Ancient Greece Flashcards
(163 cards)
1
Q
where did the mycenaeans come from
A
grasslands of southern russia
2
Q
What did the mycenaeans kings build on hilltops
A
fortress palaces
3
Q
what was land divided into by the mycenaeans
A
estates
4
Q
where did the minoan civilization arise
A
on crete, an island in the Mediterranean Sea
5
Q
what were the minoans also known as
A
cretans
6
Q
what type of workmen were the minoans good at
A
carpententry
7
Q
what changed did the minoans make to their ships
A
made them slimmer, 2-3 masts instead of one
8
Q
what did the minoan people look like
A
bronze skin and long dark hair
9
Q
what did minoan men wear
A
striped loincloths , trousers that bagged at the knees
10
Q
what did the minoan women wear
A
full skirts and short-sleeved jackets that laced in the front
11
Q
who built what was probably the worlds first arena
A
cretes
12
Q
in what two ways were the minoan cities different then those of other ancient civilizations
A
at the heart of every city stood a palace rather then a temple
also, the cities didn’t have walls around them. they depended on the navy to protect them.
13
Q
where did the minoans rise
A
crete; an island in the mediterranean sea
14
Q
who were the rulers of crete
A
priest kings
15
Q
what did the priest kings do
A
made the laws and represented the god on earth
16
Q
what would the priest kings do on mount Juktas
A
they climbed to the top to look for a sign from heaven that would tell them the will of the gods. they would then go down and tell their people what the gods said to do
17
Q
were the minoans monotheistic or polytheistic
A
polytheistic; belief in many gods
18
Q
what is the legend that explains the fall of the minoans
A
THESUS AND THE MINOTAUR.
19
Q
the legend of thesus and the minotaur
A
thesus was brought to be sacrificed to the minotaur, the king. thesis was put into the labyrinth , fought the minotaur with a magical sword and killed the minotaur. The minotaur died and so did the power of the minoans.
20
Q
what did the Mycenaeans rely on to get more meat
A
hunting
21
Q
what did the Mycenaeans begin to copy of the Minoans
A
gold and bronze work
22
Q
what language did the myceneans use
A
they adapted to the cretan script
23
Q
what was the biggest agriculture part pf the myceneans
A
the growth and usage of olives. It made them rich
24
Q
were the mycenenas good or bad at ship building
A
very good
25
did the mycenenas engage in battle
yes they were try warriors at heart
26
what did the mycenean soldiers use in battle
large hid shields, fought with spears and swords
27
were the myceneans ever noticed for their skill in battle
yes by about 1400 BC they replaced the Minoans as the chief power of the Aegean world
28
what are the myceneans most famous for
their attack on troy
29
who the attack on troy over
a women, helen
30
what happened in the attack on troy
fighting, blah blah blah, wooden horse as a gift, blah blah blah, hid in the horse, blah blah blah, came out at night and killed everyone, blah blah blah, took helen, blah blah blah
31
what happened after the battle of troy
the myceneans declined and started having civil wars between themselves
32
who conquered the myceneans
the dorians
33
after the civil wars and the dorian attack what happened
the Aegean world entered a "dark Age"
34
who was the most important god according to the minoans
mother earth
35
where was sparta
south-central region of greece
36
who ruled sparta
two kings who ruled jointly
37
how much power did the kings of sparta have
little power, only duties were to lead the army and conduct religious services
38
who were the only people that could be spartan citizens
aristocrats
39
what happened with citizens over 20 in sparta
they ere members of the assembly
40
did the spartans like farming
they had little interest in it
41
what was most important to the spartans
their military
42
what happened to newborn babies when they were born
they were examined to seed if they were healthy. if they were they could live, if they weren't they were left hillside to die
43
what did spartan boys do
went to live in military camps
44
what age did spartan boys go to military camps
age 7
45
what age were spartan men expect to marry at
20
46
what age could they retire from the military
age 60
47
rights of spartan women
could mix freely with men
enjoyed sports
vote
own land
48
what did spartan women tell their husband before going out to battle and what did it mean
"With this shield or upon it"
| meant either come back victorious or come back dead
49
did the spartans like new ways of life
no they believed it would weaken their way of life
50
where were the athens located
aegean coast
51
what type of government did the athens have
oligarchy
52
what happened within the athens government
fights began to break out so they had to change it
53
who took the first attempt to change the government
draco
54
did draco's try at change work? why or why not
no because hi punishments were to harsh
55
who was chosen after draco to change the government
solon
56
what are the things solon did
prepared a constitution
set a limit on how much land someone could own
gave landowners the right to vote in the assembly
erased all debts
freed all people who had forced into enslavement because of debt
ordered all fathers to teach their trade to their son
57
did people like solon
no; rich thought he went to far, poor thought he didn't go far enough
58
who took over the government after solon
Peisistratus
59
after Peistratus died what happened to the government
it was overthrown by the spartans
60
who overthrew he spartans
Cleisthenes
61
what did cleisthenes put into affect for the first time in the world
first democracy
62
what is the council of 500
group of 500 people chosen at random that handled the daily business of athens
63
why did the athenians prefer choosing council members by lot rather then voting
election victors usually won because they had money or could speak well
and they vv believed all their citizens were smart enough to old public office
64
when did athenian males become citezins
age 18
65
who sent 600 ships and a well equipped army to greece
darius
66
what does 'Nike' mean
victory
67
who won the battle of marathon
greeks
68
did the persians return
yes
69
who brought the persians back
xerces, darius' son
70
where did the greeks and persians under Xerces fight
Thermopylae
71
who led the spartans at the battle of thermopylae
leonidas
72
what happened to the spartan soldiers
all of them died including leonidas
73
what did the persians do to athens
they burnt it all down
74
what was the delian league
a protective group that had its headquarters in delos
75
what did the delian league turn into
