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Western Civ Midterm > Rome > Flashcards

Rome Flashcards

1
Q

Latins

A

came from the north across the alps into italy

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2
Q

etruscan

A

came for asia minor; settled in western Italy

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3
Q

what was the city of rome built on

A

7 hills along the tiber river

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4
Q

what did the hill do for the city of rome

A

provided protection from attack

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5
Q

what is the legend of how rome was founded

A

romulus and remus

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6
Q

explain the origin story of romulus and remus

A

abandoned by family, found by a she-wolf who raised them, blah blah blah, romulus kills remus, then becomes the founder of rome

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7
Q

what natural resources existed in the area settled in by the etruscans

A

tiber river, mediteranean sea, fertile soil, and dense forests

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8
Q

who were italy’s first highly civilized people

A

the etruscans

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9
Q

did the etruscans have an army

A

yes. soldiers learned much about weapons and battle techniques from the greeks

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10
Q

what one thing did the etruscans have that nobody else did

A

shoes

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11
Q

were the etruscans monotheistic or polytheistic

A

polytheistic

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12
Q

how did etruscans worship their gods

A

temples

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13
Q

what did the etruscans believe the universe was divided into

A

provinces; each one ruled by a different god

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14
Q

which direction did the etruscans build their cities and temples

A

facing the east

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15
Q

who fought at an etruscan noblemen’s banquet

A

two slaves; the one who died went to the noble spirits underworld

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16
Q

did the etruscans believe in life after death

A

yes they thought it was more important then life on earth

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17
Q

what was outside of every etruscan city

A

necropolis, cemetery

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18
Q

who was the first ruler of rome

A

Lucius Tarquinius

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19
Q

who was more culturally advanced, the etruscans or Latins

A

etruscans

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20
Q

who participated in the gladiatorial games

A

men and men
men and animals
women and dwarfs
animals and animals

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21
Q

how did romans found their cities

A

they would build the city above wherever the soothsayer said to

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22
Q

what was the main occupations of the latin’s

A

farming

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23
Q

what were the etruscans noted for

A

traders and pirates

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24
Q

what building style did the romans learn from the etruscans

A

the arch

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25
Q

what part of italy did the etruscans conquer

A

northern italy

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26
Q

who helped the etruscan kings rule

A

patricians

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27
Q

who overthrew the etruscan king

A

patricians

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28
Q

what did the patricians do after overthrowing the etruscan kings

A

made a republic

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29
Q

what is a consul

A

leader of the roman republic

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30
Q

what did the consul controll

A

army, government, and religion

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31
Q

how long could the consuls serve

A

one year

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32
Q

how many consuls were there

A

two

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33
Q

what was the senate

A

300 patrician romans, appointed by the consuls

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34
Q

how long did each member of the senate serve

A

for life

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35
Q

what did the senate do

A

passed the laws

chose the citizens who were to be voted upon by the council

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36
Q

who were the patricians

A

rich landowner in rome;; nobles; nobody else owned land

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37
Q

who were the plebeians

A

the common people of rome

soldiers, farmers, workers, traders

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38
Q

why did the plebeians move out of rome

A

in order to win more power

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39
Q

what powersdid the plebeians win

A

the right to elect tribunes to represent them

the right to have laws written down for the common people

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40
Q

how many tribunes were there

A

two

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41
Q

what were the tribunes

A

representatives of the common people

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42
Q

what power did the tribunes have

A

the power to veto, or reject laws that the plebeians did not like

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43
Q

who were the tribune brothers

A

TIberius and Gaius

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44
Q

what did the brothers promote

A

land reform for the plebeians

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45
Q

what happened to the brothers

A

they were assassinated at different times

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46
Q

what are coloni

A

small farmers (latin)

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47
Q

how did roman officials rule

A

badly

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48
Q

what did roman officials force

A

people to pay heavy taxes

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49
Q

what did roman officials do with the money collected from taxes

A

kept it for themselves to become rich

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50
Q

what year did tiberius die

A

133 BC

51
Q

what year did gaius die

A

121 BC

52
Q

who led the slave revolts

A

spartacus

53
Q

what was the first triumvirate

A

the first time that three men are appointed to position of consul

54
Q

who was apart of the first triumvirate

A

caesar, crassus, pompey

55
Q

who was julius caesar

A

a general

56
Q

what areas did caesar conquer for rome

A

gaul, Britain and Germany

57
Q

did people like or hate casear

A

liked; extremely popular with his army and with the poor

58
Q

what does caesar provide for the mob

A

bread and circus

59
Q

between crassus and pompey, who dies

A

crassus dies

60
Q

how does pompey react to crassus’ death

A

seizes his power and orders caesar home

61
Q

what does caesar do when ordered home

A

goes home with his army and kills pompey

62
Q

what happens after caesar kills pompey

A

he is made the dictator

63
Q

how did caesar die

A

he was attacked and killed in the senate

64
Q

why is caesar killed

A

he was feared by people

65
Q

who is part of the second triumvirate

A

lepidus, marc antony and octavian

66
Q

which member of the second triumvirate retires

A

lepidus

67
Q

who battles for control of rome? what is the battle called

A

octavian and marc antony, along wit cleopatra

battle of actium

68
Q

who is cleopatra

A

marc antony’s wife

69
Q

who was gaius octavian

A

caesar’s adopted son

70
Q

describe the battle of actium

A

octavian trapped antony
cleo thought their only hope was at sea
octavian surrounded their ships and inflicted heavy damage
cleo and antony left their soldiers to fight; there dreams were shattered

