Ancyclostoma duodenale ( Intestinal hookworm )

Question 1

A disease caused by ancylostoma duodenale

Answer 1

Ancyclostomiasis

Question 2

Ancylostoma is also called

Answer 2

Old world hookworm

Question 3

It was discovered by an Italian Physicist, ____ in 1938 when he was doing an autopsy of a woman

Answer 3

Angelo Dubini

Question 5

Where does an A. duodenale lives?

Answer 5

Small intestine

Question 6

Hookworm disease is characterized by a ___ and ___

Answer 6

severe anemia and gastrointestinal problems

Question 7

The body of ancyclostoma is covered with a thick ___ with syncytial epidermis

Answer 7

cuticle

Question 8

They are called hook worms due to their ___ end bend slightly

Answer 8

anterior

Question 9

Infective larva of A. duodenale

Answer 9

Filariform larva

Question 10

Non-infectious larva of A. duodenale

Answer 10

Rhabditiform larva

Question 11

Stages of development of A. duodenale in humans

Answer 11

1. The human excrete the egg through feces
2. Rhabditiform larva hatches
3. Filariform larva
4. Filariform larva penetrates the skin

Question 12

The adult hookworm reside in the small intestine of human beings particularly in the ___.

Answer 12

jejunum

Question 13

They anchor on the ___ by their anterior ends

Answer 13

wall of the small intestine

Question 14

Common opening of digestive and reproductive systems in the posterior end

Answer 14

cloaca

Question 15

Factors that affects the distribution of of hookworm

Answer 15

1. geographical features
2. lack of sanitation
3. unawareness

Question 16

A. duodenale is largely distributed in the ___ and ____ regions of the world

Answer 16

tropical and sub-tropical

Question 17

What are the geographical features considered that affect the distribution of hookworms

Answer 17

1. soil textures
2. Soil moisture
3. Precipitation

Question 18

Farmers use human feces as a fertilizer is an example of what factor

Answer 18

Unawareness

Question 19

Effects caused by Larvae

Answer 19

1. ground itch
2. creeping eruptions
3. lesion in the lungs

Question 20

2. Creeping eruptions

Question 21

Effects caused by adult

Answer 21

1. lesions
2. severe anemia
3. ulcer

Question 22

It happen when the A. duodenale penetrate the skin

Answer 22

Ground itch

Question 23

Factors that causes anemia

Answer 23

1. sucking of blood by hookworms for their nutrition
2. loss of blood. from the sites of attachment causing chronic haemorrhages

Question 24

It is where a person develop a taste towards earth, mud, lines

Answer 24

Geophagy

Question 25

Effects of loss of blood and severe anemia:

Answer 25

1. Epigastric tenderness and duodenal ulcers 2. abnormal appetite 3. Geophagy 4. Hyperacidity 5. constipatio6. puffy face 6. Protuberant abdomen and dry lusterless hair

Question 26

Mode of transmission

Answer 26

1. walking bare-footed on soil contaminated with feces 2. drinking water contaminated with soil containing filariform larvae 3. handling of feces-spiled clothing’s left damp for 4 to 5 days 4. soft hands and palms in gardeners and miners

Question 28

Site of entry:

Answer 28

1. Delicate thin skin between the toes 2. inner side of the soles 3. Dorsum of the feet

Question 29

Diagnosis of Ancylostomiasis:

Answer 29

1. microscopic examination 2. Study of duodenal contents 3. Clinical diagnosis

Question 30

What are the different clinical diagnosis:

Answer 30

1. Extremely high level of eosinophilia 2. Severe anemia 3. Occult blood and charcot-leyden crystals in the stool

Question 31

Treatment for hook worm infection

Answer 31

1. mebendazole 2. Pyrantel pamoate 3. Bephenium hydroxyl naphthoate

Question 32

Other drugs prescribed in treating Ancylostomiasis?

Answer 32

1. Thiabendazole 2. Tetramisole 3. Albendazole 4. Benzimidazoles

Question 33

Preventive measures:

Answer 33

1. personal protection 2. Prevention of soil contamination by adequate sewage disposal 3. Disinfection of feves 4. Treatment of infected individuals

Question 34

Migration of larva?

Answer 34

enter through skin, then to the lungs, then to the pharynx then to the small intestine

Question 35

Pathogenic stage of A. duodenale

Answer 35

Filariform and Adult Ancylostoma

Question 36

Diagnostic stage

Answer 36

ova and adults

Question 37

Site of localisation

Answer 37

Small intestine

Question 38

Pathogenesis

Answer 38

1. skin lesions 2. dermatitis 3. creeping eruption 4. anemia 5. eosinophilia