Ancient Egypt Flashcards
(23 cards)
Ptolemaic Period
323-30 BCE
Greece took over ancient Egypt
Second Intermediate Period and New Kingdom
1550-1080 BCE
a lot of papyri from this period
Egyptian sources of Information
- artistic interpretations
- instruments
- paleopathology: dead bodies
- references in historical, social and literary records
metu
a networked body
- networks of tubes throughout body: 22-52 paths
- carry bodily fluids or malignant spirits
key points in the body
heart= seed of intelligence and emotion anus= believed that the corruption of the body was caused by bad food or bad digestion
putrefication
poisoning of the body through bad digestion or bad food
- importance of emetics and enemas because they expell this corruption
thoth
deity of healing and science
- self created deity that was made from chaos and order
Sekhmet
goddess of disease
- angry goddess that will ravage body with disease
- sacrifice things for her to prevent disease
selquet
goddess of scorpions
- scorpions were common and had to deal with them
- believed in god in hope of prevention
isis
goddess of magic and women
- associated with childbirth and motherhood
- mother of horus (divine physician)
horus
divine physician
Imhotep and Amenhotep
divine doctors
- 27th century BCE
- becomes healing saint after proving their divination, not gods
swnw
Egyptian word for physician
- Hesy Ra= 2600 BCE
Merit Ptah
- female physician in Ancient Egypt
- 2700 BCE
Peseshet of the Old Kingdom
possible female overseer of physicians or just specifically female physicians
midwives and nurses in Egypt
- used for aid during childbirth
- very prevalent throughout society because doctors rarely aided in childbirth
- families looked to women in family to care for sick or elders
surgery in Egypt
- doctors would learn about the inside of the human body by reading documents from embalmers
- surgery was not done bc too risky, infection, hemorrhaging, and anesthesia
- learned from embalmers the benefits of bandages
Tebeketenmut Toe
- prosthetic toe made for a priest’s daughter
- made out of leather and wood, tested in Manchester for functionality
- may have had diabetes which led to toe being amputated
Kahun Gynecological Papyrus
- found in the late 19th century, religious style script
- basic instructions to treat disorders
- many believed that any issue with a woman could be attributed to her uterus travelling around her body
Edwin Smith Papyrus
- 1650-1550 BCE
- trauma treatis
- the writing of this tracks three different people
Author (2600-2200 BCE), Commentator, Scribe
Shesau manuals
writing in the form of an instruction manual
- how to diagnose a patient, what is wrong with them
- prognosis, whether or not a patient will recover
- how you as a doctor will treat the patients
Pekhret
recipes without instruction
- just lists of recipes
- no examination or prognosis
Ebers or Smith Papyrus
- 1534 BCE
- longest medical papyrus
- medical/ scientific papyrus on one side with incantations and magical approaches on the other side