71
Q

what happens to antony and cleo because of the loss

A

they both committed suicide

72
Q

what name did octavian become

A

augustus caesar

73
Q

who became the undisputed ruler of rome

A

octavian caesar

74
Q

what title does octavian caesar get

A

caesar augustus

75
Q

what does caesar augustus mean

A

majestic one

76
Q

who become the emperor of rome

A

caesar augustus

77
Q

what is the pax romana

A

the roman peace that lasted for 200 years

78
Q

what happened to roman culture dying the pax romana

A

it flourished

79
Q

what gave us the basis of civil law today

A

roman law

80
Q

law of nations

A

foreigners

81
Q

civil law

A

roman citizens

82
Q

what part of engineering did the romans perfect

A

the arch

83
Q

what language did romans speak

A

latin

84
Q

where did the roman alphabet come from

A

adapted from the greek alphabet

85
Q

what are some of the roman customs used today

A

birthdays
handshakes
names of the months

86
Q

what did the romans mainly work with in arts and architecture

A

marble

87
Q

where did roman art and architecture come from

A

largely imitated from greek origins

88
Q

where did roman gods and goddesses come from

A

taken from greek mythology

89
Q

zeus; rome

A

jupiter

90
Q

hera; rome

A

juno

91
Q

aphrodite; rome

A

venus

92
Q

ares; rome

A

mars

93
Q

aside from the gods themselves, who else was considered a god in rome

A

emperor

94
Q

what religion was later adopted by the romans

A

christianity

95
Q

who were some of the good emperors rome had

A

Octavian and Claudius

96
Q

who were some of the bad emperors rome had

A

nero and Caligula

97
Q

what happened to most of domes emperors

A

many were murdered or committed suicide

98
Q

who splits the roman empire in two

A

diocletian

99
Q

who is west of the roman empire ruled by

A

rome

100
Q

where does diocletian move to

A

the east and rules from Byzantium

101
Q

what are formed to better administer empires

A

diocese

102
Q

who is constantine

A

one who became sole ruler of the empire

103
Q

where does constantine rule from

A

byzantium

104
Q

what does constantine rename byzantium

A

constantople

105
Q

what is the edict of milan

A

when christianity is made legal by constantine

106
Q

Theodosius

A

christianity became officially star religion under him

at the same time he outlawed other pagan religions, festivals, and “holidays”

107
Q

how did rome fall

A

alaric sacks rome

the last emperor in the west is overthrown

108
Q

what happened during the first punic war

A

rome takes the 2nd half of sicily from carthage

carthage surrenders Sardinia and Corsica as well

109
Q

what happened during the second punic war

A

hannibal leads his army via spain and through the alps to attack rome
rome attacks carthfae to get hannibal out of rome
spain is given to rome

110
Q

what happened during the third and final punic war

A

Rome makes a preemptive strike on Carthage in 149 BC

By 146 BC Carthage has been burned, the people enslaved, and the earth around the city is salted; cant grow anything, people would starve

Carthage is no longer a threat to Rome

111
Q

what 3 islands did rome get from carthage after the first punic war

A

sardinia, sicily, corsica

112
Q

how many elephants did hannibal take with him throughout the alps

A

38

113
Q

what problems did hannibal face in the alps

A

snow; made things slippier (just made that a word deal with it)
unfriendly tribesmen tried to kill them
had to battle though cold, hinder, and exhaustion

114
Q

how much of hannibals army was left when they reached italy

A

20,00 foot soldiers

6,000 cavalry and almost all elephants died

115
Q

which tow groups joined hannibal in their fight against rome

A

gauls and celtics

116
Q

paterfamilias in the roman family

A

master of the house, controlled everything

117
Q

roman women rights

A

could not vote, leave home without male

118
Q

what does pontifex maximus mean

A

high priest

119
Q

what are some of the roman weapons

A

pila; roman spear

gladius; sword they wore on their hip

120
Q

ranks of the roman army (in order from top to bottom)

A 
legion
cohorts
legatus
tribuni
centurinos
121
Q

different roman battle formations

A

acies; going into the line of battle to fight
agmen; marching in columns
orbis; square formed by soldiers
aquila; eagle, standard of the legion

122
Q

what are the twelve tables

A

romes earliest form of written law

123
Q

the roman army was organized into….

A

legions

Western Civ Midterm (6 decks)

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