Ancient Greek and Rome

Question 1

When the Greeks established cities in the small fertile valleys along
Greece’s rocky coast.

Answer 1

2000 BC

Question 2

Oligarchy

Answer 2

a government ruled by a few powerful people.

Question 3

What was the largest and most powerful city-state to emerge in Greece?

Answer 3

Athens

Question 4

What problems did Athens face in 600 BC

Answer 4

Severe economic problems. Poor farmers would have to sell their land, then themselves so that they couldn’t leave their land to the rich. To solve this, in 594 B.C., Solon a respected statesman, passed a law outlawing slavery based on debt and
canceled the farmers’ debts.

Question 5

Solon

Answer 5

• respected statesman
• established four classes based on wealth rather than heredity
• created the council of the four hundred
• increased the power of the assembly by allowing all citzens to submit laws for debate and passage.
• Worked to make Athens a full-on democracy

Question 6

What invaders tried to conquer Greece from 490 to 479bc

Answer 6

Persian invaders

Question 7

How did Pericles strengthen Greek democracy

Answer 7

by increasing the number of paid public officials and by paying jurors.

Question 8

Direct democracy

Answer 8

A form of government in which citizens rule and make laws directly rather than through representatives.

Question 9

How did Pericles describe Democracy?

Answer 9

“Our constitution is called a democracy because power is in the hands not of a minority but of the whole people.”

Question 10

When did in a group of Roman aristocrats overthrew a harsh king?

Answer 10

509 BC

Question 11

Republic

Answer 11

A form of government in which power rests with citizens who have the right to elect the leaders who make governmental decisions.

Question 12

In the early republic, what two groups struggled for power?

Answer 12

Patricians- aristocratic landowners who held most of the power.
Plebians- common farmers, artisans, and merchants.

Patricians held their inherited power, but plebians had the right to vote, which hurt the power that the plebians had.

Question 13

Did the plebeians or the patricians force the creation of written code (the code was written to suit them)?

Answer 13

Plebians

Question 14

What idea did the twelve tables establish?

Answer 14

all free citizens had the right to protection of the law and that laws would be fairly administered.

Question 15

What made up the Roman legislative branch?

Answer 15

• The Senate (made up of the patricians) and two assemblies

Question 16

When did Rome fall under an emperor

Answer 16

In 27 B.C

Question 17

How did Rome become so powerful?

Answer 17

by conquering other lands but also by bringing the conquered peoples into its system.