dynasty
83
Tarnished Dynasties
Mongol Dynasty and X
84
Tambre
Key point in Chinese music | About the character of the voice vs the pitch
85
Music basics China
Sound influences harmony of the universe Only rich people could become musicians Pentatonic scales
86
Great Wall of China
China couldn't battle barbarians (Huns) so created wall in north People didn't like because wasted money (raised taxes) and got many people killed in the process of making
87
Filial Piety
X
88
Writing system
C | Word for writing is the same as civilization
89
3 doctrines
Buddhism, confucianism, Taoism
90
Trade China
Export: silk Import: only tea
91
Buddhism China
Buddhism arrived to China through the Silk Road
92
Importance of family China
X Five relationships Confucianism promotes family
93
Taoism basics
X
94
Examination system basics
X
95
Tortoise shells (oracle bones)
From the formative age
96
Heterophony
Slightly different versions of the same melody played by two or more musicians
97
The God/spirit of Taoism
The Dao
98
Founder of Taoism
Lazoi | Means "old master"
99
Balance of Taoism
Was really important | Yin and yang
100
Main mentality of Taoism
Non violence
101
Legalism
Harsh religion Belief that laws are the most important Believes being smart is bad

Great Civ 2014-2015 (5 decks)

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