Ancient Civilizations Review: Not finished Flashcards
(105 cards)
1
Q
The most advanced of the civilizations that flourished between the 3rd and the 16th century was?
A
The Mayas.
2
Q
What territory did the Mayas occupy?
A
The Yucatan Peninsula, Belize, Guatemala, and parts of El Salvador and Honduras
3
Q
Ruins of Mayas’s temples, tombs, sculptures and murals can be seen in places such as…?
A
Chichén-Itzá (yucatan) and Uxmal (mexico)
4
Q
What made the Mayas advanced?
A
their architecture, astronomy, complex system of hieroglyphics, and mathematics. Their very precise sun calendar was determined by complex mathematical calculations.
5
Q
to achieve, manage
A
lograr
6
Q
to belong to
A
pertenecer
7
Q
to furnish, supply
A
proveer
8
Q
to get rid of
A
exterminar
9
Q
to defear
A
derrotar
10
Q
to testify, prove
A
atestiguar
11
Q
to place oneself, live, settle
A
situarse
12
Q
indigenous, native
A
indígena
13
Q
native
A
indio, oriundo
14
Q
local
A
nativo
15
Q
daily
A
diario, cotidiana
16
Q
political, politic
A
político
17
Q
largest
A
mayor
18
Q
smallest
A
menor
19
Q
warlike
A
guerrero/a, bélico/a
20
Q
artisan collective
A
artesanado
21
Q
exactly
A
precisamente
22
Q
capital (resources)
A
el capital
23
Q
capital (place)
A
la capital
24
Q
protection wall/gated community
A
el mural
25
myth
el mito
26
legend, tale
la leyenda
27
success
el éxito
28
time period
la época
29
palace
el palacio
30
tribe
el tribu
31
pyramid
la pirámide
32
army
el ejército
33
decline/decadence
la decadencia
34
peak
el apogeo
35
Where was the first latin-american literature from.
The Mayas. They were the only ones who had an advanced writing system.
36
The civilization that developed its empire during the 15th century was the:
Aztecs
37
The capital city of this empire was _______ and is now known as Mexico City.
Tenochtitlán
38
Religion dominated their lives and they built large temples in the form of_______
pyramids
39
Aztec sculptures are very detailed and the most famous is________
Calendar Sun Stone
40
This indigenous civilization thrived in the mountains of the:
Andes (Incas)
41
The Inca's empire extended from ____ to ___________ and its center was in _____
Ecuador, center of Chile, Perú
42
The Incas success was due to a highly structured________________
political and social system.
43
The Inca also had a strong _________ and a magnificent system of ___________.
military, communication (paths through the mountains).
44
for other civilizations
add location and time period, a pick and chose some of the easiest themes that they probably presented on.
45
The capital city of the Incas was ____ and all points of the empire communicated with this city
Cuzco (modern day Peru)
46
The Inca developed a system of cord and knots of various colors and sizes to write and count that formed a:
a rope/knots to act as written communication.
47
The two animals that were used in the high Andean plains for transport, food, milk and wool for clothing were the
alpaca and llama.
48
Other minor civilizations:
Caribes, Las Chibchas, Los guaraníes, Los araucanos.
49
Where were the Caribes, and what were they famous for?
Antilles (Antillas in spanish-- Caribbean islands), being a fierce, military based community
50
Where were the Chibchas, and what were they famous for?
Colombia, expert craftsmen (especially with gold)
51
Where were the guaraníes, and what are they famous for?
Paraguay, Today their language is spoken in Paraguay just as much as Spanish. Their language is called guaraní.
52
Where were the araucanos, and what are they famous for?
originalmente de la costa de Chile, pero hoy día en Argentina. their strong fight against the Spanish when the Spanish arrived.
53
The group that is considered the first group of major importance to the region that is now known as Mexico is the
the Olmecs (olmecas)
54
when were the Olmecs successful?
1600 BCE to around 350 BCE
55
The Olmecas built_______ and are most well known for their _______
ceremonial centers, huge sculptures of heads (called the Olmec Colossal Heads).
56
The Aztecs were very______
religious and advanced.
57
other tribes did what to the aztecs?
paid tributes
58
What was the Aztec ruler and who ruled it when the Spanish arrived in the 16th century
most powerful, Moctezuma
59
Toltecas: location, time period, most famous for
central Mexico (Tollan capital) 950–1168, craftsmanship of metal and stone, large human statues.Quetzalcoatl: feathered serpent, most important deity- knowledge.
60
Zapotecas: location, time period, most famous for
Southern Mexico, to west of Yucatan. Small place, 700 BC–16th century. Believed in mesoamerican religion. Oaxaca Valley developed a writing system, calendar, religion, and reached notable achievements in artistic and architectural pursuits, among others. They also developed governing systems with priests and monarch figures at the very top of the social hierarchy in their respective city-states.
61
Taínos: location, time period, most famous for
Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands (Caribbean Islands) around 400 BC. Encounter by Christopher colombus. Their gods were called Zemis. Spoke Arwackan. Had a chief and priests (cacique and boquice lower).
62
Language of the Aztecs?
Nahuatl
63
Rapa Nui: location, time period, most famous for
Easter (Pasqua) Island in Chile. Have existed for a long time. Moai statues (heads) no one knows how they got there. Polynesian
64
Arawaco: location, time period, most famous for
Northern Colombia, Venezuela, caribbean, Nabusimake (capital), still exists, dancing, chiefs, have many wives. Sugar and coffee.
65
to flourish
florecer
66
to develop
desarrollar
67
to construct
construir
68
to dominate
dominar
69
to celebrate
celebrar
70
to sacrifice
sacrificar
71
to include
incluir
72
to communicate
comunicar
73
to tie a knot
hacer un nudo
74
to arrive, bring
llegar
75
to get rid of
exterminar
76
to fight
luchar
77
to disappear
desaparecer
78
human
humano
79
detailed
detallado
80
social
social
81
organized
organizado
82
still, yet
todavía
83
like
como
84
century
el siglo
85
time period, era
la época
86
empire
el imperio
87
state, condition
el estado
88
territory
el territorio
89
peninsula
la península
90
ruins
la ruina
91
tomb
la tumba
92
sculpture
la escultura
93
palace
el palacio
94
building
el edificio
95
religion
la religión
96
stone
la piedra
97
system
el sistema
98
government
el gobierno
99
emperor
el emperador
100
god
el dios
101
cord
cuerda
102
size
tamaño
103
wool
lana
104
food
la alimentación
105
clothing
la vestimenta
