Ancient Greece Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the main geographical features of Greece?
Mountains cover ¾ of Greece; they divide the land into regions.
How did the mountainous terrain affect Greek city-states?
Helped and hurt development; lacked irrigation and forced trade and colonization.
What was the impact of Greek trade and colonization?
Spread of Hellenistic culture.
What type of beliefs formed the basis of Greek mythology?
Polytheistic beliefs.
Name three Greek gods or goddesses.
- Zeus
- Hera
- Apollo
What significant government system did Athens develop?
The first democratic system of government.
Who was Draco and what did he contribute?
Wrote Greece’s 1st legal code in 621 BCE.
What reforms did Solon implement as head of government?
Reformed economics and the legal system.
What type of democracy did Cleisthenes establish in 508 BCE?
Direct democracy.
Who had political rights in Ancient Greece?
Only free adult males; women, foreigners, and slaves had no rights.
What type of government did Sparta develop?
Oligarchy.
What was the nature of Sparta’s society?
Militaristic and aggressive; had a rigid social structure.
What were the two main series of wars for Ancient Greece?
- Persian Wars (499 - 449 BCE)
- Peloponnesian Wars (431 - 404 BCE)
What initiated the Persian Wars?
Persia began invading and conquered Greek colonies.
What was the Delian League?
An alliance system formed for defense against Persia.
What period is known as the Golden Age of Pericles?
Between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars (449 – 431 BCE).
What were some contributions of Pericles to Athens?
- Rebuilding the city after the Persian Wars
- Extending democracy
What caused the Peloponnesian Wars?
Competition between Athens and Sparta.
What weakened Athens leading to its surrender in the Peloponnesian Wars?
Lack of supplies, military, plagues.
Who was King Philip II of Macedonia?
He wanted to conquer Greece to reclaim land.
Who completed the conquest of Greece after Philip II?
Alexander the Great.
What is the Hellenistic Age?
Period where Greek culture blended with oriental elements.
Who is known as the ‘Father of Medicine’?
Hippocrates.
What theorem is Pythagoras known for?
Pythagorean Theorem.