the athenian empire
76
how did the peloponnesian war begin
the athenians attacked one of spartas allies, a group of citiy states declared war on athens
77
how did the peloponnesian war end
athens surrendered to sparta
78
how did the peloponnesian war affect athens
they were never quite as powerful as they had been before it
79
what happened after the peloponnesian war
sparta ruled greece
80
who overthrew spartan rule of all of greece
thebes
81
were the thebes successful after the conquer
no it just made everything worse
82
who conquered greece for the final time
Phillip II of Macedonia
83
what was the center of greek life
city states
84
where did greeks go to for advice
oracles
85
what the official religion of greece
there was no official religion, but many of them shared the same beliefs
86
who did the greeks worship during the golden age
the gods of mount olympus
87
how many major gods and goddess were there
12
88
what did the greeks do to honor their gods
built temples. they didn't not enter them because they thought it was the home of the god. they worshipped outside
89
what was held to honro the god zeus
the olympics
90
how often were the olympics held
every four year
91
where were the first olym[ic games
olympia, Greece
92
what happened during the games with war
all wars were halted
93
who could take part in the games
only men
94
what did women do during the games
stayed at home, they weren't even allowed to watch
95
what were some olympic games
wrestling, boxing, running, chariot races, pancatium, pentathlon
96
what did the winners of each event get
only the first place winner was recognized, everyone else didn't matter. they got laurel wreaths
97
what were some olympic games
wrestling, boxing, running, chariot races, pancatium, pentathlon
98
what were some of the first greek plays
tragedies which dealt with death and the relationships between peoples and god
99
who was theatre an honor to
the god dionysus
100
what were some of the first greek plays
tragedies which dealt with death and the relationships between peoples and god
101
who were three of the great writers of tragedy
aeschylus, sopocles, and Euripides
102
after tragedies what kind of plays were there
comedies
103
what were comedies about
about the present
104
why did they wear masks
to show emotion and amplify their voices
105
hat did the actors wear
masks
106
why did they wear masks
to show emotion and amplify their voices
107
how did people react to socrates
some people liked him while others were very displeased
108
what were socrates beliefs
he believed people could discover truth if they knew how to think
109
how did people react to socrates
some people liked him while others were very displeased
110
how did socrates' jury go
he was found guilty and was to be put to death
111
what did plato believe in
like socrates, truth
112
who developed a system of classification
Aristotle
113
what did plato believe in
like socrates, truth
114
Aphrodite
goddess of love and beauty
115
Athena
daughter of zeus
goddess of wisdom
city god of athens
116
Euclid
collected abad organized all existing knowledge about geometry
117
what is the parthenon
temple dedicated to athena
118
Euclid
collected abad organized all existing knowledge about geometry
119
what is the parthenon
temple dedicated to athena
120
business and trade in sparta was carried out by
perioeci
121
who created the council of 500
cleisthenes
122
the greek city states in ionia were located mainly along the coast of
the asia minor
123
why did darius sent the 600 warships to do battle with the greeks at marathon
wanted to punish the athens for helping the ionian rebels
124
where is the plain of marathon located
26 miles northeast of athens
125
why did Xerxes send a large persian army to greece
to get revenge for his father darius
126
who was the main leader of athens at the time of the delian league
pericles
127
who won the battle of marathon
Athens
128
who was the main leader of athens at the time of the delian league
pericles
129
what were the three classes
spartans; descendant of dorians
helots; slaves of the state
free farmers and craftsmen; performed many tasks and labored in the fields
130
how many battles did sparta lose in 500 years
two battles
131
what were the three classes
spartans; descendant of dorians
helots; slaves of the state
free farmers and craftsmen; performed many tasks and labored in the fields
132
how many battles did sparta lose in 500 years
two battles
133
what was the only way a spartan women could die in honor
childbirth
134
a spartan boy being whipped as part of his training could only fail was
passing out
135
what age did spartan boys start training with wooden swords
13
136
how were spartan women known for their strength
they would workout and would fight back against men trying to take them in marriage
137
why couldn't the boy be caught killing the helot
to practice stealth
138
how were spartan women known for their strength
they would workout and would fight back against men trying to take them in marriage
139
where did the greeks seek spiritual guidance or consolation of an oracle
delphi
140
why was leonidas only allowed to select 300 soldiers
spartan elders did not agree with the mission totally
141
the persian army consisted of
80% Infantry, 20% cavalry
142
what was the standard fighting form of the spartan army`
phalanx
143
how many persian soldiers were there according to a spy
300,000
144
what was the standard fighting form of the spartan army`
phalanx
145
what was one disadvantage of the corinth helmet
10 pounds, very heavy
146
what was the helmet the spartans wore called
corinth helmet
147
what was one disadvantage of the corinth helmet
10 pounds, very heavy
148
what was the 6-9 foot sword the spartans carried called
dory
149
how big was a dory
6-9 ft long
150
what was the double-edged sword used by the spartans used in battle called
Xiphos
151
who did the boats sink each other
used battering rams
152
what was an athenian warship called
trireme
153
who did the boats sink each other
used battering rams
154
how was a warship powered
170-200 oarsmen
155
who were the phocians
the greek force of 1000 that guarded the mountain pass
156
why the did phocians leave their post
they wanted to protect their families
157
what did xerxes order of leonidas body
head put on a stake
158
how many spartans survived the battle of thermopylae
none
159
where would minoan people go to worship and honor gods
shrines
160
was was the sacred flower of the minoans
lily
161
what was the capital of crete
knossos
162
who was alexander the great
the own of phillip II
163
what was the most famous city found by Alexander was
Alexandria, egypt
